二维Euler方程的非结构网格再生成自适应方法

给出了提高二维Euler方程定常解质量的非结构网格自适应方法和模拟结果。计算了无粘激波在固壁上的反射、NAC0012翼型跨声速绕流和马赫数为3的前台阶绕流，自适应效果较好。

Numerical-simulation of ac plasma-arc thermodynamics

A mathematical model and approximate analysis for the energy distribution of an ac plasma arc with a moving boundary is developed. A simplified electrical conductivity function is assumed so that the dynamic behavior of the arc may be determined, independent of the gas type. The model leads to a reduced set of non-linear partial differential equations which governs the quasi-steady ac arc. This system is solved numerically and it is found that convection plays an important role, not only in the temperature distribution, but also in arc disruptions. Moreover, disruptions are found to be influenced by convection only for a limited frequency range. The results of the present studies are applicable to the frequency range of 10-10(2) Hz which includes most industry ac arc frequencies. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.

Stress-distribution at the rigid circular-arc inclusion end

The elastic plane problem of a rigid co-circular arc inclusion under arbitrary loads is dealt with. Applying Schwarz's reflection principle integrated with the analysis of the singularity of complex stress functions, the general solution of the problem is found and several closed-form solutions to some problems of practical importance are given. Finally, the stress distribution at the arc inclusion end is examined and a comparison is made with that of the rigid line inclusion end to show the effect of curvature.

Impact of cathode evaporation on a free-burning arc

A free-burning, high-intensity argon arc at atmospheric pressure was modelled during the evaporation of copper from the cathode. The effect of cathode evaporation on the temperature, mass flow, current flow and Cu concentration was studied for the entire plasma region. The copper evaporates from the tip of the cathode with an evaporation rate of 1 mg s-1. The copper vapour in the cathode region has a velocity of 210 m s-1 with a mass concentration of above 90% within 0.5 mm from the arc axis. The vapour passes from the cathode toward the anode with a slight diffusion in the argon plasma. Higher temperatures and current densities were calculated in the core of the arc caused by the cathode evaporation.

Euler方程的双分布函数格子Boltzmann Godunov方法

应用双分布函数系统，通过Ｇｏｄｕｎｏｖ分解，构造了一维Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程的格子Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ算法。解决了传统格子气固有的ＧＣ问题与能量方程之间的矛盾，实现了分布函数与宏观物理量之间的一一对应。

基于CE/SE方法的二维Euler型多物质流体弹塑性问题计算

将CE/SE方法推广到二维固体流体弹塑性问题的数值计算,同时结合杂交粒子水平集方法追踪物质界面和合适的边界条件,提出一套完整的二维Euler型流体弹塑性计算方案.通过长钨杆侵彻装甲钢实验的数值模拟,对方法的精度和有效性进行验证.

80 C 146 U.S. Aeroplane carrier "Saratoga" and French cruiser "Joan D'Arc" in Pedro Miguel Lock - Panama Canal - 2/7/28

Leonard Carpenter Panama Canal Collection. Photographs: Views of Panama and the Canal. [Box 1] from the Special Collections & Area Studies Department, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida.

全机绕流Euler方程多重网格分区计算方法

全机三维复杂形状绕流数值求解只能采用分区求解的方法，本文采用可压缩Euler方程有限体积方法以及多重网格分区方法对流场进行分区计算。数值方法采用改进的van Leer迎风型矢通量分裂格式和MUSCL方法，基于有限体积方法和迎风型矢通量分裂方法，建立一套处理子区域内分界面的耦合条件。各个子区域之间采用显式耦合条件，区域内部采用隐式格式和局部时间步长等，以加快收敛速度。计算结果飞机表面压力分布等气动力特性与实验值进行了比较，二者基本吻合。计算结果表明采用分析“V”型多重网格方法，能提高计算效率，加快收敛速度达到接近一个量级。根据全机数值计算结果和可视化结果讨论了流场背风区域旋涡的形成过程。

Comparative Observation of DC Arc Plasma Jets and Their Arc Root Behaviors at Reduced Pressure

Experimentally observed, results are presented for the DCarcplasmajets and theirarc-rootbehaviors generated atreduced gas pressure and without or with an' applied magnetic field. Pure argon, argon -hydrogen or argon-nitrogen mixture is used as the plasma-forming gas. A specially designed copper mirror is constructed and used for better observing the arc-root behavior on the anode surface of the DC non-transferred arcplasma torch. It is shown that for the cases without applied magnetic field, the laminar plasmajets are stable and approximately axisymmetrical. The arc-root attachment on the anode surface is completely diffusive when argon is used as the plasma-forming gas, while the arc-root attachment often becomes constrictive when hydrogen or nitrogen is added into the argon. When an external magnetic field is applied, the arcroot tends to rotate along the anode surface of the non-transferred arcplasma torch.