Alterações histopatológicas dos rins de macacos prego, Cebusapella (Linnaeus 1758) após exposição crônica a baixas doses de metilmercúrio

O mercúrio representa um grande risco ambiental e ocupacional constituindo um problema para a saúde humana na região Amazônica. Muito embora estudos tenham demonstrado que o mercúrio compromete vários tecidos e órgãos, os rins constituem-se órgãos-alvo para a toxicidade do metal. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar os efeitos de uma exposição crônica a baixas doses de metilmercúrio sobre o parênquima renal de macacos Cebusapella, machos, adultos, expostos durante 120 dias consecutivos com doses diárias via oral, de 1,5 μg na dieta. As concentrações de mercúrio total no sangue dos animais foram monitoradas a cada 30 dias usando espectrofotômetro de absorção atômica a vapor frio (Hg 201), comparando ao grupo controle. O método utilizado para análise histopatológica foi a inclusão em parafina com coloração pela Hematoxilina e Eosina, Tricrômico de CAB e PAS. As investigações imuno-histoquímicas compreenderam as reações para a detecção de actina para musculo liso (IA4), actina muscular (HHF35) e pancitoqueratina (AE1 e AE2). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o tratamento com mercúrio causou diferença significativa (P<0,001) entre os grupos exposto e controle. Quanto aos níveis de Hg total, foram observadas alterações histopatológicas com características de hidropsia nos Túbulos Proximais, um achado comum na exposição ao metilmercúrio em outras espécies, sem alterações significativas nas concentrações de creatinina e ureia. O teste de correlação de Person demonstrou uma forte relação negativa entre a concentração de mercúrio e a perda de massa corporal dos animais (P<0,0001). Outro achado importante foi a diminuição do número de células mesangiais, o que sugere que o metilmercúrio executou a sua nefrotoxicidade atingindo não somente o sistema tubular renal, como também as células do mesangio glomerular, fazendo-se necessário um maior aporte de estudos experimentais para esclarecer qual o nível de alerta da concentração de mercúrio é capaz de desencadear mecanismos de agressão e injúria renal em indivíduos expostos ao metilmercúrio.

Estudo imuno-histoquímico da co-expressão de citoqueratinas, vimentina e actina em neoplasias de glândula salivar

Human salivary gland tumors originated from intercalated ducts present a broad range of histologic and cytologic patterns, mainly due to the presence of myoepithelial cells. The aim of this study is to verify the differentiation grade of neoplastic cells and a possible relation between myoepithelial cell differentiation and the presence of luminal secretory contents. The expression of vimentin and cytokeratin (CK) intermediate filaments, actin myofilament and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was investigated by double labeling immunocytochemical technique, in thirty salivary gland neoplasms: 5 pleomorphic adenomas, 5 myoepitheliomas, 3 basal cell adenomas, 7 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC) and 10 polimorphous low grade adenocarcinomas (PLGA). Tumors with intercalated duct differentiation (pleomorphic adenomas, basal cell adenomas and ACC) express CKs 7, 8, 18 and 19 in the luminal cells and coexpress eventually CK14 with these CKs. Some luminal cells stained with anti-EMA antibody, mainly where a secretory content in the lumen was observed. Outer ductal cells and other myoepithelial-like cells express vimentin, sometimes coexpressing actin and/or CK14 with vimentin. Plasmacytoid cells in myoepitheliomas and pleomorphic adenomas express vimentin and rarely CKs 7, 8, 18 and 19, sometimes coexpressing these CKs with CK14 but they are negative for the remaining antigens. Tumors without intercalated duct differentiation (solid basal cell adenoma and PLGA) express vimentin and CKs 7, 8, 14 and 18, sometimes coexpressing CKs 8 and 18 with CK14. In conclusion, in tumors with intercalated duct differentiation, myoepithelial cells express vimentin and sometimes coexpress actin and/or CK14 with vimentin, never coexpressing other CKs with vimentin. CK14 and actin are independently expressed by myoepithelial cells, so their expression is probably induced by different stimulus. However, the secretory function of luminal cells, visualized by EMA staining, ....

