Inclusion of South American samples reveals new population structuring of the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) in the western Atlantic

ABSTRACT: Carcharhinus limbatus has a cosmopolitan distribution and marked genetic structuring, mainly because of its philopatric behavior. However, analysis of this structuring has not previously included South American populations. In the present study, we analyzed a sample of adult individuals collected on the northern coast of Brazil and compared the sequences of the mitochondrial control region with those of populations already genotyped. Relatively high haplotype diversity (12 haplotypes, genetic diversity of 0.796) was observed, similar to that in other populations but with a much larger number of private alleles. In contrast to populations studied previously, which were represented by neonates, the pronounced allelic variability found in the South American individuals may have resulted from migrations from other populations in the region that have yet to be genotyped. This population was also genetically distinct from the other Atlantic populations (Fst > 0.8), probably because of female philopatry, and apparently separated from the northwestern Atlantic group 1.39 million years ago. These findings indicate that the C. limbatus population from northern Brazil is genetically distinct from all other populations and should be considered as a different management unit for the protection of stocks.

Administração subcrônica de nicotina modifica as respostas neuroendócrina e neuroquímica induzidas pelo teste de natação forçada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação de farinhas de sangue como fonte de proteína para tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Filogeografia do gênero Rhizoprionodon (Elasmobranchii, Carcharhinformes) no Atlântico Ocidental utilizando marcadores moleculares do DNA mitocondrial

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genomic divergence of zebu and taurine cattle identified through high-density SNP genotyping

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise fitoquímica de Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil. e efeito do tratamento crônico sobre o peso corporal e sobre o comportamento de ratas ovariectomizadas

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Assinaturas de seleção na linhagem de trabalho de equinos da raça quarto de milha

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Prospection of genomic regions divergently selected in racing line of Quarter Horses in relation to cutting line

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Simulating Population Genetics of Pathogen Vectors in Changing Landscapes: Guidelines and Application with Triatoma brasiliensis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Inferring population connectivity across the range of distribution of the stiletto shrimp Artemesia longinaris Spence Bate, 1888 (Decapoda, Penaeidae) from DNA barcoding: implications for fishery management

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise temporal da dinâmica populacional de Aedes aegypti

Dengue virus is a major public health problem worldwide. Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is the main dengue vector. Since there is no specific treatment or effective vaccine, control measure is focused on vector control. It is believed that population density is higher in the warmer/rainy season than in cold/dry. The study aimed to genetically characterize population dynamics of Ae. aegypti during climatic variations. Collections were performed at least once in both periods over five years by oviposition traps at Botucatu city. The technique of TaqMan allelic discrimination was used for genetic analysis, in which SNPs from nine genes distributed on three chromosomes of the mosquito were genotyped. Bayesian analysis did not show variance on population structure over the five year period. The percentage of variation among samples in statistical analysis was low (Fst = 0.0028, p = 0.7634), furthermore the allele frequencies were constant. The results show that despite wide variation in the density of adults, population size does not vary. Therefore, there is variation in the prevalence of the species life stages: adults in warmer/rainy, and possibly eggs in cold/dry, resulting in different control strategies for each period. Moreover, estimation of population size should not consider only winged adults, but all other found life stages forms

Diversidade genética por marcadores microssatélites de progênies de Tabebuia heptaphylla da região da bacia do médio Tietê

Os recursos genéticos existentes, atualmente, são de suma importância para garantir a preservação de espécies florestais, uma vez que parte delas vem sofrendo excessiva exploração por se tratar de espécies economicamente importantes ou simplesmente devido à ação antrópica. Tendo em vista este panorama, o presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de fornecer subsídios genéticos para a conservação da espécie ipê-roxo. Analisou-se 31 progênies de Tabebuia heptaphylla da região da Bacia do Médio Tiête. Utilizaram-se três locos, sendo um dos primers desenvolvido para o gênero Tabebuia e os outros para outros gêneros. O parâmetro Fst analisado mostrou haver uma menor diversidade entre progênies (21,47%) que dentro delas (78,53%). O coeficiente médio de endogamia, Fis, para a espécie, apresentou um valor relativamente alto (0,276) quando comparado com a literatura para espécies florestais. A taxa de cruzamento foi de 0,808, revelou que a espécie tem sistema reprodutivo misto, com tendência para a alogamia. As autofecundações foram de 19,2%, a percentagem de irmãos completos foi de 11,23%, de meios-irmãos foi igual a 69,57% e o coeficiente de coancestria ( xy) foi de 0,1776

Avaliação da construção e operação de técnicas compensatórias de drenagem urbana: o transporte de finos, a capacidade de infiltração, a taxa de infiltração real do solo e a permeabilidade da manta geotêxtil

This work aimed to evaluate some aspects of construction and operation of full-scale best management practices and their effects on infiltration loading rate. Two systems were studied: i) filter-swale-trench (FST) and ii) infiltration well (IW). In these units, field essays and full-scale measurements were made in order to assess the soil permeability. Further, the fine particles transportation and the geotextile blanket permeability were determined before and after operation. The results pointed out that there were soil transportation to inside the FST and IW systems, despite of the installed protections, and that these material were responsible for diminishing the geotextile (reduction from 30 to 90% for FST and 40 to 70% for IW) and the full-scale infiltration loading rates (varying from 4,7 x 10-6 to 10-5 m.s-1).

Effects of nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor or fluoxetine treatment on depression-like state and cardiovascular changes induced by chronic variable stress in rats

Comorbidity between mood disorders and cardiovascular disease has been described extensively. However, available antidepressants can have cardiovascular side effects. Treatment with selective inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) induces antidepressant effects, but whether the antidepressant-like effects of these drugs are followed by cardiovascular changes has not been previously investigated. Here, we tested in male rats exposed to chronic variable stress (CVS) the hypothesis that nNOS blockers are advantageous compared with conventional antidepressants in terms of cardiovascular side effects. We compared the effects of chronic treatment with the preferential nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) with those evoked by the conventional antidepressant fluoxetine on alterations that are considered as markers of depression (immobility in the forced swimming test, FST, decreased body weight gain and increased plasma corticosterone concentration) and cardiovascular changes caused by CVS. Rats were exposed to a 14-day CVS protocol, while being concurrently treated daily with either 7-NI (30 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg). Fluoxetine and 7-NI prevented the increase in immobility in the FST induced by CVS and reduced plasma corticosterone concentration in stressed rats. Both these treatments also prevented the CVS-evoked reduction of the depressor response to vasodilator agents and baroreflex changes. Fluoxetine and 7-NI-induced cardiovascular changes independent of stress exposure, including cardiac autonomic imbalance, increased intrinsic heart rate and vascular sympathetic modulation, a reduction of the pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents, and impairment of baroreflex activity. Altogether, these findings provide evidence that fluoxetine and 7-NI have similar effects on the depression-like state induced by CVS and on cardiovascular function.

Diversidade genética e constituição química dos óleos essenciais de populações de Lychnophora ericoides mart. e Lychnophora pinaster Mart

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA