Study of oscillatory behavior of recording process arising from electron-hole competition in strongly oxidized LiNbO3 : Ce : Cu

We have investigated ultraviolet (UV) photorefractive effect of lithium niobate doubly doped with Ce and Cu. It is found the diffraction efficiency shows oscillating behavior Under UV-1ight-recording. A model in which electrons and holes can be excited from impurity centers in the UV region is proposed to study the oscillatory behavior of the diffraction efficiency. Oil the basis of the material equations and the coupled-wave equations, we found that the oscillatory behavior is due to the oscillation of the relative spatial phase shift Phi. And the electron-hole competition may cause the oscillation of the relative spatial phase shift. A switch point from electron grating to hole grating is chosen to realize nonvolatile readout by a red light with high sensitivity (0.4 cm/J). (c) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Part I. Approximate Hartree-Fock wavefunctions one-electron properties and electronic structure of the water molecule. Part II. Perturbation-variational calculation of the nuclear spin-spin isotope coupling constant in HD

Part I

Several approximate Hartree-Fock SCF wavefunctions for the ground electronic state of the water molecule have been obtained using an increasing number of multicenter s, p, and d Slater-type atomic orbitals as basis sets. The predicted charge distribution has been extensively tested at each stage by calculating the electric dipole moment, molecular quadrupole moment, diamagnetic shielding, Hellmann-Feynman forces, and electric field gradients at both the hydrogen and the oxygen nuclei. It was found that a carefully optimized minimal basis set suffices to describe the electronic charge distribution adequately except in the vicinity of the oxygen nucleus. Our calculations indicate, for example, that the correct prediction of the field gradient at this nucleus requires a more flexible linear combination of p-orbitals centered on this nucleus than that in the minimal basis set. Theoretical values for the molecular octopole moment components are also reported.

Part II

The perturbation-variational theory of R. M. Pitzer for nuclear spin-spin coupling constants is applied to the HD molecule. The zero-order molecular orbital is described in terms of a single 1s Slater-type basis function centered on each nucleus. The first-order molecular orbital is expressed in terms of these two functions plus one singular basis function each of the types e^-r/r and e^-r ln r centered on one of the nuclei. The new kinds of molecular integrals were evaluated to high accuracy using numerical and analytical means. The value of the HD spin-spin coupling constant calculated with this near-minimal set of basis functions is J_HD = +96.6 cps. This represents an improvement over the previous calculated value of +120 cps obtained without using the logarithmic basis function but is still considerably off in magnitude compared with the experimental measurement of J_HD = +43 0 ± 0.5 cps.

A kinetic theory description for external spherical flows with arbitrary Knudsen number by a moment method

The Maxwell integral equations of transfer are applied to a series of problems involving flows of arbitrary density gases about spheres. As suggested by Lees a two sided Maxwellian-like weighting function containing a number of free parameters is utilized and a sufficient number of partial differential moment equations is used to determine these parameters. Maxwell's inverse fifth-power force law is used to simplify the evaluation of the collision integrals appearing in the moment equations. All flow quantities are then determined by integration of the weighting function which results from the solution of the differential moment system. Three problems are treated: the heat-flux from a slightly heated sphere at rest in an infinite gas; the velocity field and drag of a slowly moving sphere in an unbounded space; the velocity field and drag torque on a slowly rotating sphere. Solutions to the third problem are found to both first and second-order in surface Mach number with the secondary centrifugal fan motion being of particular interest. Singular aspects of the moment method are encountered in the last two problems and an asymptotic study of these difficulties leads to a formal criterion for a "well posed" moment system. The previously unanswered question of just how many moments must be used in a specific problem is now clarified to a great extent.

On the uniqueness of singular solutions to boundary-initial value problems in linear elastodynamics

This investigation deals with certain generalizations of the classical uniqueness theorem for the second boundary-initial value problem in the linearized dynamical theory of not necessarily homogeneous nor isotropic elastic solids. First, the regularity assumptions underlying the foregoing theorem are relaxed by admitting stress fields with suitably restricted finite jump discontinuities. Such singularities are familiar from known solutions to dynamical elasticity problems involving discontinuous surface tractions or non-matching boundary and initial conditions. The proof of the appropriate uniqueness theorem given here rests on a generalization of the usual energy identity to the class of singular elastodynamic fields under consideration.

Following this extension of the conventional uniqueness theorem, we turn to a further relaxation of the customary smoothness hypotheses and allow the displacement field to be differentiable merely in a generalized sense, thereby admitting stress fields with square-integrable unbounded local singularities, such as those encountered in the presence of focusing of elastic waves. A statement of the traction problem applicable in these pathological circumstances necessitates the introduction of "weak solutions'' to the field equations that are accompanied by correspondingly weakened boundary and initial conditions. A uniqueness theorem pertaining to this weak formulation is then proved through an adaptation of an argument used by O. Ladyzhenskaya in connection with the first boundary-initial value problem for a second-order hyperbolic equation in a single dependent variable. Moreover, the second uniqueness theorem thus obtained contains, as a special case, a slight modification of the previously established uniqueness theorem covering solutions that exhibit only finite stress-discontinuities.