Avaliação da expressão de citoqueratinas na citologia esfoliativa da mucosa bucal de pacientes fumantes

The present study compared the expression of cytokeratins CK6, CK16 and CK19 and pan-cytokeratin (PAN) in oral mucosa cells between smokers and nonsmokers in order to determine the stage of cell differentiation and to consequently infer proliferative activity and expressions indicative of a potential for malignant differentiation. Thirty smokers and 30 non-smokers seen at the clinics of FOSJC-UNESP were screened. Smears were obtained from the left lateral border of the tongue with a cytobrush and slides were processed for immunohistochemistry using the antibodies reported Conventional microscopy was used for qualitative analysis. The results were analyzed statistically by the Z test, Fisher's exact test and comparison of two proportions (plus-4 confidence interval method). The expression of CK6 (p=0.002), CK16 (p=0.003), CK19 (p=0.0001) and PAN (p=0.008) was higher in oral mucosa smears from smokers compared to non- smokers. ln conclusion, increased epithelial proliferation is observed in the oral mucosa of smokers as demonstrated by the increased expression of CK6 and CKJ6, and these cells present alterations in epithelial maturation

Immunoexpression of S100A4 in canine skin melanomas and correlation with histopathological parameters

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Metastatic melanoma of the tongue: a case report with immunohistochemical profile

BackgroundMelanoma of the skin is characterised by a high metastatic potential, but reports of metastasis to the tongue are rare. We report a case of skin melanoma with metastasis to the lymph nodes, tongue and brain.ObjectivesThis report highlights the clinical and histological features of oral metastatic melanoma.Case reportA 72-year-old man was seen with a nodule on the tongue. The differential diagnosis included salivary gland tumour, lymphoma and metastatic melanoma. His medical history revealed treatment for melanoma in the periumbilical region and micrometastases in the inguinal lymph nodes. An incisional biopsy was obtained and histological analysis showed the presence of a solid, epithelioid malignant tumour of monotonous appearance infiltrating the skeletal musculature. Immunohistochemistry showed reactivity of neoplastic cells to anti-HMB45, anti-melan A and anti-S100 antibodies and negativity for anti-PAN cytokeratin, confirming the diagnosis of metastatic melanoma.ConclusionThe present findings highlight the importance of a complete medical evaluation of the patient by anamnesis to identify possible oral repercussions of primary diseases in other organs and/or systems.

Neoplasias mamárias de cadelas: expressão gênica e proteica da via Wnt/b-catenina, sua associação com a transição epitélio-mesênquima e prognóstico

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Tumor mamário canino: estudo in vitro, imunomarcação e ação da doxorrubicina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Evidence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in canine prostate cancer metastasis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Expression of cellular components in granulomatous inflammatory response in piaractus mesopotamicus model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma in cattle

The Macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical aspects of lung acinar adenocarcinoma and the presence of nodules in the abdominal cavity of an adult female bovine are reported. In the necropsy analysis samples were collected from the: lung, heart, spleen, liver, pancreas, kidney, uterus, intestine, brain, and from nodules found in the lung and abdominal cavity, which were routinely processed to be stained by hematoxylin-eosin and for an immunohistochemistry exam with the antibodies: cytokeratin (dilution 1: 200 mu L) and vimentin (dilution 1: 1000 mu L). The histopathological examination revealed neoplastic epithelial cells with acini formation. The immunohistochemical examination of the tumor cells showed positive marking for cytokeratin and the absence of marking for vimentin. According to anatomical, morphological, and histopathological findings, as well as the result of the immunohistochemical examination, the tumor was characterized as lung acinar adenocarcinoma.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition occurs in preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of canine prostate

