Appraisal of urban rehabilitation literature and projects, including a glossary of terms and a preliminary set of indicators characterising LUDA

LUDA is a research project of Key Action 4 "City of Tomorrow & Cultural Heritage" of the programme "Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development" within the Fifth Framework Programme of the European Commission

The active mathematics project at ISCAP

This paper summarizes a project that is contributing to a change in the way of teaching and learning Mathematics. Mathematics is a subject of the Accounting and Administration course. In this subject we teach: Functions and Algebra. The aim is that the students understand the basic concepts and is able to apply them in other issues, when possible, establishing a bridge between the issues that they have studied and their application in Accounting. As from this year, the Accounting course falls under in Bologna Process. The teacher and the student roles have changed. The time for theoretical and practical classes has been reduced, so it was necessary to modify the way of teaching and learning. In the theoretical classes we use systems of multimedia projection to present the concepts, and in the practical classes we solve exercises. To supplement our theoretical and practical classes we have developed an active mathematics project called MatActiva based on the Moodle platform offered by PAOL - Projecto de Apoio Online (Online Support Project). In the last versions of Moodle, it is possible use the TeX language to create math questions. Using this tool we created a set of interactive materials. With the creation of this new project we wanted to take advantage already obtained results with the previous experiences, giving to the students opportunities to complement their study in Mathematics. One of the great objectives is to motivate students, encourage them to overcome theirs difficulties through an auto-study, giving them more confidence and the opportunity to seeing others perspectives of the mathematics subjects. In the MatActiva project the students have a big collection of information about the way of the subject works, which includes the objectives, the program, recommended bibliography, evaluation method and summaries. It works as material support for the practical and theoretical classes, the slides of the theoretical classes are available, the sheets with exercises for the students to do in the classroom and complementary exercises, as well as the exams of previous years. Students can also do diagnostic tests and evaluation tests online. Our approach is a reflexive one, based on the professional experience of the teachers that explore and incorporate new tools of Moodle with their students and coordinate the project MatActiva.

Ética e responsabilidade social das organizações perante os Técnicos Oficiais de Contas

Mestrado em Contabilidade

Crianças com défices no controlo motor: contributo para a elaboração do core set da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF)

A CIF é um sistema de classificação adotado pela OMS, que serve de referência universal para descrever, avaliar e medir saúde e incapacidade, a nível individual e ao nível da população. Contudo, apesar do interesse internacional gerado em torno da CIF, esta é considerada uma classificação complexa e extensa, fato que despoletou a criação de core sets – listas de itens da CIF especificamente selecionados pela sua relevância na descrição e qualificação de uma determinada condição de saúde – como resposta a esta problemática. Até à data, foram desenvolvidos core sets para várias patologias comuns. Contudo, apesar do controlo motor ser uma área de investigação muito reconhecida nos últimos 20 anos, ainda não possui um core set próprio. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é contribuir para o desenvolvimento de um core set, com base na CIF-CJ, dirigido para uma descrição abrangente das competências inerentes a crianças, dos 6 aos 18 anos de idade, com défices no controlo motor. Deste modo, recorreu-se a uma revisão da literatura sobre a temática em estudo, de modo a reunir informação para a construção de uma proposta a core set, posteriormente sujeita ao escrutínio de peritos, através do recurso ao método de Delphi. Após várias rondas, foi alcançado um consenso acerca da lista final de códigos CIF que constituem o core set final.

Contributo para a construção de um code set da classificação internacional de funcionalidade, incapacidade e saúde, para terapeutas ocupacionais, em unidades de cuidados continuados integrados

A CIF é uma ferramenta universal desenvolvida pela OMS que permite a classificação de funcionalidade e incapacidade, através de uma visualização global do que condiciona o desempenho do indivíduo na concretização de atividades e na participação em ocupações. A ideologia da CIF e os seus componentes interrelacionam-se com a essência da TO, indo ao encontro dos modelos da profissão. As UCCI constituem uma atualidade em Portugal e o terapeuta ocupacional é um dos profissionais obrigatórios na equipa multidisciplinar destas unidades. Atendendo à relevância internacional da CIF, à sua ligação com a TO e à necessidade de tornar a CIF operacional na prática clínica diária dado que é uma ferramenta complexa e extensa, é objetivo deste estudo contribuir para a construção de um code set da CIF para terapeutas ocupacionais que exercem funções em UCCI, especificamente em UC, UMDR e ULDM. Para a concretização desta investigação, utilizou-se a técnica de Delphi, que envolveu duas rondas. Na primeira ronda foi possível contar com a participação de 37 terapeutas ocupacionais experientes na área, uma vez que exercem funções em UCCI, e na segunda ronda contou-se com a participação de 20 elementos. Obtiveram consenso na última ronda de Delphi um total de 96 categorias, constituindo esta listagem uma proposta de code set para UCCI. No que se refere às tipologias de unidades, 69 categorias obtiveram consenso em UC, 91 em UMDR e 41 em ULDM. Concluiu-se que a criação de code sets poderá constituir uma mais-valia em contexto de equipa multidisciplinar das UCCI, sendo uma forma de tornar a CIF operacional na prática clínica diária.

