Rabbi David Weiss; Danzig.

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Portrait of David Baumgardt with Marie Zweig Portraits Groups

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Studio portrait of seven of David Gruenspecht and Rebecca Gruenspecht nee Hoffman's ten children Portraits Family

Includes Louis Gruenspecht, Max Gruenspecht, Abraham (Adolf) Gruenspecht, Babette Gruenspecht, Isaac Gruenspecht, Moses (Moritz) Gruenspecht and Michael Gruenspecht; Missing are Rosalie Gruenspecht, Sarah Gruenspecht and Hirsch Gruenspecht

Studio portrait of David Gruenspecht and Rebecca Gruenspecht nee Hoffman with one of their young sons Portraits Family

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The level of FoxO1 and IL-15 in skeletal muscle, serum and synovial fluid in people with knee osteoarthritis: a case control study

Objectives Impaired muscle function is common in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Numerous biochemical molecules have been implicated in the development of OA; however, these have only been identified in the joint and serum. This study compared the expression of interleukin (IL-15) and Forkhead box protein-O1 (FoxO1) in muscle of patients with knee OA asymptomatic individuals, and examined whether IL-15 was also present in the joint and serum. Method Muscle and blood samples were collected from 19 patients with diagnosed knee OA and 10 age-matched asymptomatic individuals. Synovial fluid and muscle biopsies were collected from the OA group during knee replacement surgery. IL-15 and FoxO1were measured in the skeletal muscle. IL-15 abundance was also analysed in the serum of both groups and synovial fluid from the OA group. Knee extensor strength was measured and correlated with IL-15 and FoxO1 in the muscle. Results FoxO1 protein expression was higher (p=0.04), whereas IL-15 expression was lower (p=0.02) in the muscle of the OA group. Strength was also lower in the OA group, and was inversely correlated with FoxO1 expression. No correlation was found between IL-15 in the joint, muscle or serum. Conclusion Skeletal muscle, particularly the quadriceps, is affected in people with knee OA where elevated FoxO1 protein expression was associated with reduced muscle strength. While IL-15 protein expression in the muscle was lower in the knee OA group, no correlation was found between the expression of IL-15 protein in the muscle, joint and serum, which suggests that inflammation is regulated differently within these tissues.

Tombstone of David Benjamin; Strangriede Cemetery (R 84.7); Hannover Cemeteries Tombs

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Tombstones of Frederike Benjamin nee Salamon and her husband David Benjamin; Strangriede Cemetery (R 84.6 and R 84.7); Hannover Cemeteries; Tombs

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Albert Einstein with David Ben Gurion; Princeton, New Jersey Portraits; Groups; Men

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Portrait of the family of David Stern and Bernice Stern nee Propper.

Seated: David Stern, Bernice Stern, and Jessica Agosti; left to right: Doreen Stern, her husband Michael Stern, Carol Richardson, her husband Blake Richardson, John Agosti. The baby is Katherine Stern

Ruth Weiss nee Stern with Annette, Meir, and David Weiss at Mortimer Hill Farm; Mortimer, England.

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Ruth Weiss nee Stern with Annette, Meir, and David Weiss at Mortimer Hill Farm; Mortimer, England..

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