Effects of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents or bare metal stent on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: patient level meta-analysis

Objectives: To examine the safety and effectiveness of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents compared with bare metal stents. Design: Individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Cox proportional regression models stratified by trial, containing random effects, were used to assess the impact of stent type on outcomes. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence interval for outcomes were reported. Data sources and study selection: Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials that compared cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents with bare metal stents were selected. The principal investigators whose trials met the inclusion criteria provided data for individual patients. Primary outcomes: The primary outcome was cardiac mortality. Secondary endpoints were myocardial infarction, definite stent thrombosis, definite or probable stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularisation, and all cause death. Results: The search yielded five randomised controlled trials, comprising 4896 participants. Compared with patients receiving bare metal stents, participants receiving cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents had a significant reduction of cardiac mortality (hazard ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.91; P=0.01), myocardial infarction (0.71, 0.55 to 0.92; P=0.01), definite stent thrombosis (0.41, 0.22 to 0.76; P=0.005), definite or probable stent thrombosis (0.48, 0.31 to 0.73; P<0.001), and target vessel revascularisation (0.29, 0.20 to 0.41; P<0.001) at a median follow-up of 720 days. There was no significant difference in all cause death between groups (0.83, 0.65 to 1.06; P=0.14). Findings remained unchanged at multivariable regression after adjustment for the acuity of clinical syndrome (for instance, acute coronary syndrome v stable coronary artery disease), diabetes mellitus, female sex, use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and up to one year v longer duration treatment with dual antiplatelets. Conclusions: This meta-analysis offers evidence that compared with bare metal stents the use of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents improves global cardiovascular outcomes including cardiac survival, myocardial infarction, and overall stent thrombosis.

Effects of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents or bare metal stent on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: patient level meta-analysis

Objectives: To examine the safety and effectiveness of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents compared with bare metal stents. Design: Individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Cox proportional regression models stratified by trial, containing random effects, were used to assess the impact of stent type on outcomes. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence interval for outcomes were reported. Data sources and study selection: Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials that compared cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents with bare metal stents were selected. The principal investigators whose trials met the inclusion criteria provided data for individual patients. Primary outcomes: The primary outcome was cardiac mortality. Secondary endpoints were myocardial infarction, definite stent thrombosis, definite or probable stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularisation, and all cause death. Results: The search yielded five randomised controlled trials, comprising 4896 participants. Compared with patients receiving bare metal stents, participants receiving cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents had a significant reduction of cardiac mortality (hazard ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.91; P=0.01), myocardial infarction (0.71, 0.55 to 0.92; P=0.01), definite stent thrombosis (0.41, 0.22 to 0.76; P=0.005), definite or probable stent thrombosis (0.48, 0.31 to 0.73; P<0.001), and target vessel revascularisation (0.29, 0.20 to 0.41; P<0.001) at a median follow-up of 720 days. There was no significant difference in all cause death between groups (0.83, 0.65 to 1.06; P=0.14). Findings remained unchanged at multivariable regression after adjustment for the acuity of clinical syndrome (for instance, acute coronary syndrome v stable coronary artery disease), diabetes mellitus, female sex, use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and up to one year v longer duration treatment with dual antiplatelets. Conclusions: This meta-analysis offers evidence that compared with bare metal stents the use of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents improves global cardiovascular outcomes including cardiac survival, myocardial infarction, and overall stent thrombosis.

Kinetic study of the cobalt electrodeposition onto glassy carbon electrode from ammonium sulfate solutions

We carried out an electrochemical study of the cobalt electrodeposition onto glassy carbon electrode from an aqueous solution containing 10-2 M of CoSO4 + 1 M (NH4)2SO4 at natural pH 4.5. The potentiostatic study indicated a progressive 3D nucleation and growth during the deposition process. The average diffusion coefficient calculated for this system was 2.65 X 10-6 cm² s-1 while the ΔG for the formation of stable nucleus was 6.50 X 10-20 J/nuclei. The scanning electron microscopy images indicated the formation of small and homogeneous nucleus onto GCE of approximately 300 nm.

