Grammatical and logical analysis of the English language : for the use of grammar schools, high schools, normal schools and academies /

"In two parts."

Engagement experiences of Hispanic Generation 1.5 English language learners at a Massachusetts community college

Hispanic Generation 1.5 students are foreign-born, U.S. high school graduates who are socialized in the English dominant K-12 school system while still maintaining the native language and culture at home (Allison, 2006; Blumenthal, 2002; Harklau, Siegal, & Losey, 1999; Rumbault & Ima, 1988). When transitioning from high school to college, these students sometimes assess into ESL courses based on their English language abilities, and because of this ESL placement, Hispanic Generation 1.5 students might have different engagement experiences than their mainstream peers. Engagement is a critical factor in student success and long-term retention because students’ positive and negative engagement experiences affect their membership and sense of belonging at the institution. The purpose of this study was to describe the engagement and membership experiences of Hispanic Generation 1.5 students’ at a Massachusetts community college. This study employed naturalistic inquiry within an embedded descriptive case study design that included three units of analysis: the students’ engagement experiences in (a) ESL courses, (b) developmental courses, and (c) mainstream courses. The main source of data was in-depth interviews with Hispanic Generation 1.5 students at Commonwealth of Massachusetts Community College. Criterion sampling was used to select the interview participants, ensuring that all participants were native Spanish speakers and were taking or had taken at least one ESL course at the institution. The study findings show that these Hispanic Generation 1.5 students at the college did not perceive peer engagement as critical to academic success. Most times the participants avoided peer engagement outside of the classroom, especially with fellow Hispanic students, who they felt would deter them from their English language development and general academic work. Engagement with ESL faculty and ESL academic support staff played the most critical role in the participants’ sense of belonging and success, and students who were required to engage with faculty and academic support staff outside of the classroom were the most satisfied with their educational experiences. While the participants were all disappointed with some aspect of their ESL placement, they valued the ESL engagement experiences more than the engagement experiences while completing developmental and credit coursework.

Improving criteria and feedback in student assessment in law

Spurred on by both the 1987 Pearce Report1 and the general changes to higher education spawned by the “Dawkins revolution” from 1988, there has been much critical self-evaluation leading to profound improvements to the quality of teaching in Australian law schools.2 Despite the changes there are still areas of general law teaching practice which have lagged behind recent developments in our understanding of what constitutes high quality teaching. One such area is assessment criteria and feedback. The project Improving Feedback in Student Assessment in Law is an attempt to remedy this. It aims to produce a manual containing key principles for the design of assessment and the provision of feedback, with practical yet flexible ideas and illustrations which law teachers may adopt or modify. Most of the examples have been developed by teachers at the University of Melbourne Law School. The project was supported in 1996 by a Committee for the Advancement of University Teaching grant and the manual will be published late in 1997.3 This note summarises the core principles which are elaborated further in the manual.

Design, development and assessment of the Java Intelligent Tutoring System

The "Java Intelligent Tutoring System" (JITS) research project focused on designing, constructing, and determining the effectiveness of an Intelligent Tutoring System for beginner Java programming students at the postsecondary level. The participants in this research were students in the School of Applied Computing and Engineering Sciences at Sheridan College. This research involved consistently gathering input from students and instructors using JITS as it developed. The cyclic process involving designing, developing, testing, and refinement was used for the construction of JITS to ensure that it adequately meets the needs of students and instructors. The second objective in this dissertation determined the effectiveness of learning within this environment. The main findings indicate that JITS is a richly interactive ITS that engages students on Java programming problems. JITS is equipped with a sophisticated personalized feedback mechanism that models and supports each student in his/her learning style. The assessment component involved 2 main quantitative experiments to determine the effectiveness of JITS in terms of student performance. In both experiments it was determined that a statistically significant difference was achieved between the control group and the experimental group (i.e., JITS group). The main effect for Test (i.e., pre- and postiest), F( l , 35) == 119.43,p < .001, was qualified by a Test by Group interaction, F( l , 35) == 4.98,p < .05, and a Test by Time interaction, F( l , 35) == 43.82, p < .001. Similar findings were found for the second experiment; Test by Group interaction revealed F( 1 , 92) == 5.36, p < .025. In both experiments the JITS groups outperformed the corresponding control groups at posttest.

Instructor support for self-directed learning in higher education

This study addressed the problem of instructor support for self-directed learning, specifically, learner-directed program planning, within a classroom setting in higher education. A combination of survey, interview, document analysis, and observation was used to assess and evaluate the attitudes and practices of a sample of full-time faculty at an Ontario university. Eighty-seven percent of the study sample reported instructional beliefs, values, and expectations that were not supportive of self-directed learning, especially in terms of student participation in program planning. Planning was seen as the responsibility of the instructor. Instructors were least open to student participation in the planning of the evaluation of learning. However, there was considerable stated support for other of the basic principles of adult education. The remaining 13% of the study sample reported instructional beliefs, values, and expectations that were fully supportive of self-directed learning. Instructional practices were analyzed in relation to the instructors' stated beliefs. Although practices reflected, in many instances, instructors' statements of support, there were some significant discrepancies between apparent support for the concept of self-directed learning and actual classroom practice. Both beliefs and practice were compared to a research model of self-directed learning. Most instructors did not have a concept of self-directed learning as comprehensive as that described in the research model. Instructor support for self-directed learning was profoundly influenced by the university setting. It was concluded that more strenuous attempts to research, enhance, and promote instructional and institutional support for self-directed learning in higher education are warranted.

