Estudo experimental da indução magnética

This work will discuss how magnetic fields can be produced, either generated by magnets, natural, artificial, or even by an electric current going through a wire, as discovered by Oersted. Besides the theoretical content, experimental studies on magnetic induction and on the Laws of Faraday and Lenz will be performed. In the Magnetic Induction experiment, the electromotive force generated by varying the flow of the field B in a solenoid, depending on the variation of the current intensity and frequency associated with it will be measured; the experiment on the Laws of Faraday and Lenz the electromotive force produced by the relative movement of the magnet in relation to a coil. Thus, this study experimental verification of magnetic induction using solenoids and magnets; analysis of magnetic induction by Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law

Caracterização de sedimentos do testemunho NAP61-1 da plataforma continental da bacia de Santos por meio de susceptibilidade magnética

A parameter commonly used in investigations of environmental magnetism is the magnetic susceptibility (MS), which is the quantitative measure of the ability of magnetization of a specific material in the presence of an induced magnetic field. The present study aimed to determine the magnetic susceptibility of sediments collected on the continental shelf near the Santos Basin, southeast of the São Sebastião island (25°57.97’S 45°07.81'W), seeking to identify the possible source area of terrigenous sediments and the flow patterns of siliciclastic sediment yield in the area. It was used particle size analysis and contents of organic matter and calcium carbonate to characterize the sediments, besides paleomagnetism parameters. The analyzed material - core NAP61-1 - was collected using the piston corer sampler in 60 meters water depth, recovering 3.98 meters of sediment core. As from experiments, cyclicity was observed in relative abundance between sand and silt, most likely due to rapid and cyclical variations in the depositional environment. In general, the MS values are low, and show that the sand supply (terrigenous material) has a certain consistency, probably having the same origin. More absolute age is still necessary to establish clearly the events marked here

Estudo da técnica de ressonância magnética para algumas aplicações voltadas à neurologia e à neurociência

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is studied since 1938, is a technique used in medicine to produce high quality images from inside the human body. These images are produced non-invasively and without ionizing radiation. In addition, MRI is an extremely flexible technique, with which it is possible to produce images with different contrasts that provide different information about the anatomy, structure and function of the human body, and it is therefore one of the techniques preferred by radiologists. The phenomenon of MRI is based on the interaction of magnetic fields with the nuclear spins of the scanned sample. In this work a detailed study of the technique of magnetic resonance imaging is presented, with a description of the main features of the images produced by the technique and an analysis of its application to the fields of applications Neurology and Neuroscience

Magnetoterapia na cicatrização de feridas

Nowadays less invasive and “toxic” techniques are being searched, not only for the environment but also for the human and animal organisms themselves. So between the numerous studied and used techniques to help the tissue healing process there is the ‘Magnet Therapy’. The aim of the present study was to

Experimentos com frenagem eletromagnética

In this work we study the behavior of the falling motion of neodymium magnets, inside conductive a metallic duct made of copper, aluminum, brass and bronze. We obtain, analyze and present results involving relationships between material and dynamical properties of falling neodymium magnets with the mechanical and electrical properties of conductive materials, such as mass, electrical resistivity, electrical conductivity, length and external diameter

Uso de aptâmeros na sexagem de sêmen bovino

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Inserção de conceitos e experimentos físicos nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: uma análise à luz da teoria de vigotski

In this paper, we analyze the educational importance of teaching Physics in the early grades of elementary school from a teaching experience with students of 5th grade, using five experiments on electricity and magnetism. The theoretical framework used was the socio-historical psychology, especially Vigotski's studies on concept formation. It can be stated that the teaching of Physics and the use of experimental activities in the early grades cannot be simply associated to the teaching of certain scientific concepts, but should be explored bearing in mind the child's development.

Estrutura e algumas propriedades ópticas de difenilfosfinatos de terras-raras

Coordination compounds of trivalent lanthanides cations with diphenylphosphinate are originated from direct reaction between a lanthanide salt and diphenylphosphinic acid. These complexes have peculiar and intriguing features, as (i) quickly obtainment through wet process precipitation, (ii) appreciable thermal stability, similar to inorganic phosphates, (iii) polymeric structure, and consequently, (iv) low solubility in both polar and non-polar solvents. Nowadays, coordination polymers are classified as coordination networks or, in case of porous materials, as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). By this study, we aim to determine some optical properties of rare-earth diphenylphosphinate (RE = La3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Lu3+) and conduct an updated classification of these compounds, bringing more details of its structure and the possible proposal of new materials with applications in lighting, detection of ionizing radiation and magnetism. The complexes of trivalent rare-earth cation with diphenylphosphinate were prepared by direct mixture of diphenylphosphinic acid with rare-earth metal chloride, both in ethanolic solution. The solution of diphenylphosphinic acid was kept in a beaker under constant stirring with pH measurements of the solution and gadolinium chloride solution was then dripped slowly with the aid of a burette until its complete addition; the following metal:ligand molar ratios were tested: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1 e 3:1. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and structural techniques. By Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), it was possible to check the total ionization of diphenylphosphinic acid in synthesized complexes, confirmed by the absence of the band type A, B, C related to ѵ(O-H) of the acid (2663 cm-1, 2168 cm-1, 1684 cm-1), as well as the disappearance of ѵ(P-OH)=961 cm-1. Furthermore, the occurrence of bands shifts of ѵ(POO-) [symmetrical and asymmetrical] of...