Cobalt electrodeposition onto highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) electrode from ammonium sulfate solutions

It was carried out an electrochemical study of the cobalt electrodeposition onto HOPG electrode from an aqueous solution containing 10-2 M of CoSO4 + 1M (NH4)2SO4. Nucleation parameters such as nucleation rate, density of active nucleation sites, saturation nucleus and the rate constant of the proton reduction reaction (kPR) were determined from potentiostatic studies. An increase in kPR values with the decrease in the applied potential suggested a competition between H+ and Co2+ by the active sites on the surface. The ΔG energy calculated for the formation of stable nucleus was 8.21x10-21 J/nuclei. The AFM study indicated the formation of small clusters of 50-400 nm in diameter and 2-120 nm in height.

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop for simultaneous separation/preconcentration of nickel, cobalt and copper prior to determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop for simultaneous extraction of trace amounts of nickel, cobalt and copper followed by their determination with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was developed. 300 µL of acetone and 1-undecanol was injected into an aqueous sample containing diethyldithiocarbamate complexes of metal ions. For a sample volume of 10 mL, enrichment factors of 277, 270 and 300 and detection limits of 1.2, 1.1 and 1 ng L-1 for nickel, cobalt and copper were obtained, respectively. The method was applied to the extraction and determination of these metals in different water samples.

Kinetical study about the cobalt electrodeposition onto polycrystalline platinum

An electrochemical study of Co electrodeposition onto polycrystalline Pt from an aqueous solution containing 10-2 M CoCl2 + 1 M NH4CI (pH = 9.3) was conducted at overpotential conditions. The current density transients showed two maxima that corresponded to two nucleation and growth processes. The entire transient behavior was adequately predicted considering the contribution to the total current of four different processes: a Langmuir-type adsorption process, a diffusion-controlled two-dimensional instantaneous nucleation, and two three-dimensional nucleation and growth processes.

Thermoanalytical study of the complexes of 4-dimetilaminocinnamylidenepiruvate with manganese (II), cobalt (II), nickel (II), cupper (II), zinc (II) and lead (II), in the solid state

Solid state compounds M-4-DMCP, where 4-DMCP is 4-dimethylaminocinnamylidenepyruvate and M represents Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) were prepared. These compounds were studied by thermoanalitycal techniques: thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction powder patterns and complexometric titration with EDTA. From the results obtained by the complexometric titration with EDTA, TG, DTG and DSC curves, was possible to establish the hydration degree, stoichiometry and thermal stability of the prepared compounds.

Use of experimental design in the optimisation of a solid phase preconcentration system for Cobalt determination by GFAAS

In this work is proposed a solid phase preconcentration system of Co2+ ions and its posterior determination by GFAAS in which fractional factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM) were used for optimization of the variables associated with preconcentration system performance. The method is based on cobalt extraction as a complex Co2+-PAN (1:2) in a mini-column of polyurethane foam (PUF) impregnated with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-naphthol (PAN) followed by elution with HCl solution and its determination by GFAAS. The chemical and flow variables studied were pH, buffer concentration, eluent concentration and preconcentration and elution flow rates. Results obtained from fractional factorial design 2(5-1) showed that only the variables pH, buffer concentration and interaction (pH X buffer concentration) based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) were statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Under optimised conditions, the method provided an enrichment factor of 11.6 fold with limit of detection and quantification of 38 and 130 ng L-1, respectively, and linear range varying from 0.13 to 10 µg L-1. The precision (n = 9) assessed by relative standard deviation (RSD) was respectively 5.18 and 2.87% for 0.3 and 3.0 µg L-1 cobalt concentrations.

Gutenberg 1900:57

Gutenberg-lehti ilmestyi vuosina 1893-1915. Se oli perustettu ammattilehdeksi ja yhdyssiteeksi Suomen kirjanpainajille sekä äänenkannattajaksi Suomen kirjaltajaliitolle.

Hymnus op. 57

Soitinnus: sellot (16).