Background: The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential process in the tumor progression and metastasis. In human prostate carcinoma (PCa), the upregulation of cytokeratin and E-cadherin and down-regulation of vimentin have been associated with aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Due to the importance of canine cancer model it was evaluated the immunoexpression of AE1/AE3, E-cadherin and vimentin in canine prostatic lesions. Patients and Methods: A total of 75 prostatic tissues formalin-fixed paraffin embedded from dogs was selected: 10 normal prostatic tissues, 20 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 25 proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA) and 20 PCa. AE1/AE3 was detected with a monoclonal antibody (Invitrogen, 180132) at a 1:300 dilution, applied for 45 min at room temperature (RT). The antibody against Vimentin (V9, Invitrogen) and E-cadherin (NCH-38, Dako cytomatiomn) were monoclonal mouse antibodies, used at a 1:300 and 1:200, respectively, for 45 min at RT. The immunolabelling was performed by a polymer method (Histofine, Nichirei Biosciences,). A negative control was performed for all antibodies by omitting the primary antibody and substituting with Tris-buffered saline. The percentage of C-MYC, E-cadherin, and p63- positive cells per lesion was evaluated according to Prowatke et al. (2007). The samples were scored separately according to staining intensity and graded semi-quantitatively as negative, weakly positive, moderately positive, and strongly positive. The score was done in one 400 magnification field, considering only the lesion, since this was done in a TMA core of 1 mm. For statistical analyses, the immunostaining classifications were reduced to two categories: negative and positive. The negative category included negative and weakly positive staining. Chi-square or Fisher exact test was used to determine the association between the categorical variables. Results: All prostatic normal and BPH tissue were positive for cytokeratin, E-cadherin and negative for vimentin. Similarly, all PIA samples were positive for AE1/AE3. From those samples, 48% (12/25) were also positive for vimentin. 55% of PCa (11/25) was positive for vimentin and among these samples 75% (6/11) was also positive for AE1/AE3 and 45% (5/11) was negative for AE1/AE3. PIA and PCa presented a higher number of vimentin positive cells when compared with normal tissue (p=0.032). E-cadherin expression had no statistical difference among diagnosis groups, but we found a higher number of positive cases, with more than 51% of positive immunostaining in BPH and PIA (81.25% and 78.60% of the cases, respectively) than in PCa (55.55%). Conclusion: The carcinogenesis process regarding prostatic epithelial cells in dogs showed higher vimentin protein expression associated with concomitant loss of the cytokeratin and E-cadherin, similar in humans.

Melatonin decreases breast cancer metastasis by modulating Rho-associated kinase protein-1 expression

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cholangiocarcinoma in an American Rhea (Rhea Americana araneipes)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise das células tronco tumorais em neoplasias mamárias de cães

Mammary tumors are the most frequent cancers in dogs, representing about 50% of tumors, and have a higher incidence in females of middle aged and elderly. These tumors have been used as a model for breast cancer in women due to several common characteristics such as histological and immunohistochemical similarities. In the last decade, studies based on molecular profiles of breast cancer, made possible the identification of some neoplastic cells with characteristics of stem cells - cancer stem cells (CSC). One of the putative molecules of CSCs is CD44. Recent studies have established a crucial link between the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the acquisition of molecular and functional properties of stem cells. For that reason we analyzed the expression of proteins CD44, Cytokeratins AE1/AE3 and Vimentin, in dogs mammary tumors, to investigate the potencial for CSC markers, and its relation with the EMT using immunohistochemistry in paraffin embedded tissues making use of techniques such as Tissue MicroArrays (TMA). Immunostaining of cytokeratin had no significant difference between benign and malignant tumors (p ≥ 0,05), being more intense in malignant tumors. However vimentina showed higher staining intensity in benign tumors, but with no significant difference (p ≤ 0,05). The expression of CD44 was higher in malignant tumors that have greater proliferative and metastatic potencial, however its relation with EMT was not detected in the analyzed tumors. The techniques applied for the TMAs were efficient and can be used in routine and later researches.

Sensibilidade da citoinclusão (PAAF) para detecção de CK5, RE e RP no carcinoma primário de mama na cadela

Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB