977 resultados para Mangifera indica L.


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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecno³gico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The tropical soil acidity is one of the main limiting factors for crop productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of application of limestone dose to soil fertility, nutritional status of the crop, and productivity and quality of the fruits of mango, cultivar Keitt. The study was carried out at Selviria, state of Mato Grosso Sul, Brazil, in a Typic Haplustox (pH in CaCl2=4.7), cultivated with mango cultivar Keitt grafted on Coquinho pattern in the production phase (13years old). Treatments were composed of limestone doses (0, 1.55, 3.10, 4.65, and 6.20tha(-1)), arranged in blocks at random with three repetitions. The limestone was applied and incorporated in the surface layer of 0 to 5cm deep in the total area. We evaluated the chemical attributes of the soil [pH, hydrogen (H+) aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), and sum of bases and base saturation] at 16 and 28months after liming (layer 0 to 20cm deep), the nutrition of plants at 12months after liming, and quality of the fruit in two crop years. Liming promoted improvements in soil chemical attributes, reflected in the nutritional status, productivity, and quality of mango fruit. Also, there was a linear effect with the application of lime dose on the productivity of the fruit, but after the second year of evaluation.

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There are many mango cultivars available in different regions. It is about time we analysed their productive behavior in these areas, as well as their phenological performance. This study aimed to evaluate: phenological cycles, thermal time and growth curves of mango fruit cultivars in subtropical conditions. For this study we used the following cultivars: Espada Vermelha, Keitt and Palmer. All the experiments were done at UNESP experimental farm in Sao Manuel (SP), during the agricultural cycle from 2012 to 2013. It was selected 15 branches in each plant, which provided 150 per cultivar. It was determined the number of days of phenological cycles of flowering to fruit ripening, as well as the total number of days to flowering and harvesting. The thermal time was evaluated to each phenological cycle and expressed in accumulation of degree-days. The measurement of the longitudinal diameters (LD) and transverse diameters (TD) of the fruitwere performed in a 12 day’s intervals, from the tenth day after the flowers anthesis, to evaluate the growth curve. Based on the data, it was found that Keitt cultivar requires more days for the fruit to reach physiological maturity and greater accumulation of degree-days to complete its production cycle. The growth curves of the three varieties of fruits have a simple sigmoidal model in function of the days after anthesis.

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The evaluation of the new cultivars adaptation and yield potential of Mangifera indica L. provides tools to assist and improve the mango production in different climates conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the phenological and reproductive development of five mango cultivars (Bourbon, Haden, Palmer, Parwin and Tommy Atkins), on climate conditions in dry land and four production cycles (from 08/2007 to 01/2011), at São Manuel, São Paulo state, Brazil. The variables were total plant height, trunk height, stem diameter and the first insertion diameter, fruits physical characteristics, yield and harvest period, flowering seasonality and morphological characterization of the inflorescences. It was found that the four-year-old plants of Haden cv. reach 4.0 m high and 0.20 m of trunk diameter. Bourbon cultivar had the highest flowering period, from April to October. Tommy Atkins cv. had productivities of 14779.07 kg∙ha−1 in the fourth cycle and the productivity of Bourbon, Haden and Palmer cultivars was alternated.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecno³gico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

