La formule coopérative : outil de réinsertion sociale pour personnes marginalisées?

Dans une ville comme Montréal, située dans un continent qui se dit développé et industrialisé, est-il normal que plus de quinze mille personnes (Fournier:1991) n'aient pas accès à une vie décente? Est-il normal que de plus en plus de personnes soient exclues du marché du travail et sans espoir d'y retourner un jour? Bien sûr, nous retrouvons plusieurs organismes qui offrent des services de première ligne (gîte, nourriture, vêtements); mais est-ce suffisant pour qu'une personne humaine retrouve sa dignité et puisse vivre avec des ressources adéquates? Ces organismes guidés par la «charité humaine» et gérés souvent par des communautés religieuses n'offrent pas d'alternatives à l'itinérance afin de diminuer le nombre de personnes vivant dans cette situation. La plupart du temps, ces organismes n'ont aucun intérêt à offrir de nouvelles alternatives car ils perdraient leur raison d'être. De ces organismes, il n'y a que le GIT (groupe d'information travail), qui privilégie le travail comme porte d'entrée pour la réinsertion sociale. La particularité de ces organismes réside dans une non-concertation et une absence d'intervention globale. De plus, la grande majorité de ces organismes qui donnent des services aux itinérants, exclue toute participation des usagers aux instances décisionnelles. On ne propose que rarement une consultation de la base, les services offerts provenant de la perception qu'a chacun de ces organismes face à la pauvreté. Depuis la fermeture de Dernier Recours Montréal, plusieurs itinérants ont pris conscience de leur situation et des droits et responsabilités qu'ils ont; ils se sont dit «tannés» de ne pouvoir participer aux prises de décisions qui les concernent. Présentement, dans les organismes du milieu, le sujet de l'heure est la participation des usagers aux instances décisionnelles. Mais, cette participation qu'on dit désirée, n'est souvent qu'un voeu pieux, sinon pourquoi assistons-nous à la création de nouveaux organismes pour défendre les droits des itinérante? En réalité, nous retrouvons très peu ou pas d'usager sur ces instances et ce malgré le colloque sur les modes alternatifs d'intervention auprès des personnes seules et itinérantes organisé par le Réseau d'Aide aux Personnes Seules et Itinérantes de Montréal au mois de janvier 1992 où pour la première fois des itinérants furent invités à venir prendre la parole. Pourtant, le RAPSIM croit que cette participation est essentielle afin de trouver des solutions à ce phénomène. […]

Geography, History and Natural Sciences: an interdisciplinary teaching approach with GIS

Geographic Information System (GIS) is a technology that deals with location to support better representations and decision making. It has a long tradition in several planning areas, such as urbanism, environment, riskiness, transportation, archeology or tourism. In academics context higher education has followed that evolution. Despite of their potentialities in education, GIS technologies at the elementary and secondary have been underused. Empowering graduates to learn with GIS and to manipulate spatial data can effectively facilitate the teaching of critical thinking. Likewise it has been recognized that GIS tools can be incorporated as an interdisciplinary pedagogical tool. Nevertheless more practical examples on how GIS tools can enhance teaching and learning process, namely to promote interdisciplinary approaches. The proposed paper presents some results obtained from the project “Each thing in its place: the science in time and space”. This project results from the effort of three professors of Geography, History and Natural Sciences in the context of Didactics of World Knowledge curricular unit to enhance interdisciplinarity through Geographic Information Technologies (GIT). Implemented during the last three years this action-research project developed the research practice using GIS to create an interdisciplinary attitude in the future primary education teachers. More than teaching GIS the authors were focused on teaching with GIS to create an integrated vision where spatial data representation linked the space, the time and natural sciences. Accumulated experience reveals that those technologies can motivate students to learn and facilitating teacher’s interdisciplinary work.

Autoavaliação da governança de TI em uma autarquia federal com base na gestão de riscos

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, 2016.

