982 resultados para Krause, Karl Christian Friedrich, 1781-1832,


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Inner ear pathologies are associated with major morbidity and loss of life quality in affected patients. In many of these conditions, production of reactive oxygen-species (ROS) is thought to be a key pathological mechanism. While the sources of ROS are complex (including for example mitochondria), there is increasing evidence that activation of NOX enzymes, in particular NOX3, plays a key role. NOX3 is a multi-subunit NADPH oxidase, functionally and structurally closely related to NOX1 and NOX2. In both the vestibular and the cochlear compartments of the inner ear, high levels of NOX3 mRNA are expressed. In NOX3 mutant mice, the vestibular function is perturbed due to a lack of otoconia, while only minor alterations of hearing have been documented. However, there is increasing evidence that activation of NOX3 through drugs, noise and probably also aging, leads to hearing loss. Thus, NOX3 is an interesting target to treat and prevent inner ear pathologies and a few first animal models based on drug - or molecular therapy have been reported. So far however, there are no specific NOX3 inhibitors with a documented penetration into the inner ear. Nevertheless, certain antioxidants and non-specific NOX inhibitors diminish hearing loss in animal models. Development of small molecules inhibitors or molecular strategies against NOX3 could improve specificity and efficiency of redox-targeted treatments. In this review, we will discuss arguments for the involvement of NOX3 in inner ear pathologies and therapeutic approaches to target NOX3 activity.

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von C. F. Wurm

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Christian Friedrich Bernhardt Augustin

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Background In patients with autoimmune diseases associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, precise management of anticoagulation during extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is complicated. It was the aim of the present study to determine whether antifactor Xa (aXa) activity is useful in guiding heparin therapy during ECC. Methods In 15 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin (UFH) and its reversal with protamine were guided using activated clotting time (ACT) (>400 second during ECC; ≤100 second for UFH reversal). For each ACT, the corresponding aXa activity levels were measured. Results A total of 144 blood samples were obtained. ACT and aXa activity were significantly correlated (r = 0.771, p< 0.0001, Spearman rank-order correlation). Using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses, the cutoffvalues for aXa activity were 1.14 IU/mL (area under the ROC curve [AUC]: 0.89; inaccuracy rate: 9.4%) to predict ACT > 400 seconds and 0.55 IU/mL (AUC: 0.85; inaccuracy rate: 13.3%) for ACT ≤ 100 seconds. Conclusion AXa activity is strongly correlated with ACT, and therefore may be feasible for managing anticoagulation with UFH during ECC.

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[Verf.: Karl Marx ; Friedrich Engels]

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von Karl Christian Wolf

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von Christian Friedrich Schnurrer

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[Verf.: Christian Friedrich Moeller]

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Hans Hildebrandt, "Der Kunstunterricht an Hochschulen", Typoskript, 2 Blatt; "Das Wirtschaftsprinzip", Typoskript, 3 Blatt (GS 11, S. 13-16); "Betr. Scheler - Sombart", Manuskript, 2 Blatt; "Zur Psychologie des Denkens nach Benno Erdmann", Manuskript, 2 Blatt, davon 1 leer; "Zur Phänomenologie der Erkenntnis", Typoskript, 3 Blatt; "Zu Kants Kritik der Urteilskraft", Typoskript mir eigenhändigen Korrekturen, 5 Blatt (GS 11, S. 70-75); "Naturwissenschaftliche Methode und Erkenntnistheorie. Über Kant", Typoskript mit zahlreichen eigenhändigen Notizen, 2 Blatt; "Beantwortung der Frage: Was heißt vom Standpunkt des Transcendentalen Idealismus aus die Behauptung, daß die materielle Entwicklung der Entwicklung des Bewußtseins vorhergegangen ist?", Typoskript, 3 Blatt (GS 11, S. 17-21); "Sprache und Denken", Typoskript, 8 Seiten (GS 11, S. 119-132); "Psychologie und Erkenntnistheorie", Typoskript, 2 Blatt; "Zu David Hume", Typoskript, 3 Blatt; "Wie ist das Bewußtsein einer Mehrheit von Gegenständen möglich?", Typoskript, 6 Blatt; "Gegenstand der Psychologie nach Cornelius", Typoskript, 2 Blatt; "Psychologie und Philosophie bei Hume und Cornelius", Typoskript, 12 Blatt; "Das Wiedererkennen", Typoskript von 19.12.1919, 8 Blatt; Exzerpte über: Gustav Landauer, Arthur Wolfgang Cohn, Karl Vorländer, Friedrich Engels, Karl Kautsky, L. B. Boudin, Karl Marx, Arthur Schopenhauer, 1 Heft, Manuskript, 42 Blatt; Manuskript, 1 Heft, 13 Blatt, davon 1 leer;

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O jornalismo é um dos principais meios de oferta de temas para a discussão e formação da opinião pública, porém depende de um sistema técnico para ser transmitido. Durante mais de cem anos as informações produzidas pela imprensa foram emitidas, armazenadas, transmitidas e recebidas pelos chamados veículos de comunicação de massa que utilizam a rede centralizada cujas características estão na escassez material, produção em série e massificação. Esse sistema separa no tempo e no espaço emissores e receptores criando uma relação desigual de força em que as grandes empresas controlaram o fluxo informativo, definindo quais fatos seriam veiculados como notícia. Em 1995, a internet cuja informação circula sob a tecnologia da rede distribuída, foi apropriada pela sociedade, alterando a forma de produção, armazenamento e transmissão de informação. A tecnologia despertou a esperança de que esta ferramenta poderia proporcionar uma comunicação mais dialógica e democrática. Mas aos poucos pode-se perceber novas empresas se apropriando da tecnologia da rede distribuída sob a qual circula a internet, gerando um novo controle do fluxo informativo. Realizou-se nessa pesquisa um levantamento bibliográfico para estabelecer uma reflexão crítica dos diferentes intermediários entre fato e a notícia tanto da rede centralizada como na rede distribuída, objetivando despertar uma discussão que possa oferecer novas ideias para políticas, bem como alternativas para uma comunicação mais democrática e mais libertária.

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This folder contains eight bills and receipts including five receipts for payment by William Croswell for the costs of boarding Croswell's brother Nathaniel.

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This folder contains four receipts.

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This folder contains three receipts.