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Os solos arenosos apresentam fragilidade estrutural e textural. Atualmente, esses solos vêm sendo amplamente cultivados, com destaque para as culturas de mangueira e videira, em perímetros irrigados da região Nordeste. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar alguns atributos físicos e químicos de um Neossolo Quartzarênico em área cultivada com a cultura da mangueira sob irrigação de longo prazo e uma área de referência (vegetação de caatinga). O estudo foi realizado, em área comercial em Petrolina-PE, Brasil. Foram coletadas amostras de solo em: 1) sob caatinga; 2) sob cultivo de mangueira (Mangifera indica L.), dispostas de forma pareada, em transecto contendo 10 pontos distanciados de 30 m entre si. Amostras compostas foram coletadas nas profundidades (m): 0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; 0,20-0,40; 0,40-0,60; 1,00-1,20; 1,60-1,80, no início do período chuvoso, em novembro de 2011. Em laboratório, determinaram-se a reação do solo pH-H2O, cátions trocáveis (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+), fósforo disponível (P-disp.) e o teor de carbono orgânico total. A CTC a pH 7,0 (T) e a saturação por bases (V%) foram calculadas. Para determinação dos atributos físicos foram coletadas amostras indeformadas, em anéis volumétricos (100 cm3), nas camadas de 0,00- 0,10 m e 0,10-0,20 m. Determinaram-se o teor de água volumétrica na capacidade de campo (? cc), no ponto de murcha permanente (? pmp), densidade do solo, densidade de partículas, o volume de macro e de microporos e poros totais. A água disponível foi calculada pela diferença entre (? cc) e (? pmp). Os resultados indicam elevação do pH-H2O, K+, P-disp, Ca2+ e V% em área de fruticultura irrigada, em especial, na camada de 0,00-0,10 m do solo e menores teores de Al3+. A adubação com potássio e fósforo, em sistemas irrigados de produção de manga incrementa a translocação desses nutrientes para camadas profundas do solo. O cultivo de mangueira irrigada após 20 anos promoveu redução do volume de macroporos na camada de 0,0-0,10 m do solo. No entanto, não foi suficiente para indicar um grau acentuado de compactação. Os atributos químicos e físicos se correlacionaram de forma linear e positiva com os teores de carbono orgânico. Isso demonstra a importância de estratégias de manejo que visem o incremento de matéria orgânica do solo, em clima semiárido.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da aplicação de isolados de leveduras como alternativa de controle de patógenos causadores de podridões pós-colheita em manga. O experimento foi realizado no campo experimental Bebedouro, da Embrapa Semiárido em Petrolina, PE, em área com cultivo de mangueira (Mangifera indica L.) ?Kent? com manejo convencional. Após a colheita, os frutos foram higienizados e receberam os tratamentos: 1) Fungicida (tiabendazol 485 g L-1) em dose equivalente a 400 mL 100 L-1; 2) Sacharomyces sp. LF; 3) Pichia kudriavzevii L9; 4) Controle, sem pulverizações. Os frutos foram mantidos em câmara fria (10 ºC) por 21 dias e temperatura ambiente (25 ºC) por 11 dias, com avaliação da incidência e severidade de lesões a cada 2 dias. A aplicação pós-colheita de P. kudriavzevii L9 e Sacharomyces sp. LF reduziu significativamente a incidência de podridões da manga Kent, com eficiência de controle de 31,4% e 48,5%, estatisticamente similar ao fungicida (39,6%). Com a análise da curva de incidência utilizando-se o método de Kaplan-Meyer, observou-se que os frutos tratados apresentaram durabilidade superior a 32 dias e risco de incidência de podridões três vezes menor do que o controle; similar ao tratamento com fungicida.

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The aim of this study was to assess the organic matter changes in quantity and quality, particularly of the humic fraction in the surface layer (0?20 cm), of a Typic Plinthustalf soil under different management of plant mixtures used as green manure for mango (Mangifera indica L.) crops. The plant mixtures, which were seeded between rows of mango trees, were formed by two groups of leguminous and non -leguminous plants. Prior to sowing, seeds were combined in different proportions and compositions constituting the following treatments: 100% non-leguminous species (NL); 100% leguminous species (L); 75% L and 25% NL; 50% L and 50% NL; 25% L and 75% NL; and 100% spontaneous vegetation, considered a control. The plant mixtures that grew between rows of mango trees caused changes in the chemical composition of the soil organic matter, especially for the treatments 50% L and 50% NL and 25% L and 75% NL, which increased the content of humic substances in the soil organic matter. However, the treatment 25% L and 75% NL was best at minimising loss of total organic carbon from the soil. The humic acids studied have mostly aliphatic characteristics, showing large amounts of carboxylic and nitrogen groups and indicating that most of the organic carbon was formed by humic substances, with fulvic acid dominating among the alkali soluble fractions.

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Mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees stand out among the main fruit trees cultivated in Brazil. The mango rosa fruit is a very popular local variety (landrace), especially because of their superior technological characteristics such as high contents of Vitamin C and soluble solids (SS), as well as attractive taste and color. The objective of this study was to select a breeding population of mango rosa (polyclonal variety; ≥5 individuals) that can simultaneously meet the fresh and processed fruit Vmarkets, using the multivariate method of principal components and the biplot graphic.