Estrutura e algumas propriedades ópticas de difenilfosfinatos de terras-raras

Coordination compounds of trivalent lanthanides cations with diphenylphosphinate are originated from direct reaction between a lanthanide salt and diphenylphosphinic acid. These complexes have peculiar and intriguing features, as (i) quickly obtainment through wet process precipitation, (ii) appreciable thermal stability, similar to inorganic phosphates, (iii) polymeric structure, and consequently, (iv) low solubility in both polar and non-polar solvents. Nowadays, coordination polymers are classified as coordination networks or, in case of porous materials, as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). By this study, we aim to determine some optical properties of rare-earth diphenylphosphinate (RE = La3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Lu3+) and conduct an updated classification of these compounds, bringing more details of its structure and the possible proposal of new materials with applications in lighting, detection of ionizing radiation and magnetism. The complexes of trivalent rare-earth cation with diphenylphosphinate were prepared by direct mixture of diphenylphosphinic acid with rare-earth metal chloride, both in ethanolic solution. The solution of diphenylphosphinic acid was kept in a beaker under constant stirring with pH measurements of the solution and gadolinium chloride solution was then dripped slowly with the aid of a burette until its complete addition; the following metal:ligand molar ratios were tested: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1 e 3:1. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and structural techniques. By Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), it was possible to check the total ionization of diphenylphosphinic acid in synthesized complexes, confirmed by the absence of the band type A, B, C related to ѵ(O-H) of the acid (2663 cm-1, 2168 cm-1, 1684 cm-1), as well as the disappearance of ѵ(P-OH)=961 cm-1. Furthermore, the occurrence of bands shifts of ѵ(POO-) [symmetrical and asymmetrical] of...

Aportaciones al método de la celda en el diseño y análisis de un modelo de máquina rotativa trifásica de inducción magnética

Programa de doctorado: Tecnología industrial

Il campo magnetico terrestre: descrizione del campo magnetico terrestre e alcune applicazioni del paleomagnetismo

Con questa tesi ho voluto mettere insieme delle nozioni oggi basilari per chiunque voglia avere un quadro globale del geomagnetismo cercando di essere il più chiaro e esplicativo possibile nell'esposizione sia dal punto di vista matematico che linguistico. Non è stato, comunque, possibile affrontare in soli tre capitoli di tesi tutte le problematiche inerenti a una disciplina così ricca di informazioni e che si è evoluta in modo così rapido negli ultimi anni. La tesi inizia con un'introduzione storica sul magnetismo per passare, attraverso un quadro generale di elettromagnetismo e le equazioni fondamentali di Maxwell, a una descrizione del campo magnetico terrestre e delle sue variazioni spaziotemporali accompagnate da una descrizione dei fenomeni elettrici in atmosfera più importanti del nostro pianeta. Segue poi, nel secondo capitolo, una breve presentazione delle teorie sull'origine del campo e successivamente, tramite la magnetoidrodinamica, si passa alla teoria della dinamo ad autoeccitazione il cui funzionamento è preso come modello, fino ad oggi considerato il più valido, per spiegare le origini del campo magnetico terrestre. Infine, nel terzo ed ultimo capitolo, si parla del rapporto del campo magnetico terrestre con le rocce terrestri che introduce un approfondimento generale sul paleomagnetismo ossia del campo magnetico nel passato e che ruolo svolge nell'ambito della tettonica a placche.

Campi magnetici in astrofisica

In ambito astrofisico i campi magnetici ricoprono un ruolo importante nelle più differenti situazioni. Il seguente elaborato ha lo scopo di approfondire ed analizzare uno tra tutti gli innumerevoli casi: il magnetismo solare. Nel primo capitolo si intoducono quelli che sono i principi della magnetoidrodinamica e in particolare si fa riferimento alle approsimazioni necessarie per lo studio delle interazioni dei campi magnetici con i fluidi astrofisici delle strutture stellari, che, date le elevate temperature a cui si trovano e le loro caratteristiche fisiche, sono sempre trattabili come plasmi. Nel secondo capitolo si illustrano i modelli principali che sono alla base degli aspetti morfologici più importanti delle strutture magnetiche fotosferiche e della loro evoluzione temporale. Si passa, quindi, a descrivere i fenomeni più spettacolari e di maggior interesse astrofisico, che hanno luogo nei diversi strati dell’atmosfera del Sole come conseguenza di questa intensa e ciclica attività magnetica: macchie solari, brillamenti, protuberanze ed eruzioni di massa coronale.

Aprendiendo sobre imanes

En este trabajo, de características exploratorias, se estudia el tema de la interacción a distancia en el caso del magnetismo. Se discuten dos entrevistas realizadas, utilizando imanes, a un sujeto de 9 meses y a uno de 3 años. También se resumen los resultados de una pregunta referente a interacción magnética, tomada a alumnos de nivel secundario. Comentaremos el interés que despierta este tema en todas las edades, desde bebés hasta adolescentes, aunque, obviamente con diferentes características. Se discuten ciertas características de los resultados y las implicaciones para la enseñanza.

Aprendiendo sobre imanes

En este trabajo, de características exploratorias, se estudia el tema de la interacción a distancia en el caso del magnetismo. Se discuten dos entrevistas realizadas, utilizando imanes, a un sujeto de 9 meses y a uno de 3 años. También se resumen los resultados de una pregunta referente a interacción magnética, tomada a alumnos de nivel secundario. Comentaremos el interés que despierta este tema en todas las edades, desde bebés hasta adolescentes, aunque, obviamente con diferentes características. Se discuten ciertas características de los resultados y las implicaciones para la enseñanza.

Texturas en cristales líquidos colestéricos

Estudios morfológicos de las texturas del carbonado oleilo del colesterol (COC) permiten identificar los distintos ordenamientos moleculares de la fase colestérica de este material. Se comprueba la existenoia de dos fases azules cuyas temperaturas de transición se especifican. Se estudian también las texturas de mezclas de C0C con MBBA, resaltando las diferencias entre éstas, correspondientes a un colestérico de paso mayor,y las,del COC puro, colestérico de paso muy pequeño.