Un gran español que murió en el exilio.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

Karla murió dos veces.

Karla Faye Tucker fue ejecutada en el presido de Huntville, Texas, la madrugada del 4 de febrero. Cerca de 400 personas esperan en los corredores de la muerte de las prisiones de Texas. En los Estados Unidos suman 4000 decenas de personas anóminas son ejecutadas cada semana en todo el mundo.

Earth's changing mountains.

Permite ver cómo se han ido formando las costas a los largo de millones de años. Un examen a través de estudios de casos, mapas y fotografías aéreas, ilustra los efectos de estos paisajes cambiantes contestando, entre otras, a las preguntas de cuáles son los estratos de roca, cómo la gente cultiva los alimentos en las zonas de montaña, cómo cambia la minería paisajes de montaña. Por último se aportan datos sobre las montañas más altas del mundo las montañas con las peores avalanchas. Tiene un glosario de apoyo lingüístico y bibliografía.

I wonder why mountains have snow on top : and other questions about mountains.

En esta colección se trata de responder a las preguntas que los jóvenes lectores se hacen sobre: las montañas y su formación, los volcanes, las plantas y animales que viven en ellas. También, de los deportes practicados en la montaña: montañismo, esquiar, ciclismo.

Hills and mountains.

Explora y describe la formación de las colinas y montañas de Gran Bretaña. Cómo se revelan la altura,la vegetación, el uso de la tierra y mucho más, a través de fotografías y mapas. Para desarrollar las habilidades de interpretación de un mapa utilizando la orientación, cotas de referencia, símbolos, claves, y escalas. Tiene glosario, índice y direcciones de Internet donde puede encontrarse más información.

Miguel Hernández. Murió hace cuarenta años.

Se describen las últimas horas de vida de Miguel Hernández, en la cárcel y gravemente enfermo. Muere el día 28 de marzo de 1942, con tan solo treinta y dos años, el sábado víspera del Domingo de Ramos. Sobre las seis de la tarde fue el entierro. Iba un ataúd sobre el coche de caballos y no llevaba ninguna corona. Sólo iban acompañándole, en una tartana, cinco personas: su hermana Elvira, una vecina, que se llamaba Consuelo, Miguel Abad, Ricardo Fuentes y el autor del texto, Báez Ramos. Se señala también que han transcurrido cuarenta años desde estos hechos, hasta que se escribe el texto. Posteriormente se hace mención a la vida y obra de Miguel Hernández Gilabert. Nació en Orihuela, Alicante, el 30 de octubre da 1910. Fue uno de los poetas más importantes que ha tenido España. Comenzó a escribir versos pastoreando cabras por los campos. Leía de noche. Pudo beneficiarse de la biblioteca del entonces vicario de Orihuela, y más tarde obispo de León, Luís Almarcha, el cual, con 425 pesetas costearía los 300 ejemplares que integraban la primera edición de Perito en Lunas, en 1931, prologado el amigo de Miguel Hernández, Ramón Sijé. Su siguiente obra se titula El rayo que no cesa, editada por el poeta M. Altolaguirre, y está constituida fundamentalmente por sonetos amorosos, compuestos a lo largo de los años 1933-34. Poco después el poeta se encuentra con una realidad trágica: la guerra. A favor de la justicia y de la libertad, aunque sin carnet ideológico, se decanta por el bando republicano. Terminada la guerra, y después de visitar a su mujer en el pueblo de Cox, marcha a Sevilla confiando en que un amigo le acoja en su casa. Pero es detenido por un guarda portugués que lo entrega a la Guardia Civil Española. Trasladado a Madrid, y liberado en Orihuela, una denuncia provocó su nuevo encarcelamiento Y, en medio de su enfermedad, del distanciamiento de la esposa de su hijo recién nacido, escribe uno de sus libros más puros y bellos, Cancionero y romancero de ausencias, cuya edición póstuma data de 1958.

Flight Paths of Migrating Golden Eagles and the Risk Associated with Wind Energy Development in the Rocky Mountains

In recent years, the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains in northeastern British Columbia have received interest as a site of industrial wind energy development but, simultaneously, have been the subject of concern about wind development coinciding with a known migratory corridor of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). We tracked and quantified eagle flights that crossed or followed ridgelines slated for one such wind development. We found that hourly passage rates during fall migration peaked at midday and increased by 17% with each 1 km/h increase in wind speed and by 11% with each 1°C increase in temperature. The propensity to cross the ridge tops where turbines would be situated differed between age classes, with juvenile eagles almost twice as likely to traverse the ridge-top area as adults or subadults. During fall migration, Golden Eagles were more likely to cross ridges at turbine heights (risk zone, < 150 m above ground) under headwinds or tailwinds, but this likelihood decreased with increasing temperature. Conversely, during spring migration, eagles were more likely to move within the ridge-top area under eastern crosswinds. Identifying Golden Eagle flight routes and altitudes with respect to major weather systems and local topography in the Rockies may help identify scenarios in which the potential for collisions is greatest at this and other installations.