Development of an antigen-driven colitis model to study presentation of antigens by antigen presenting cells to T cells

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation which affects the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). One of the best ways to study the immunological mechanisms involved during the disease is the T cell transfer model of colitis. In this model, immunodeficient mice (RAG-/-recipients) are reconstituted with naive CD4+ T cells from healthy wild type hosts. This model allows examination of the earliest immunological events leading to disease and chronic inflammation, when the gut inflammation perpetuates but does not depend on a defined antigen. To study the potential role of antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the disease process, it is helpful to have an antigen-driven disease model, in which a defined commensal-derived antigen leads to colitis. An antigen driven-colitis model has hence been developed. In this model OT-II CD4+ T cells, that can recognize only specific epitopes in the OVA protein, are transferred into RAG-/- hosts challenged with CFP-OVA-expressing E. coli. This model allows the examination of interactions between APCs and T cells in the lamina propria.

Role of organic acids and phytonutrients as natural alternatives to antibiotics in supporting intestinal functionality

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) represents the major portion of the body that interfaces with the external environment, with the double function of food processing and line of defense of the body. Numerous components support and regulate the barrier function of the GIT, such as tight junctions (TJs), cytokines, commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, and other systems of the organism, as the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS can control several gastrointestinal functions, as well as the regulation of intestinal inflammation. Failure of the intestinal barrier function triggers an increase of the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and leads to a reduction in intestinal functionality. This thesis aimed to explore the potential of natural compounds as a new alternative approach to antibiotics not only as antimicrobial, but also supporting intestinal maturation and integrity, and as immune-boosting agents. Different experiments were performed to evaluate the potential of nature-identical compounds (NICs), organic acids (OAs), and essential oils (EOs) to support and fight various stressful stimuli. In vitro, a well characterized blend of NICs and OAs were able to improve TJs and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in an intestinal cell line, exerting an anti-inflammatory potential. EOs enhanced TEER and TJs mRNA levels, with a reduction of paracellular permeability, showing antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In vivo, thymol modulates the gene expression of ECS and gut chemosensing in the GIT of piglets, where the precise localization of the cannabinoid receptors was immunohistochemically confirmed, suggesting an anti-inflammatory potential. In conclusion, natural alternative molecules represent an effective alternative to support or replace the classical pharmacological prophylaxis. These alternative molecules act not only as antimicrobial agents, but also exerted a crucial role in supporting the intestinal barrier function, preventing oxidative stress, and reducing inflammation. Moreover, thymol seems able to modulate the ECS, representing a novel frontier to support animal health and productivity.

Implementazione di un sistema di Continuous Integration e Continuous Deployment per il rilascio di microservizi Cloud Native su piattaforma Kubernetes

Il processo di sviluppo di un’applicazione comprende più fasi, ognuna strettamente correlata alle altre. Una delle fasi di questo processo è il rilascio del software, che consiste nel rendere disponibile agli utenti l’applicazione caricandone l’eseguibile su un server, sul quale verrà poi eseguita. Per un’azienda di sviluppo software è particolarmente importante automatizzare e standardizzare il processo di rilascio del software, allo scopo di renderlo più veloce e di diminuire il tempo che intercorre fra una modifica e il momento in cui questa viene effettivamente resa disponibile per gli utenti, ottimizzando infine l’impegno degli sviluppatori. La presente tesi descrive l’implementazione di un sistema di Continuous Integration e Continuous Deliveliry scalabile su una software house con più di 900 dipendenti suddivisi in decine di team, ognuno dei quali ha in carico lo sviluppo di vari software. Le applicazioni realizzate dai team sono generalmente microservizi in esecuzione all’interno di container su piattaforma Kubernetes. Sono state quindi valutate le varie alternative per la realizzazione di questo sistema, analizzandone pro e contro, scegliendo infine GitLab per la parte di Continuous Integration e ArgoCD per la parte di Continuous Deployment. Nei vari capitoli viene quindi analizzata l’infrastruttura esistente e vengono illustrati i vantaggi e svantaggi delle varie soluzioni considerate. Per i due software selezionati viene invece descritto il lavoro svolto, con dettagli sul funzionamento del sistema e la configurazione necessaria per il corretto funzionamento dell’intero processo. La soluzione realizzata effettua build, test, code validation e deploy delle applicazioni seguendo un pattern GitOps, con un repository git contenente la configurazione attuale delle applicazioni, permettendo rollback in caso di problematiche e garantendo un alto livello di sicurezza attraverso il mantenimento dello storico della configurazione e della versione delle applicazioni.