998 resultados para Fatores prognósticos
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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A etiologia do carcinoma epidermóide do pênis (CEP) está relacionada a múltiplos fatores de risco como a presença de prepúcio, pobre higiene, dermatites crônicas e tabagismo. Entretanto, o fator de risco mais extensivamente estudado, éa infecção pelo papiloma vírus humano (HPV). Está bem estabelecido que esteexerce um importante papel etiológico em neoplasias da cérvice uterina; entretanto, sua associação com CEP tem sido foco de debates, demonstrando-se presença viral variando entre 15% a 80% dos casos, sugerindo que apenas um subgrupo desses tumores seja causado pelo HPV. O prognóstico da doença é influenciado negativamente principalmente pela presença de metástases em linfonodos inguinais. Desta forma, a abordagem cirúrgica destes, assume importância decisiva na cura da doença. Poroutro lado, os métodos disponíveis para o estadiamento desses linfonodos são imprecisos e as linfadenectomias são acompanhadas de morbidade significativa. A descrição de outros marcadores histológicos é escassa, devido a raridade desses tumores.O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a prevalência, distribuição e associação do HPV com parâmetros histológicos de pior prognóstico, no sentido de determinar seu possível valor preditivo para metástases inguinais, assim como avaliar os fatores prognósticos já descritos. Espécimes tumorais em parafina de 82 pacientes portadores de carcinoma epidermóide do pênis, foram testados para prevalência e distribuição do genótipo do HPV por PCR. O estado do HPV foi correlacionado com fatores histopatológicos e ocorrência de metástases inguinais. Foi também avaliada a influência de diversascaracterísticas histológicas tumorais, na sobrevida livre de doença inguinal em 5 anos. O seguimento variou entre 1 e 71 meses (média 20 meses). O DNA do HPV foi identificado em 60,9% da amostra, tendo maior prevalência dos tipos virais 11 e 6 (64% e 32%, respectivamente). Não houve correlação independente significativa das variáveis histológicas de pior prognóstico com o estado do HPV. A probalidade de sobrevida livre de doença inguinal em 5 anos, também não foi influenciada pelo HPV (log Rank teste=0,45). Os únicos fatores patológicos independentes para metástases inguinais foram estadiamento T≥T1b-T4 (p=0,02), invasão linfovascular (p=0,04) e fronte de invasão infiltrativa (p-0,03). O estado e a distribuição do HPV não mostrou correlação com fatores histológicos de pior prognóstico, nem mostrou importância na predição de metástases linfonodais em CEP.
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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In order to evaluate the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer, this study analyzed data of 24 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, which indicated therapy was radiotherapy or not be combined with chemotherapy and surgery. The study was conducted in the Unit of Radiotherapy of Megavoltage located in the São José de Rio Preto-SP, in the period August 2007 to January 2008. Then, it was used the questionnaire of quality of life from University of Washington which enabled the identification of different quality of life patterns associated with the different stages of radiotherapy, indicating to be viable the prospect of recognition of prognostic factors of reduction in multiple domains of quality of life. From the data collected and analyzed, it was identified that the areas with the worst score in the begin of radiotherapy were appearance, speech and anxiety; during the treatment were taste, saliva and anxiety; and in the end were taste, saliva and swallowing. Throughout the treatment, it was observed the deterioration of patients' mood. In this regard, emphasizes the importance of dental and psychological follow-up, within the framework of a multidisciplinary care for patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy treatment.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most incident histotype of thyroid cancer. A certain fraction of PTC cases (5%) are irresponsive to conventional treatment, and refractory to radioiodine therapy. The current prognostic factors for aggressiveness are mainly based on tumor size, the presence of lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal invasion and, more recently, the presence of the BRAFT(1799A) mutation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as promising molecular markers for cancer as their deregulation is observed in a wide range of tumors. Recent studies indicate that the over-expression of miR-146b-5p is associated with aggressiveness and BRAFT(1799A) mutation. Furthermore, down-regulation of let-7f is observed in several types of tumors, including PTC. In this study, we evaluated the miR146b-5p and let-7f status in a young male patient with aggressive, BRAFT(1799A)-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma, with extensive lymph node metastases and short-time recurrence. The analysis of miR-146b-5p and let-7f expression revealed a distinct pattern from a cohort of PTC patients, suggesting caution in evaluating miRNA expression data as molecular markers of PTC diagnosis and prognosis. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(8):552-7
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CONTEXT: Liver metastases are a common event in the clinical outcome of patients with colorectal cancer and account for 2/3 of deaths from this disease. There is considerable controversy among the data in the literature regarding the results of surgical treatment and prognostic factors of survival, and no analysis have been done in a large cohort of patients in Brazil. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the results of surgical treatment of patients with colorectal liver metastases, and to establish prognostic factors of survival in a Brazilian population. METHOD: This was a retrospective study of patients undergoing liver resection for colorectal metastases in a tertiary cancer hospital from 1998 to 2009. We analyzed epidemiologic variables and the clinical characteristics of primary tumors, metastatic disease and its treatment, surgical procedures and follow-up, and survival results. Survival analyzes were done by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test was applied to determine the influence of variables on overall and disease-free survival. All variables associated with survival with P<0.20 in univariate analysis, were included in multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS: During the period analyzed, 209 procedures were performed on 170 patients. Postope-rative mortality in 90 days was 2.9% and 5-year overall survival was 64.9%. Its independent prognostic factors were the presence of extrahepatic disease at diagnosis of liver metastases, bilateral nodules and the occurrence of major complications after liver surgery. The estimated 5-year disease-free survival was 39.1% and its prognostic factors included R1 resection, extrahepatic disease, bilateral nodules, lymph node involvement in the primary tumor and primary tumors located in the rectum. CONCLUSION: Liver resection for colorectal metastases is safe and effective and the analysis of prognostic factors of survival in a large cohort of Brazilian patients showed similar results to those pointed in international series. The occurrence of major postoperative complications appears to be able to compromise overall survival and further investigation in needed in this topic.