Information Guide: France

A guide to information sources on the Republic of France, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites (For other language versions of this record click on the original url)

Information Guide: Iceland. November 2015

A guide to information sources on Iceland, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites.

Information Guide: Lithuania. January 2016

A guide to information sources on Lithuania, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites.

Information Guide: Sweden. January 2017

A guide to information sources on the Kingdom of Sweden, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites (For other language versions of this record click on the original url)

Information Guide: Public health

A guide to information sources on the EU's public health policy, with hyperlinks to further sources of information within European Sources Online and on external websites.

Information Guide: The EU Budget

A guide to information sources on the European Union’s budget, with hyperlinks to further sources of information within European Sources Online and on external websites

Information Guide: Elections in Europe

A guide to information sources on elections that have taken place in European countries in 2015, with hyperlinks to further sources of information within European Sources Online and on external websites

Information Guide: Euroscepticism

A guide to information sources on Euroscepticism, with hyperlinks to further sources of information within European Sources Online and on external websites

Information Guide: European migration challenges, June 2016 edition

This presentation helps you find information on all aspects of the migration challenges facing Europe during 2015-16. This includes hyperlinks to the relevant pages on the websites of the key EU Institutions and Agencies, other international organisations and NGOs, news and analysis information sources, plus the situation in individual countries.

Information Guide: Regionalism and separatism in the European Union

A brief bibliography of information sources about current issues of regionalism and separatism in the European Union with a particular focus on Catalonia, Flanders and Scotland. This guide has been compiled in connection with the event Regionalism and Separatism in the European Union held in the Cardiff EDC on 21 February 2013.

Information Guide: Funding from the European Union

A guide to information sources on funding opportunities from the European Union, with hyperlinks to further sources of information within European Sources Online and on external websites

Information Guide: The Brexit Debate

A guide to information sources on the 'Brexit Debate' in the United Kingdom - the decision to hold a referendum in the United Kingdom on the 23 June 2016 as to whether the country should remain or leave the European Union. The guide is a structured listing of information sources from the EU, the UK government, UK Parliament, the main campaigning groups, think tanks, news sources and other sources on this important topic. Note that the images within the guide are all hyperlinks to the full text of the sources. The guides is being constantly updated during 2016.

Improved detection in CDMA for biased sources

We consider the detection of biased information sources in the ubiquitous code-division multiple-access (CDMA) scheme. We propose a simple modification to both the popular single-user matched-filter detector and a recently introduced near-optimal message-passing-based multiuser detector. This modification allows for detecting modulated biased sources directly with no need for source coding. Analytical results and simulations with excellent agreement are provided, demonstrating substantial improvement in bit error rate in comparison with the unmodified detectors and the alternative of source compression. The robustness of error-performance improvement is shown under practical model settings, including bias estimation mismatch and finite-length spreading codes. © 2007 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Drug information in general practice pharmacy

The drug information sources currently available to general practice pharmacists have been identified. The use of and attitudes to these sources were assessed as well as the perceived information needs of practising pharmacists. The special requirements of women pharmacists and pharmacists working part-time were studied. The relationship of the medical representative as an information source for pharmacists was evaluated. Participation in continuing education programmes as a vital means of ensuring current information awareness and knowledge for the practising profession has been considered. Investigations were mainly pursued by questionnaire survey, while computer facilities were used for the processing and the analyses of data. The desirability of collated and evaluated information from one or more independent authoritative sources has been discussed. The increasing advisory role of the general practice pharmacist and the needs of the patient and potential customer have been discussed, with projections for the pharmacist's future health care contribution.

The impact of drug information on the prescribing of drugs

Using prescription analyses and questionnaires, the way drug information was used by general medical practitioners during the drug adoption process was studied. Three new drugs were considered; an innovation and two 'me-too' products. The innovation was accepted by general practitioners via a contagion process, information passing among doctors. The 'me-too' preparations were accepted more slowly and by a process which did not include the contagion effect. 'Industrial' information such as direct mail was used more at the 'awareness' stage of the adoption process while 'professional' sources of information such as articles in medical journals were used more to evaluate a new product. It was shown that 'industrial' information was preferred by older single practice doctors who did not specialise, had a first degree only and who did not dispense their own prescriptions. Doctors were divided into early and late-prescribers by using the date they first prescribed the innovatory drug. Their approach to drug information sources was further studied and it was shown that the early-prescriber issued slightly more prescriptions per month, had a larger list size, read fewer journals and generally rated industrial sources of information more highly than late-prescribers. The prescribing habits of three consultant rheumatologists were analysed and compared with those of the general practitioners in the community which they served. Very little association was noted and the influence of the consultant on the prescribing habits of general practitioners was concluded to be low. The consultants influence was suggested to be of two components, active and passive; the active component being the most influential. Journal advertising and advertisement placement were studied for one of the 'me-too' drugs. It was concluded that advertisement placement should be based on the reading patterns of general practitioners and not on ad-hoc data gathered by representatives as was the present practice. A model was proposed relating the 'time to prescribe' a new drug to the variables suggested throughout this work. Four of these variables were shown to be significant. These were, the list size, the medical age of the prescriber, the number of new preparations prescribed in a given time and the number of partners in the practice.