Clustering an interval data set : are the main partitions similar to a priori partition?

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The rebirth of an old language: issues of gender equality in Kazakhsstan

The existing language situation in Kazakhstan, while peaceful, is not without some tension. We propose to analyze here some questions we consider relevant in the frame of cultural globalization and gender equality, such as: free from Russian imperialism, could Kazakhstan become an easy prey of Turkey’s “imperialist dream”? Could these traditionally Muslim people be soon facing the end of religious tolerance and gender equality, becoming this new old language an easy instrument for the infiltration in the country of fundamentalism (it has already crossed the boarders of Uzbekistan), leading to a gradual deterioration of its rich multicultural relations? The present structure of the language is still very fragile: there are three main dialects and many academics defend the re-introduction of the Latin alphabet, thus enlarging the possibility of cultural “contamination” by making the transmission of fundamentalist ideas still easier through neighbour countries like Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan (their languages belong to the same sub-group of Common Turkic), where the Latin alphabet is already in use, and where the ground for such ideas shown itself very fruitful.

Dominant set approach to ECG biometrics

Electrocardiographic (ECG) signals are emerging as a recent trend in the field of biometrics. In this paper, we propose a novel ECG biometric system that combines clustering and classification methodologies. Our approach is based on dominant-set clustering, and provides a framework for outlier removal and template selection. It enhances the typical workflows, by making them better suited to new ECG acquisition paradigms that use fingers or hand palms, which lead to signals with lower signal to noise ratio, and more prone to noise artifacts. Preliminary results show the potential of the approach, helping to further validate the highly usable setups and ECG signals as a complementary biometric modality.

Optimising and adapting the QoS of a dynamic set of inter-dependent tasks

Due to the growing complexity and adaptability requirements of real-time systems, which often exhibit unrestricted Quality of Service (QoS) inter-dependencies among supported services and user-imposed quality constraints, it is increasingly difficult to optimise the level of service of a dynamic task set within an useful and bounded time. This is even more difficult when intending to benefit from the full potential of an open distributed cooperating environment, where service characteristics are not known beforehand and tasks may be inter-dependent. This paper focuses on optimising a dynamic local set of inter-dependent tasks that can be executed at varying levels of QoS to achieve an efficient resource usage that is constantly adapted to the specific constraints of devices and users, nature of executing tasks and dynamically changing system conditions. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed anytime algorithms are able to quickly find a good initial solution and effectively optimise the rate at which the quality of the current solution improves as the algorithms are given more time to run, with a minimum overhead when compared against their traditional versions.

The daily and hourly energy consumption and load forecasting using artifitial neural network method: a case study using a set of 93 households in Portugal

It is important to understand and forecast a typical or a particularly household daily consumption in order to design and size suitable renewable energy systems and energy storage. In this research for Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF) it has been used Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and, despite the consumption unpredictability, it has been shown the possibility to forecast the electricity consumption of a household with certainty. The ANNs are recognized to be a potential methodology for modeling hourly and daily energy consumption and load forecasting. Input variables such as apartment area, numbers of occupants, electrical appliance consumption and Boolean inputs as hourly meter system were considered. Furthermore, the investigation carried out aims to define an ANN architecture and a training algorithm in order to achieve a robust model to be used in forecasting energy consumption in a typical household. It was observed that a feed-forward ANN and the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm provided a good performance. For this research it was used a database with consumption records, logged in 93 real households, in Lisbon, Portugal, between February 2000 and July 2001, including both weekdays and weekend. The results show that the ANN approach provides a reliable model for forecasting household electric energy consumption and load profile. © 2014 The Author.

The impact of Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction on patient dose and image quality compared to filtered back projection: a narrative review

Objective: Summarize all relevant findings in published literature regarding the potential dose reduction related to image quality using Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction (SAFIRE) compared to Filtered Back Projection (FBP). Background: Computed Tomography (CT) is one of the most used radiographic modalities in clinical practice providing high spatial and contrast resolution. However it also delivers a relatively high radiation dose to the patient. Reconstructing raw-data using Iterative Reconstruction (IR) algorithms has the potential to iteratively reduce image noise while maintaining or improving image quality of low dose standard FBP reconstructions. Nevertheless, long reconstruction times made IR unpractical for clinical use until recently. Siemens Medical developed a new IR algorithm called SAFIRE, which uses up to 5 different strength levels, and poses an alternative to the conventional IR with a significant reconstruction time reduction. Methods: MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and CINAHL databases were used for gathering literature. Eleven articles were included in this review (from 2012 to July 2014). Discussion: This narrative review summarizes the results of eleven articles (using studies on both patients and phantoms) and describes SAFIRE strengths for noise reduction in low dose acquisitions while providing acceptable image quality. Conclusion: Even though the results differ slightly, the literature gathered for this review suggests that the dose in current CT protocols can be reduced at least 50% while maintaining or improving image quality. There is however a lack of literature concerning paediatric population (with increased radiation sensitivity). Further studies should also assess the impact of SAFIRE on diagnostic accuracy.