A singular perturbation method of calculating the behavior of supercavitating hydrofoils with rounded noses

A simple, direct and accurate method to predict the pressure distribution on supercavitating hydrofoils with rounded noses is presented. The thickness of body and cavity is assumed to be small. The method adopted in the present work is that of singular perturbation theory. Far from the leading edge linearized free streamline theory is applied. Near the leading edge, however, where singularities of the linearized theory occur, a non-linear local solution is employed. The two unknown parameters which characterize this local solution are determined by a matching procedure. A uniformly valid solution is then constructed with the aid of the singular perturbation approach.

The present work is divided into two parts. In Part I isolated supercavitating hydrofoils of arbitrary profile shape with parabolic noses are investigated by the present method and its results are compared with the new computational results made with Wu and Wang's exact "functional iterative" method. The agreement is very good. In Part II this method is applied to a linear cascade of such hydrofoils with elliptic noses. A number of cases are worked out over a range of cascade parameters from which a good idea of the behavior of this type of important flow configuration is obtained.

Some of the computational aspects of Wu and Wang's functional iterative method heretofore not successfully applied to this type of problem are described in an appendix.

Helmholtz Fermi surface harmonics: an efficient approach for treating anisotropic problems involving Fermi surface integrals

We present a new efficient numerical approach for representing anisotropic physical quantities and/or matrix elements defined on the Fermi surface (FS) of metallic materials. The method introduces a set of numerically calculated generalized orthonormal functions which are the solutions of the Helmholtz equation defined on the FS. Noteworthy, many properties of our proposed basis set are also shared by the FS harmonics introduced by Philip B Allen (1976 Phys. Rev. B 13 1416), proposed to be constructed as polynomials of the cartesian components of the electronic velocity. The main motivation of both approaches is identical, to handle anisotropic problems efficiently. However, in our approach the basis set is defined as the eigenfunctions of a differential operator and several desirable properties are introduced by construction. The method is demonstrated to be very robust in handling problems with any crystal structure or topology of the FS, and the periodicity of the reciprocal space is treated as a boundary condition for our Helmholtz equation. We illustrate the method by analysing the free-electron-like lithium (Li), sodium (Na), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), tungsten (W) and magnesium diboride (MgB2)

Indivíduo singular e plural: uma crítica psicanalítica das identidades

O objetivo da nossa investigação é a ideia de identidade, a partir do lugar central que ocupa nas discussões sobre a experiência subjetiva na contemporaneidade. Partindo inicialmente das formulações de Giddens em torno da identidade como narrativa do eu, procuramos indicar os vínculos entre tal noção e o que chamamos racionalidade moderna, destacando assim a própria identidade como ideia especificamente moderna e vinculada a determinadas categorias fundamentais ao pensamento ocidental a partir do século XVIII, como indivíduo e estado-nação. Nesse percurso, introduzimos ainda uma discussão sobre a vinculação no modelo identitário, entre a afirmação de si e a sujeição às instâncias de poder e soberania. Em seguida, trabalhamos com a ideia de initeligível, que parece percorrer de modo fundamental a lógica identitária interrogando o seu poder mortífero frente ao que, sendo estrangeiro, e escapando aos padrões de inteligibilidade dessa racionalidade moderna, se apresenta como impossível de ser absorvido pelo sistema e pelos identitários vigentes. A partir dais, procuramos vislumbrar modos alternativos para a enunciação de si, fora de uma lógica identitária e não submetidos a essa racionalidade moderna. Para isso, recorremos sobretudo ao pensamento de Freud em torno das categorias de desejo e fantasia.

Sophia Jobim: trajetória e individualidade. Uma experiência singular do feminismo brasileiro

Nesta dissertação abordaremos a indumentarista, professora e feminista Sophia Jobim Magno de Carvalho (1904 1968). Sophia Jobim nascida Maria Sofia Pinheiro Machado Jobim, em Avaré em 19 de Setembro de 1904. Fundou em 1947, a primeira sede do Clube Soroptimista no Brasil, em sua casa com Bertha Lutz, ocupando o cargo de presidente durante quatro anos. Em 1949, ocupa o cargo de regente da disciplina de Indumentária e Arte Decorativa na Escola Nacional de Belas-Artes (ENBA). Através desse cargo, Sophia viajava para colecionar peças de diferentes países e apresentá-los nas suas aulas, além de fundar o primeiro museu de indumentária da América Latina, em sua casa, em Santa Teresa RJ, em 1960. Após sua morte por embolia pulmonar, em 1968, seu acervo é totalmente doado ao Museu Histórico Nacional, instituição na qual se graduou no Curso de Museologia, em 1963. Com este trabalho pretendemos trazer à tona uma parcela do material doado por Sophia e evidenciando suas ações como feminista, trazendo para o trabalho a discussão em torno do individuo utilizando como teóricos Georg Simmel e Gilberto Velho. A formação da ENBA, e a cooptação dos intelectuais no Estado Novo são temas a serem mobilizados durante o trabalho, além da sociabilidade como forma de análise do período e do campo por onde Sophia caminhou. Através deste trabalho buscamos proporcionar uma breve visão sobre Sophia Jobim e contribuir aos estudos sobre o feminismo e a individualidade.