Die Krise der Wiener Judenschaft

von Samuel Krauss

Studien zur byzantinisch-jüdischen Geschichte

von Samuel Krauss

Festschrift Adolf Schwarz zum siebzigsten Geburtstage 15. Juli 1916 gewidmet von Freunden und Schülern

hrsg. von Samuel Krauss

Synagogale Altertümer

von Samuel Krauss

Zur griechischen und lateinischen Lexikographie aus jüdischen Quellen

Giessen, Univ., Diss., 1893

Comparison of GOCE-GPS gravity fields derived by different approaches

Several techniques have been proposed to exploit GNSS-derived kinematic orbit information for the determination of long-wavelength gravity field features. These methods include the (i) celestial mechanics approach, (ii) short-arc approach, (iii) point-wise acceleration approach, (iv) averaged acceleration approach, and (v) energy balance approach. Although there is a general consensus that—except for energy balance—these methods theoretically provide equivalent results, real data gravity field solutions from kinematic orbit analysis have never been evaluated against each other within a consistent data processing environment. This contribution strives to close this gap. Target consistency criteria for our study are the input data sets, period of investigation, spherical harmonic resolution, a priori gravity field information, etc. We compare GOCE gravity field estimates based on the aforementioned approaches as computed at the Graz University of Technology, the University of Bern, the University of Stuttgart/Austrian Academy of Sciences, and by RHEA Systems for the European Space Agency. The involved research groups complied with most of the consistency criterions. Deviations only occur where technical unfeasibility exists. Performance measures include formal errors, differences with respect to a state-of-the-art GRACE gravity field, (cumulative) geoid height differences, and SLR residuals from precise orbit determination of geodetic satellites. We found that for the approaches (i) to (iv), the cumulative geoid height differences at spherical harmonic degree 100 differ by only ≈10 % ; in the absence of the polar data gap, SLR residuals agree by ≈96 % . From our investigations, we conclude that real data analysis results are in agreement with the theoretical considerations concerning the (relative) performance of the different approaches.

Joachim Edler von Popper : ein Zeit- und Lebensbild aus der Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen

von Samuel Krauss

David Kaufmann : eine Biographie

von Samuel Krauß

Grassland management intensification weakens the associations among the diversities of multiple plant and animal taxa

Land-use intensification is a key driver of biodiversity change. However, little is known about how it alters relationships between the diversities of different taxonomic groups, which are often correlated due to shared environmental drivers and trophic interactions. Using data from 150 grassland sites, we examined how land-use intensification (increased fertilization, higher livestock densities, and increased mowing frequency) altered correlations between the species richness of 15 plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate taxa. We found that 54% of pairwise correlations between taxonomic groups were significant and positive among all grasslands, while only one was negative. Higher land-use intensity substantially weakened these correlations (35% decrease in r and 43% fewer significant pairwise correlations at high intensity), a pattern which may emerge as a result of biodiversity declines and the breakdown of specialized relationships in these conditions. Nevertheless, some groups (Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera) were consistently correlated with multidiversity, an aggregate measure of total biodiversity comprised of the standardized diversities of multiple taxa, at both high and low land-use intensity. The form of intensification was also important; increased fertilization and mowing frequency typically weakened plant–plant and plant–primary consumer correlations, whereas grazing intensification did not. This may reflect decreased habitat heterogeneity under mowing and fertilization and increased habitat heterogeneity under grazing. While these results urge caution in using certain taxonomic groups to monitor impacts of agricultural management on biodiversity, they also suggest that the diversities of some groups are reasonably robust indicators of total biodiversity across a range of conditions. Read More: http://www.esajournals.org/doi/10.1890/14-1307.1

IL-9 and its receptor are predominantly involved in the pathogenesis of UC.

OBJECTIVE Several pathogenic roles attributed over the past two decades to either T helper (Th)1 or Th2 cells are increasingly becoming associated with interleukin (IL)-17 and most recently IL-9 signalling. However, the implication of IL-9 in IBD has not been addressed so far. DESIGN We investigated the expression of IL-9 and IL-9R by using peripheral blood, biopsies and surgical samples. We addressed the functional role of IL-9 signalling by analysis of downstream effector proteins. Using Caco-2 cell monolayers we followed the effect of IL-9 on wound healing. RESULTS IL-9 mRNA expression was significantly increased in inflamed samples from patients with UC as compared with controls. CD3(+) T cells were major IL-9-expressing cells and some polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) also expressed IL-9. IL-9 was co-localised with the key Th9 transcription factors interferon regulatory factor 4 and PU.1. Systemically, IL-9 was abundantly produced by activated peripheral blood lymphocytes, whereas its receptor was overexpressed on gut resident and circulating PMN. IL-9 stimulation of the latter induced IL-8 production in a dose-dependent manner and rendered PMN resistant to apoptosis suggesting a functional role for IL-9R signalling in the propagation of gut inflammation. Furthermore, IL-9R was overexpressed on gut epithelial cells and IL-9 induced STAT5 activation in these cells. Moreover, IL-9 inhibited the growth of Caco-2 epithelial cell monolayers in wound healing experiments. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that IL-9 is predominantly involved in the pathogenesis of UC suggesting that targeting IL-9 might become a therapeutic option for patients with UC.

Griechische und lateinische Lehnwörter im Talmud, Midrasch und Targum : preisgekrönte Lösung der Lattes'schen Preisfrage

Samuel Krauss. Mit Bemerkungen von Immanuel Löw

Kundmachung: Das Militär erhält hiermit den Befehl, sogleich abzuziehen ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Bewilligung der von den Barrikadenkämpfern erhobenen Forderungen: Abzug des Militärs sowie Inaussichtstellung von Arbeitsbeschaffungsmaßnahmen

Kundmachung an die Patrimonial-Behörden und Beamten: In dem Gesetze vom 7. September 1848 über die Aufhebung des Unterthänigkeitsverbandes ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Anweisung an die Patrimonialbehörden nach dem Wegfall ihrer bislang vom Untertänigkeitsverband aufgebrachten Bezüge, die Gerichtsbarkeit sowie die politische Amtsverwaltung bis zur Einrichtung landesfürstlicher Behörden auf Staatskosten provisorisch fortzuführen. Nebst Ausführungsbestimmungen

Kundmachung an das Landvolk: Durch das im constitutionellen Wege erflossene Gesetz vom 7. September 1848 ist das Unterthänigkeits-Verhältniß sammt den daraus entspringenden Lasten aufgehoben worden ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Aufruf an die Landbevölkerung, den Anordnungen und Entscheidungen der Patrimonialbehörden Folge zu leisten, die nach der Aufhebung der Untertänigkeit noch bis zum Zeitpunkt der Einrichtung landesfürstlicher Behörden tätig sind. Nebst Ausführungsbestimmungen