A comparison of Sinogram Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction and filtered back projection on image quality and dose reduction in paediatric head CT: a phantom study

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is one of the most used modalities for diagnostics in paediatric populations, which is a concern as it also delivers a high patient dose. Research has focused on developing computer algorithms that provide better image quality at lower dose. The iterative reconstruction algorithm Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction (SAFIRE) was introduced as a new technique that reduces noise to increase image quality. Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare SAFIRE with the current gold standard, Filtered Back Projection (FBP), and assess whether SAFIRE alone permits a reduction in dose while maintaining image quality in paediatric head CT. Methods: Images were collected using a paediatric head phantom using a SIEMENS SOMATOM PERSPECTIVE 128 modulated acquisition. 54 images were reconstructed using FBP and 5 different strengths of SAFIRE. Objective measures of image quality were determined by measuring SNR and CNR. Visual measures of image quality were determined by 17 observers with different radiographic experiences. Images were randomized and displayed using 2AFC; observers scored the images answering 5 questions using a Likert scale. Results: At different dose levels, SAFIRE significantly increased SNR (up to 54%) in the acquired images compared to FBP at 80kVp (5.2-8.4), 110kVp (8.2-12.3), 130kVp (8.8-13.1). Visual image quality was higher with increasing SAFIRE strength. The highest image quality was scored with SAFIRE level 3 and higher. Conclusion: The SAFIRE algorithm is suitable for image noise reduction in paediatric head CT. Our data demonstrates that SAFIRE enhances SNR while reducing noise with a possible reduction of dose of 68%.

Visualization of clusters in geo-referenced data using three-dimensional self-organizing maps

Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estatística e Gestão de Informação

Desenvolvimento de um Code Set para a escrita manual baseado na classificação internacional de funcionalidade versão crianças e jovens

Compreender a funcionalidade de uma criança é um desafio persistente em contextos de saúde e educação. Na tentativa de superar esse desafio, em 2007, a Organização Mundial de Saúde desenvolveu a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde para Crianças e Jovens (CIF-CJ) como o primeiro sistema de classificação universal para documentar a saúde e funcionalidade da criança. Apesar de a CIF-CJ não ser um instrumento de avaliação e intervenção, tem, no entanto, a capacidade de servir de enquadramento para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas adaptadas às necessidades dos seus utilizadores. Considerando que no contexto escolar, a escrita manual encontra-se entre as atividades mais requeridas para a participação plena de uma criança, parece ser pertinente a definição de um conjunto de códigos destinados a caracterizar o perfil de funcionalidade de uma criança, no que se refere à escrita manual. O objetivo deste estudo foi, pois, o desenvolvimento de um conjunto preliminar de códigos baseado na CIF-CJ que possa vir a constituir um code set para a escrita manual. Dada a complexidade do tema e atendendo a que se pretende alcançar consenso entre os especialistas sobre quais as categorias da CIF-CJ que devem ser consideradas, optou-se pela utilização da técnica de Delphi. A escolha da metodologia seguiu a orientação dos procedimentos adotados pelo projeto Core Set CIF. De dezoito profissionais contactados, obtiveram-se respostas de sete terapeutas ocupacionais com experiência em pediatria, que participaram em todas as rondas. No total, três rondas de questionários foram realizadas para atingir um consenso, com um nível de concordância, previamente definido, de 70%. Deste estudo resultou um conjunto preliminar de códigos com 54 categorias da CIF-CJ (16 categorias de segundo nível, 14 categorias de terceiro nível e uma categoria de quarto nível), das quais 31 são categorias das funções do corpo, uma categoria das estruturas do corpo, 12 categorias de atividades e participação e 10 categorias de fatores ambientais. Este estudo é um primeiro passo para o desenvolvimento de um code set para a escrita manual baseado na CIF-CJ , sendo claramente necessário a realização de mais pesquisas no contexto do desenvolvimento e da validação deste code set.

Gender and reproductive autonomy : are there second-class citizens in Europe?

EUROPEAN MASTER’S DEGREE IN HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRATISATION Academic Year 2007/2008