Sarcoma sinovial de extremidades com doença localizada ao diagnóstico: tratamento e padrões de recidiva em 57 casos

OBJETIVOS: Os sarcomas sinoviais são tumores raros e agressivos que acometem adultos jovens, com sobrevida doençaespecífica em cinco anos de 57 a 63%. O presente estudo analisa a experiência institucional com este tumor, dando ênfase à associação entre variáveis clínicas, padrões de recorrência e sobrevida. MÉTODO: Entre 1970 e 2001 foram identificados 57 pacientes com sarcomas sinoviais. Fatores demográficos, clínicos e anatomopatológicos foram pesquisados. Associações entre variáveis clínicas e a sobrevida livre de recidiva local, livre de metástases e doença-específica em cinco anos foram calculadas. RESULTADOS: A idade mediana dos pacientes foi 26 anos, 56% eram masculinos, 79% eram brancos. Localizavam-se em membro inferior em 74%, proximalmente em 53%. O sintoma mais comum foi a presença de tumor em 42%. Na admissão 18% eram intactos, 42% manipulados e 40% recidivados. A maioria era maior que 5 cm., e três pacientes apresentavam metástase linfonodal. A cirurgia mais freqüente foi ressecção ampla, 30% necessitou amputação. Margens amplas foram obtidas em 65%, 51% eram tumores bifásicos. Neoadjuvância foi utilizada em 46% e adjuvância em 58% dos casos. As sobrevidas livre de recidiva local , metástases e doença específica em cinco anos foram 60±8%, 47±7% e 58±7%. A localização proximal do tumor associou-se com preservação de membro (p=-0,001), margens inadequadas (p=0,006) e subtipo bifásico (p=0,047). CONCLUSÕES: Os dados confirmam a hipótese de tratar-se de tumor agressivo, com altos índices de recidiva local e à distância. Os resultados do tratamento são comparáveis a outros centros especializados. Tratamento fora destes centros deve ser desencorajado.

Volvo PV 53-57 ja 801-802 voiteluohjeita

kuv., 18 x 12 cm

Traumatismo da medula espinhal em cães e gatos: estudo prospectivo de 57 casos

O traumatismo da medula espinhal é uma causa comum de disfunção neurológica em cães e gatos. Lesões nestas espécies ocorrem devido a vários tipos de acidentes, podendo ocasionar sequelas que prejudicam o paciente como animais de estimação ou lesões que comprometam a vida. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi a monitoração intensiva de animais com lesão medular atendidos entre 8/2009 e 11/2010 no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, estudando os fatores epidemiológicos e etiológicos, fatores de risco, segmentos medulares mais afetados, resultados dos tratamentos conservativo ou cirúrgico, relação entre o tempo de atendimento e a recuperação do animal, eficácia e efeitos colaterais do succinato sódico de metilprednisolona, complicações, sequelas e evolução do quadro. Durante este período foram acompanhados 57 animais (48 cães e nove gatos). Observou-se predominância de animais machos (68%) e domiciliados (79%). A principal causa de lesão foi o atropelamento (66%). O tempo entre o trauma e o atendimento foi menos de oito horas em 42% dos casos e mais de um dia em 51%. O segmento medular mais atingido foi o toracolombar (52%). Vinte animais foram submetidos à eutanásia após o atendimento inicial devido ao prognóstico reservado. O tratamento conservativo com repouso e/ou imobilização externa foi realizado em 29 animais e um bom resultado com esta modalidade foi obtida em 72,4% dos casos: houve recuperação funcional total em 17 (58,6%) animais e parcial em quatro (13,8%). Quatro animais não se recuperaram e quatro animais morreram. Oito pacientes foram submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico, sendo que três animais recuperaram-se, um paciente não apresentou recuperação e quatro morreram ou foram submetidos a eutanásia devido a complicações no trans ou pós-operatório. O tratamento conservativo foi viável, principalmente em cães com lesão medular cervical.

Atlas" vodânogo soobŝenìâ meždu gorodom" Tamerforsom" i Kirhšpilem" Virdojs" = Kartasto osoittava vesimatkat Tampereen kaupungin ja Wirtain pitäjän välillä, toimitettu vuosina 1856, 57 ja 58 sotalaivaston perämiesosaston upsierien Näsijärven vesillä tekemäin mittausten mukaan

Kansinimeke: Näsijärven Walta-Kartta

Meditationes sancti evangelii 57

Arkit: A-B4.