From foot-draggers to strategic counter-partners : the dynamics of U.S. and Chinese policies for tackling climate change

As can been seen from the U.S.'s non-ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, together with the negotiations toward the post-Kyoto Protocol framework, the U.S. and China have been quarrelling over their responsibilities and have contradicted one another over the introduction of compulsory domestic greenhouse gases emission reduction targets. Therefore, for a long time, it has been argued that the controversy between the two countries has hindered the process of forging an international agreement to deal with climate change. On the other hand, Sino-U.S. bilateral cooperation on climate change has significantly increased in recent years in summit talks and their Strategic & Economic Dialogue (S&ED), especially after the 15th Conference of Parties (COP) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Copenhagen, one of whose aims was to facilitate positive negotiations for the post-Kyoto Protocol agreement. Analyzing this in the light of recent developments, we find that the U.S. and China have tended to address climate change and related issues from a pluralistic viewpoint and approach, by regarding the achievement of bilateral cooperation and global agreements as their common strategic objective.

Production sharing, demand spillovers and CO2 emissions : the case of Chinese regions in GVCs

This study adopts the perspective of demand spillovers to provide new insights regarding Chinese domestic-regions' production position in global value chains and their associated CO2 emissions. To this end, we constructed a new type of World Input-Output Database in which China's domestic interregional input-output table for 2007 is endogenously embedded. Then, the pattern of China's regional demand spillovers across both domestic regions and countries are revealed by employing this new database. These results were further connected to endowments theory, which help to make sense of the empirical results. It is found that China's regions locate relatively upstream in GVCs, and had CO2 emissions in net exports, which were entirely predicted by the environmental extended HOV model. Our study points to micro policy instruments to combat climate change, for example, the tax reform for energy inputs that helps to change the production pattern thus has impact on trade pattern and so forth.

How does firm heterogeneity information impact the estimation of embodied carbon emissions in Chinese exports?

Using an augmented Chinese input–output table in which information about firm ownership and type of traded goods are explicitly reported, we show that ignoring firm heterogeneity causes embodied CO2 emissions in Chinese exports to be overestimated by 20% at the national level, with huge differences at the sector level, for 2007. This is because different types of firm that are allocated to the same sector of the conventional Chinese input–output table vary greatly in terms of market share, production technology and carbon intensity. This overestimation of export-related carbon emissions would be even higher if it were not for the fact that 80% of CO2 emissions embodied in exports of foreign-owned firms are, in fact, emitted by Chinese-owned firms upstream of the supply chain. The main reason is that the largest CO2 emitter, the electricity sector located upstream in Chinese domestic supply chains, is strongly dominated by Chinese-owned firms with very high carbon intensity.

Chinese Central Asia; a ride to Little Tibet,

Appendices: A. Some of the specimens of fauna collected by Dr. Lansdell in Central Asia. B. Bibliography of Chinese Central Asia.

Report of Messrs. Owyang King and Arthur Bassett, representatives of His Excellency, Minister Chang Yin Tang in an investigation made in conjunction with licenciado Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, representative of His Excellency, Francisco L. de la Barra, President of Mexico, of the facts relating to the massacre of Chinese subjects at Torreón on the 15th of May, 1911 ...

"English & Spanish."

Memorandum on the law and the facts in the matter of the claim of China against Mexico for losses of life and property suffered by Chinese subjects at Torreón on May 13, 14, and 15, 1911.

"English & Spanish."

Chinese Communist world outlook : views on relations with the Soviet Union and the Soviet bloc /

Quotations from Chinese Cummunist sources, augmented by comments of Soviet or Comintern leaders.

A catena of Buddhist scriptures from the Chinese.

Mode of access: Internet.

Musings of a Chinese mystic, selections from the philosophy of Chuang-Tzŭ;

"The extracts in this volume are drawn, with one or two very slight modifications, from the translation by Professor H. A. Giles."

Tu Fu, the autobiography of a Chinese poet, A.D. 712-770 ... /

Vol. II has title and imprint : Travels of a Chinese poet : Tu Fu, guest of rivers and lakes, A.D. 712-770 by Florence Ayscough ; illustrated from etchings by Lucille Douglass.