Un Cas pràctic: entrevista dels estudiants a Javier Cercas

L’Espai Europeu d’Educació Superior (EEES) centra el procés d’ensenyament/aprenentatge en l’alumne. En aquest marc, adquireix una gran rellevància la planificació de la docència. Aquesta exigeix definir les competències així com la proposta d’activitats a partir de la qual l’alumne ha d’assolir-les. Per tant, per un bon desenvolupament del procés d’ensenyament/aprenentatge es fa necessària la participació activa de l’estudiant. En aquest sentit, aconseguir mantenir el seu interès durant tot el curs és un repte per al professor. En aquesta comunicació el nostre objectiu és donar a conèixer una experiència —del tot satisfactòria, segons la nostra opinió— portada a terme a l’assignatura de Tècniques d’Expressió Oral i Escrita (TEOE), per la qual ha resultat decisiva la implicació activa dels estudiants. Aquesta assignatura es porta a terme a la Facultat de Lletres. Té com a objectiu treballar les competències transversals d’aprofundiment de l’expressió oral i escrita i la lectura crítica. Hi participen estudiants de primer curs de tots els estudis de la facultat. A més a més compta també amb la presència d’estudiants Erasmus i, en aquesta ocasió, també d’un alumne del Programa de la formació universitària per a la gent gran. Tot això provoca que els interessos de l’alumnat siguin molt diversos i fa imprescindible recórrer a estratègies docents per fer sentir a l’alumne responsable d’un projecte comú. Una dificultat afegida de l’assignatura és que tracta qüestions que molts alumnes perceben com a ja assolides, un déjà vu. Es tracta, doncs, de tornar a treballar qüestions que no canvien (llegir i escriure un text) en un món cada vegada més canviant. La llengua vehicular de l’assignatura ha estat el castellà

Immersió lingüística, cultural i acadèmica per a estudiants de Telecomunicació

L’Escola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyers de Telecomunicació (ETSET) de la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) promou la mobilitat dels seus estudiants i professors, no només a través de programes nacionals –SICUE-Sèneca– o internacionals (ERASMUS, PROMOE), sinó també per la realització de viatges de pràctiques de llengua estrangera. D’aquesta manera, els estudiants matriculats en les assignatures de francès, anglès o alemany poden beneficiar- se d’una estada a França, Gran Bretanya o Alemanya, visitant-ne les universitats i empreses del sector. En aquesta comunicació ens remetem a l’últim viatge realitzat a París al març passat, durant el qual quinze estudiants de l’ETSET, matriculats en els cinc grups de les assignatures de francès (nivell bàsic, intermedi i avançat), van visitar una Grande École, l’ENSEA (École Nationale Supérieure de l’Électronique et de ses Applications). La visita, coordinada i programada entre els professors responsables d’ambdues escoles, va consistir a efectuar presentacions institucionals (escola, universitat d’origen) i generals (informació sobre la ciutat i la seua cultura) per part dels mateixos estudiants espanyols i francesos en els diferents grups de les assignatures d’espanyol. Per a fer-ho, cada grup havia preparat la presentació en PowerPoint de la seua escola o ciutat en la llengua d’estudi. Aquest tipus d’activitats facilita la immersió lingüística, cultural i acadèmica dels estudiants, de manera que els permet rebre informació de primera mà sobre el panorama dels seus estudis en un altre país, i alhora patrocinen la seua pròpia escola entre els estudiants estrangers

La Acción tutorial como instrumento de orientación y mediación en contextos universitarios. Análisis de prácticas en asignaturas de lenguas extranjeras

Como es sabido, la adaptación al EEES conlleva cambios importantes en la actividad del docente universitario entre los que destaca el incremento de la actividad de orientación y de mediación. Sin embargo, no existe unanimidad a la hora de definir el concepto de tutoría aunque cada vez son más las universidades españolas que han diseñado y puesto en práctica su Plan de Acción Tutorial (PAT), instrumento de información, apoyo y orientación al estudiante a lo largo de toda su vida universitaria. Al mismo tiempo, la creencia generalizada entre los docentes y los estudiantes consiste en asociar la tutoría universitaria con las horas de atención al estudiante, encuentros de formato reducido destinados principalmente a resolver las dudas y los problemas a los que el estudiante debe enfrentarse. Según esta definición, la función del docente-tutor se asimila plenamente a la del experto, conocedor de un ámbito del saber. En el contexto que investigamos, la función de la tutoría consiste en traspasar paulatinamente el control del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del docente al estudiante, para pasar paulatinamente de una instrucción heterorregulada a un aprendizaje autorregulado. Y así en nuestro estudio nos interesa analizar primordialmente en qué medida aparecen marcas de autorregulación en el discurso de los aprendices generado en las tutorías y, en caso de ser así, qué grado de conciencia traducen