Stand and within-stand factors influencing Golden-winged Warbler use of regenerating stands in the central Appalachian Mountains

The Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) is currently being considered for protected status under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The creation of breeding habitat in the Appalachian Mountains is considered a conservation priority for this songbird, which is dependent on extensively forested landscapes with adequate availability of young forest. We modeled abundance of Golden-winged Warbler males in regenerating harvested forest stands that were 0-17 years postharvest at both mid-Appalachian and northeast Pennsylvania regional scales using stand and within-stand characteristics of 222 regenerating stands, 2010-2011. Variables that were most influential at the mid-Appalachian scale were different than those in the northeast region. Across the mid-Appalachian ecoregion, the proportion of young forest cover, i.e., shrub/scrub cover, within 1 km of regenerating stands best explained abundance of Golden-winged Warblers. Golden-winged Warbler response was best explained by a concave quadratic relationship in which abundance was highest with 5-15% land in young forest cover. We also found evidence that the amount of herbaceous cover, i.e., the amount of grasses and forbs, within a regenerating stand positively influenced abundance of Golden-winged Warblers. In northeastern Pennsylvania, where young forest cover is found in high proportions, the distance to the nearest regenerating stand best explained variation in abundance of Golden-winged Warblers. Abundance of Golden-winged Warblers was <1 male per survey when another regenerating stand was >1500 m away. When modeling within-stand features in the northeast region, many of the models were closely ranked, indicating that multiple variables likely explained Golden-winged Warbler response to within-stand conditions. Based on our findings, we have proposed several management guidelines for land managers interested in creating breeding habitat for Golden-winged Warblers using commercial timber operations. For example, we recommend when managing for Golden-winged Warblers in the central Appalachian Mountains that managers should strive for 15% young forest in a heavily forested landscape (>70% forest cover) and cluster stands within 1-2 km of other young forest habitats.

Ibergirhynchia contraria (F. A. Roemer, 1850), an Early Carboniferous seep-related rhynchonellide brachiopod from the Harz Mountains, Germany - A possible successor to Dzieduszyckia?

A new genus Ibergirhynchia, a member of the rhynchonellide superfamily Dimerelloidea, is described for the species Terebratula contraria Roemer, 1850, from Early Carboniferous deposits of the Harz Mountains, Germany. Ibergirhynchia contraria is from a monospecific brachiopod limestone that formed on top of the drowned Devonian Iberg Reef which persisted as a seamount during Famennian and Early Carboniferous times. Ibergirhynchia contraria is considered a cold seep-related brachiopod based on this locality. Such seep associations have been observed for Mesozoic representatives of the rhynchonellide superfamily Dimerelloidea. Ibergirhynchia is considered the first Paleozoic representative of the family Rhynchonellinidae. Ibergirhynchia resembles Dzieduszyckia externally and may be derived from this dimerelloid.

Interactions between mass balance, atmospheric circulation, and recent climate change on the Djankuat Glacier, Caucasus Mountains, Russia

This paper reports recent changes in the mass balance record from the Djankuat Glacier, central greater Caucasus, Russia, and investigates possible relationships between the components of mass balance, local climate, and distant atmospheric forcing. The results clearly show that a strong warming signal has emerged in the central greater Caucasus, particularly since the 1993/1994 mass balance year, and this has led to a significant increase in the summer ablation of Djankuat. At the same time, there has been no compensating consistent increase in winter precipitation and accumulation leading to the strong net loss of mass and increase in glacier runoff. Interannual variability in ablation and accumulation is partly associated with certain major patterns of Northern Hemisphere climatic variability. The positive phase of the North Pacific (NP) teleconnection pattern forces negative geopotential height and temperature anomalies over the Caucasus in summer and results in reduced summer melt, such as in the early 1990s, when positive NP extremes resulted in a temporary decline in ablation rates. The positive phase of the NP is related to El Nino-Southern Oscillation, and it is possible that a teleconnection between the tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures and summer air temperatures in the Caucasus is bridged through the NP pattern. More recently, the NP pattern was predominantly negative, and this distant moderating forcing on summer ablation in the Caucasus was absent. Statistically significant correlations are observed between accumulation and the Scandinavian (SCA) teleconnection pattern. The frequent occurrence of the positive SCA phase at the beginning of accumulation season results in lower than average snowfall and reduced accumulation. The relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Arctic Oscillation, and accumulation is weak, although positive precipitation anomalies in the winter months are associated with the negative phase of the NAO. A stronger positive correlation is observed between accumulation on Djankuat and geopotential height over the Bay of Biscay unrelated to the established modes of the Northern Hemisphere climatic variability. These results imply that the mass balance of Djankuat is sensitive to the natural variability in the climate system. Distant forcing, however, explains only 16% of the variance in the ablation record and cannot fully explain the recent increase in ablation and negative mass balance.