Presença de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii em cães com leishmaniose visceral da região de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil

Dogs that had positive and negative sera to Leishmania chagasi from the region of Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated for the presence of anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies as potential co-infecting agents. Blood samples were collected from 204 dogs and out of them 98 were carriers of leishmaniosis. Sera were tested for the presence of anti-L. chagasi antibodies by ELISA, and anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Age, gender, and association between the presences of anti-L. chagasi antibodies and seroprevalence to N. caninum and T. gondii were analyzed by chi-square test. Out of the 204 sera investigated, 36 (17.6%) were positive for N. caninum (IFAT=50) and 75 (36.8%) to T. gondii (IFAT=16) with titers that varied from 50 to 6400 for N. caninum, and from 16 to 16384 for T. gondii. The copresence of anti-L. chagasi, N. caninum and T. gondii antibodies was observed in 17 (8.3%) dogs. Antibodies to N. caninum were observed in four (3.8%) out of 106 dogs that were negative for L. chagasi, and in 32 (32.6%) out of the 98 dogs that were positive for L. chagasi. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were found in 40 (41.0%) and in 35 (33.0%) of the 98 positive dogs and in 106 negative dogs for L. chagasi, respectively. An association between the presence of antibodies against L. chagasi and a positive response to N. caninum (p<0.001) was observed. The gender and age of the dogs did not show an association between the presence of antibodies and any of the agents studied (p>0.05), with the exception of age and presence of anti-L. chagasi antibodies, in which only a slight association was observed (p=0.038). Within this interaction, a higher number of dogs, older than four years, were positive for this agent when compared to other age groups.

Tuberculose e o estudo molecular da sua epidemiologia

Systems that can distinguish epidemiologically-related Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from unrelated ones are extremely valuable. Molecular biology techniques have allowed a great deal of information to be acquired about the infectious disease tuberculosis (TB) that was very hard or impossible to obtain by conventional epidemiology. A typing method based on bacterial DNA genome differences, known as RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), is widely used to discriminate strains in the epidemiologic study of TB. However, RFLP is laborious and there is a tendency to replace it by other methods. Thus, other DNA sequences have been employed as epidemiological markers, as in Spoligotyping, a fast technique based on PCR followed by differential hybridization of amplified products. The polymorphism observed among different isolates is probably the product of strain-dependent recombination. MIRU (mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit) typing is a reproducible and fast assay, involving the generation of genotypes based on the study of 12 loci containing VNTRs (variable-number tandem repeats) in strains of the M. tuberculosis complex. It compares strains from different geographic areas and allows the movement of individual lineages to be tracked, as in RFLP. This approach enables a greater number of isolates to be analyzed, leading to the identification of a larger number of foci of transmission within the population and thus to improved ways of slowing the progress of the disease.

Ocorrência de leishmaniose em gatos de área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral

Despite the description of several cases of feline leishmaniasis around the world, little information is available about the importance of the cat as a reservoir of the disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of leishmaniasis in cats from an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Two hundred cats were included in this study. Infection was evaluated through the presence of amastigotes in stained smears from fine-needle aspirates of lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen and liver, and by antibody reactivity against Leishmania chagasi using indirect ELISA. Our results showed a prevalence of infection in 14.5% (31/200) of the feline population studied, with 4% (8/200) of positivity by parasitological diagnosis and 11.5% (23/200) by serology.

Epidemiologia do Padrão Face Longa em escolares do Ensino Fundamental do município de Bauru - SP

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to classify and determine the prevalence of individuals with vertical alteration of facial relationships, according to the severity of discrepancy, especially individuals with long face pattern. METHODS: The sample was composed of 5,020 individuals of Brazilian nationality, of both genders, aged 10 years to 16 years and 11 months, attending fundamental schools at the city of Bauru-SP. Examination of facial morphology comprised direct observation of the face in frontal and lateral views, always with the lips at rest, aiming to identify the individuals presenting vertical alteration of facial relationships. After identification, these individuals were scored, according to severity, into three subtypes, namely mild, moderate and severe. The prevalence of individuals with long face pattern considered only the individuals scored as subtypes moderate and severe. RESULTS: There was prevalence of 34.94% of vertical alteration of facial relationships and 14.06% of long face pattern. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this study revealed that the prevalence of vertical alteration of facial relationships and long face pattern was higher than reported in the literature.

Estudo soroepidemiológico de leishmaniose em equinos na região de Araçatuba-SP, Brasil, área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral

The aim of the present study was to perform a leishmaniasis survey in horses from Araçatuba, São Paulo, an endemic area of Brazil. Of the 466 horses tested for the presence of anti-Leishmania chagasi titers by ELISA, 68 (14.59%) were seropositive, with titers varying between 0.324 and 0.813. ELISA positive samples were also tested by immunocromatography and 19/466 (4.08%) were positive. The results of the present study indicated that equines are in contact and can attract phlebotomines, and highlight the necessity of a more accurate investigation on the role played by the horses living in endemic areas, in order to help to control the spread of the illness.

Estudo da imunopatogenia das lesões no sistema nervoso central de cães naturalmente acometidos por leishmaniose visceral

Visceral leishmaniasis in dogs is described as a chronic disease whose main symptoms are progressive weigth loss, cachexy and dermatologic lesions. Recently, the disease has been associated to neurologic disorders. A total of 40 dogs with visceral leishmaniasis were divided into two groups. The first composed of dogs without neurological signs (n=30) and the second by dogs with neurological disorders (n=10). Brain samples were collected, stored in 10% buffered formalin and subjected to immunohistochemical examination for amastigotes forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi, CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and macrophages. Imunnohistochemistry evaluation revealed no amastigote forms of the parasite. CD3+ T lymphocytes were present in 24/30 (80%) dogs without neurological signs and in all dogs from the second group (p=0.0011). CD4+ and CD8+ were rarely observed, with CD4+ immunostaining in 10/40 (25%) dogs, from which half of them had neurological disease (p=0.0090). The presence of CD8+ was detected only in 4/10 (40%) dogs from neurological group (p=0.0021). Macrophages were detected in 38/40 (95%) dogs, without significant differences between groups (p=0.7664).

Epidemiologia de Otodectes cynotis (Acari: Sarcoptiformes) e sua associação com a infecção por Malassezia pachydermatis (Cryptococcales: cryptococcaceae) no canal auditivo de cães naturalmente infectados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Epidemiologia de doenças infecciosas: cólera e doença do caranguejo letárgico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Epidemiologia das reações transfusionais imediatas no Hospital Amaral Carvalho de Jaú

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Morcegos como hospedeiros de Leishmania spp. em área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Células CD4+FOXP3+ produzem lL-10 no baço de cães com leishmaniose visceral

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Avaliação histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica do miocárdio de cães com leishmaniose visceral: Fernando Azadinho Rosa. -

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Hipertensão arterial sistêmica e sua correlação com as lesões renais de cães naturalmente acometidos por leishmaniose visceral

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Correlação entre a presença de antígenos de Leishmania sp, linfócitos T CD3+ e B CD79+ e alterações histopatológicas no tecido renal de cães com leishmaniose visceral

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Expressão da glicoproteína-p e da mrp1 em tecidos de cães portadores de leishmaniose visceral

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)