Accumulation rate and stable oxygen isotope ratios of the ice cores from the North Greenland Traverse

We present for the first time all 12 d18O records obtained from ice cores drilled in the framework of the North Greenland Traverse (NGT) between 1993 and 1995 in northern Greenland. The cores cover an area of 680 km × 317 km, 10 % of the Greenland ice sheet. Depending on core length (100-175 m) and accumulation rate (90-200 kg/m**2/a) the single records reflect an isotope-temperature history over the last 500-1100 years. Lowest d18O mean values occur north of the summit and east of the main divide as a consequence of Greenland's topography. In general, ice cores drilled on the main ice divide show different results than those drilled east of the main ice divide that might be influenced by secondary regional moisture sources. A stack of all NGT records and the NGRIP record is presented with improved signal-to-noise ratio. Compared to single records, this stack represents the mean d18O signal for northern Greenland that is interpreted as proxy for temperature. Our northern Greenland d18O stack indicates distinctly enriched d18O values during medieval times, about AD 1420 ± 20 and from AD 1870 onwards. The period between AD 1420 and AD 1850 has depleted d18O values compared to the average for the entire millennium and represents the Little Ice Age. The d18O values of the 20th century are comparable to the medieval period but are lower than that about AD 1420.

Desarrollo de un sitio web con conexión con redes sociales

La Asociación Española de Lucha contra la Esclerosis múltiple (AELEM) tiene un sitio web un poco anticuado, con información mal distribuida y acumulada toda en la sección de inicio, por lo tanto querían renovar su sitio web y conseguir otro que fuera mucho más intuitivo, que estuviera bien distribuido y que fuera más sencillo de usar para nuevos usuarios. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar un sitio web que cumpla los nuevos requisitos de los miembros de la asociación, así como que sea más fácil para ellos mismo de administrar. Para ello a través del uso de un CMS se desarrolló un nuevo sitio web para AELEM, con nuevas funcionalidades y con las ventajas de Joomla, un CMS que pueden administrar. A través del desarrollo de diferentes componentes y módulos se consiguieron satisfacer las necesidades de los miembros de la asociación, así como se fueron añadiendo las nuevas funcionalidades que iban pidiendo a lo largo del proyecto. Los resultados obtenidos han sido muy positivos, a la junta directiva y a los miembros seleccionados de la asociación para evaluar el sitio web les ha gustado tanto la estética como la nueva distribución de la información o las nuevas funcionalidades incluidas en el sitio web, y la asociación utilizará el nuevo sitio web que se le ha desarrollado, y además con las clases que se les ha ido impartiendo podrán administrarla. ---ABSTRACT---The Spanish association of fight against the multiple sclerosis (La Asociación Española de Lucha contra la Esclerosis Multiple “AELEM”) has a fairly old fashioned website, with information poorly distributed and all accumulated in the home section. This is the reason why the association has chosen to renew its website and make a more intuitive one, with better distributed information and easier to navigate for new users. In this context, the objective of this project is to develop a new website that meets the new requirements of the association. In addition, they want a website which is easier to administrate. To archive these objectives we used a CMS to develop a new website for AELEM, with new functionalities and with the advantages of Joomla, a CMS that they can administrate. Different components and modules were developed in order to satisfy the needs of the association members and new functionalities were added as required throughout the entire project. The results we have obtained were very positive. The board of directors and the members of the association that were chosen to test the website have liked the appearance, the new distribution of the information as well as the new functionalities of the website. The association will use the new website we have developed and with the classes we have given them, they will be able to administrate it.

Compactação e elevação da vida útil de transformadores de distribuição empregando óleo vegetal isolante.

A busca no aumento da vida útil dos transformadores de distribuição, redução dos custos de manutenção e mitigação de falhas, leva ao desenvolvimento de novos materiais e critérios de exploração diferenciados desses ativos. Esta pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento de um novo transformador de distribuição compacto e mais eficiente utilizando óleo vegetal isolante totalmente biodegradável. Além de biodegradável, o óleo vegetal utilizado possui menor agressividade ambiental e maior capacidade térmica aumentando, a capacidade de carregamento do transformador sem comprometer a sua vida útil. A fim de atestar essa menor agressividade em relação ao óleo mineral, ensaios foram efetuados em um equipamento que permaneceu 12 anos em operação. O equipamento foi totalmente desmontado para análise e coleta de amostras de papel e óleo vegetal isolante. As análises visam comprovar a menor agressividade em relação ao óleo mineral, apresentadas na revisão bibliográfica. A menor agressividade torna possível a proposição de uma nova filosofia de planejamento de redes de distribuição utilizando uma quantidade menor dos novos transformadores para uma mesma carga, tornando-a mais compacta e eficiente.

(Table S1) Opal content of sediment core OXMZ01MV-GC31

The North American monsoon (NAM), an onshore wind shift occurring between July and September, has evolved in character during the Holocene largely due to changes in Northern Hemisphere insolation. Published paleoproxy and modeling studies suggest that prior to ~8000 cal years BP, the NAM affected a broader region than today, extending westward into the Mojave Desert of California. Holocene proxy SST records from the Gulf of California (GoC) and the adjacent Pacific provide constraints for this changing NAM climatology. Prior to ~8000 cal years BP, lower GoC SSTs would not have fueled northward surges of tropical moisture up the GoC, which presently contribute most of the monsoon precipitation to the western NAM region. During the early Holocene, the North Pacific High was further north and SSTs in the California Current off Baja California were warmer, allowing monsoonal moisture flow from the subtropical Pacific to take a more direct, northwesterly trajectory into an expanded area of the southwestern U.S. west of 114°W. A new upwelling record off southwest Baja California reveals that enhanced upwelling in the California Current beginning at ~7500 cal year BP may have triggered a change in NAM climatology, focusing the geographic expression of NAM in the southwest USA into its modern core region east of ~114°W, in Arizona and New Mexico. Holocene proxy precipitation records from the southwestern U.S. and northwestern Mexico, including lakes, vegetation/pollen, and caves are reviewed and found to be largely supportive of this hypothesis of changing Holocene NAM climatology.