Burning of the Caroline (1840)

Message from the President of the United States, transmitting correspondence in relation to the burning of the steamboat Caroline.

Tussis convulsiva illustrata passim observationibus et epidermis salisburgensibus annorum 1816-1840 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Der briefwechsel zwischen Friedrich Engels und Karl Marx, 1844 bis 1883;

Mode of access: Internet.

Kaschmir und das reich der Siek /

Vol. 4 in 2 parts (paged continuously) with special title-pages dated 1842 and 1844, and general title-page dated 1848.

Jahrbücher des Fränkischen reiches unter Karl dem Grossen,

Mode of access: Internet.

Entwicklung des ifflandischen Spiels in vierzehn Darstellungen auf dem weimarischen Hoftheater im Aprillmonath 1796.

Spine title: Böttiger. Iffland.

Andrienne Pauline Macaire (1796-1855): una artista en los márgenes

Durante el siglo XIX diversos artistas europeos emprendieron el viaje hacia diferentes puntos del continente americano. Entre ellos, mucho se dedicaron a la litografía, logrando en ciertos casos un amplio éxito comercial. Este artículo examina la trayectoria de la artista ginebrina Andrienne Pauline Macaire (1796-1855), dueña junto a su esposo de un temprano emprendimiento litográfico en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Macaire puede ser considerada la primera artista profesional de renombre activa en esa ciudad. En efecto, es posible diferenciar su trayectoria de las de otras artistas contemporáneas, de las cuales se dispone de menos información y de las que han sobrevivido menos obras. En una primera parte del texto se analiza su inscripción en la literatura artística nacional. A continuación, se describe su formación en Ginebra y se estudia su importante actividad en Buenos Aires, estableciendo conexiones con el panorama artístico local. A lo largo del artículo se presentan obras y fuentes inéditas, o insuficientemente exploradas, a fin de justipreciar su carrera artística y de brindar elementos para futuras investigaciones.

Disabled Revolutionary War Veterans and the Construction of Disability in the Early United States, c. 1776-1840

This thesis addresses the following broad research question: what did it mean to be a disabled Revolutionary War veteran in the early United States during the period from 1776 to roughly 1840? The study approaches the question from two angles: a state-centred one and an experiential one. In both cases, the theoretical framework employed comes from disability studies. Consequently, disability is regarded as a sociocultural phenomenon rather than a medical condition. The state-centred dimension of the study explores the meaning of disability and disabled veterans to the early American state through an examination of the major military pension laws of the period. An analysis of this legislation, particularly the invalid pension acts of 1793 and 1806, indicates that the early United States represents a key period in the development of the modern disability category. The experiential approach, in contrast, shifts the focus of attention away from the state towards the lived experiences of disabled veterans. It seeks to address the issue of whether or not the disabilities of disabled veterans had any significant material impact on their everyday lives. It does this through a comparison of the situation of 153 disabled veterans with that of an equivalent number of nondisabled veterans. The former group received invalid pensions while the latter did not. In comparing the material conditions of disabled and nondisabled veterans, a wide range of primary sources from military records to memoirs and letters are used. The most important sources in this regard are the pension application papers submitted by veterans in the early nineteenth century. These provide us with a unique insight into the everyday lives of veterans. Looking at the issue of experience through the window of the pension files reveals that there was not much difference in the broad contours of disabled and nondisabled veteran life. This finding has implications for the theorisation of disability that are highlighted and discussed in the thesis. The main themes covered in this study are: the wartime experiences of injured American soldiers, the military pension establishment of the early United States and the legal construction of disability, and the post-war working and family lives of disabled veterans. Keywords: disability, early America, veterans, military pensions, disabled people, Revolutionary War, United States, disability theory.

Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science - And the Evolution of the Popperian Worlds

This doctoral thesis in theoretical philosophy is a systematic analysis of Karl Popper's philosophy of science and its relation to his theory of three worlds. The general aim is to study Popper's philosophy of science and to show that Popper's theory of three worlds was a restatement of his earlier positions. As a result, a new reading of Popper's philosophy and development is offered and the theory of three worlds is analysed in a new manner. It is suggested that the theory of three worlds is not purely an ontological theory, but has a profound epistemological motivation. In Part One, Popper's epistemology and philosophy of science is analysed. It is claimed that Popper's thinking was bifurcated: he held two profound positions without noticing the tension between them. Popper adopted the position called the theorist around 1930 and focused on the logical structure of scientific theories. In Logik der Forschung (1935), he attempted to build a logic of science on the grounds that scientific theories may be regarded as universal statements which are not verifiable but can be falsified. Later, Popper emphasized another position, called here the processionalist. Popper focused on the study of science as a process and held that a) philosophy of science should study the growth of knowledge and that b) all cognitive processes are constitutive. Moreover, the constitutive idea that we see the world in the searchlight of our theories was combined with the biological insight that knowledge grows by trial and error. In Part Two, the theory of three worlds is analysed systematically. The theory is discussed as a cluster of theories which originate from Popper's attempt to solve some internal problems in his thinking. Popper adhered to realism and wished to reconcile the theorist and the processionalist. He also stressed the real and active nature of the human mind, and the possibility of objective knowledge. Finally, he wished to create a scientific world view.

Karl Gottschalk and Elisbeth nee Steinfeld with their son Rudolf Gottschalk (later Grahame) and son Fritz Gottschalk (Levy) of Lisbeth's first marriage.

Rudolf Gottschalk (later Grahame) on right; Fritz Gottschalk (Levy) on left

Portrait of Karl Gottschalk.

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Karl Gottschalk and Elisbeth nee Steinfeld with their son Rudolf Gottschalk (later Grahame) and son Fritz Gottschalk (Levy) of Lisbeth's first marriage.

Rudolf Gottschalk (later Grahame) on right; Fritz Gottschalk (Levy) on left

House of Karl Gottschalk on Richard-Wagner-Strasse; Hannover, Germany.

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House of Karl Gottschalk on Richard-Wagner-Strasse; Hannover, Germany.

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