Aplicação de um SIG no ordenamento do território para a implantação de uma central de ciclo combinado

Dissertação apresentada por Elisabete de Jesus Barrelas Lopes Raimundo à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ordenamento do Território e Planeamento Ambiental

Antimicrobial resistance and plasmid detection in strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group

Resistant populations of the Bacteroides fragilis group bacteria (two reference ones and two isolated from human and Callithrix penicillata marmoset) were obtained by the gradient plate technique, to clindamycin, penicillin G, metronidazole and mercuric chloride. All the four tested strains were originaly susceptible to the four antimicrobial drugs at the breakpoint used in this study. MICs determination for the four cultures gave constant values for each antimicrobial, on the several steps by the gradient plate technique. The intestinal human B. fragilis strains showed three DNA bands, that could be representative of only two plasmids in the closed covalently circular (CCC) form with molecular weights of approximately 25 and 2.5 Md. The results do not permit an association between the presence of plasmid in the human strain with the susceptibility to the studied drugs. The four strains were ß-lactamase negative in the two methods used, and no particular chromosomal genetic resistance marker was demonstred. The resistance (MIC) observed, after contact with penicillin G and mercuric chloride, were two-fold in the four tested strains

Optimization of the Sybr Green real time PCR for the detection of Human Herpes Virus type 6 (HHV-6)

HHV-6 is the etiological agent of Exanthem subitum which is considered the sixth most frequent disease in infancy. In immuno-compromised hosts, reactivation of latent HHV-6 infection may cause severe acute disease. We developed a Sybr Green Real Time PCR for HHV-6 and compared the results with nested conventional PCR. A 214 pb PCR derived fragment was cloned using pGEM-T easy from Promega system. Subsequently, serial dilutions were made in a pool of negative leucocytes from 10-6 ng/µL (equivalent to 2465.8 molecules/µL) to 10-9 (equivalent to 2.46 molecules/µL). Dilutions of the plasmid were amplified by Sybr Green Real Time PCR, using primers HHV3 (5' TTG TGC GGG TCC GTT CCC ATC ATA 3)'and HHV4 (5' TCG GGA TAG AAA AAC CTA ATC CCT 3') and by conventional nested PCR using primers HHV1 (outer): 5'CAA TGC TTT TCT AGC CGC CTC TTC 3'; HHV2 (outer): 5' ACA TCT ATA ATT TTA GAC GAT CCC 3'; HHV3 (inner) and HHV4 (inner) 3'. The detection threshold was determined by plasmid serial dilutions. Threshold for Sybr Green real time PCR was 24.6 molecules/µL and for the nested PCR was 2.46 molecules/µL. We chose the Real Time PCR for diagnosing and quantifying HHV-6 DNA from samples using the new Sybr Green chemistry due to its sensitivity and lower risk of contamination.

Chagas disease cardiomyopathy: current concepts of an old disease

Chagas disease continues to be a significant public health problem, as ca. 10 million people are still infected with T. cruzi in Latin America. Decades after primary infection, 30% of individuals can develop a form of chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy known as Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC). Data from both murine models and human studies support the view that an autoimmune response as well as a parasite-driven immune response involving inflammatory cytokines and chemokines may both play a role in generating the heart lesions leading to CCC. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the understanding of the immunopathogenesis of Chagas disease cardiomyopathy.

Inteligência artificial aplicada na previsão de mercados financeiros

Neste documento, são investigados vários métodos usados na inteligência artificial, com o objetivo de obter previsões precisas da evolução dos mercados financeiros. O uso de ferramentas lineares como os modelos AR, MA, ARMA e GARCH têm muitas limitações, pois torna-se muito difícil adaptá-los às não linearidades dos fenómenos que ocorrem nos mercados. Pelas razões anteriormente referidas, os algoritmos como as redes neuronais dinâmicas (TDNN, NARX e ESN), mostram uma maior capacidade de adaptação a estas não linearidades, pois não fazem qualquer pressuposto sobre as distribuições de probabilidade que caracterizam estes mercados. O facto destas redes neuronais serem dinâmicas, faz com que estas exibam um desempenho superior em relação às redes neuronais estáticas, ou outros algoritmos que não possuem qualquer tipo de memória. Apesar das vantagens reveladas pelas redes neuronais, estas são um sistema do tipo black box, o que torna muito difícil extrair informação dos pesos da rede. Isto significa que estes algoritmos devem ser usados com precaução, pois podem tornar-se instáveis.

PREDICTIVE FACTORS FOR THE PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITHOUT LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION

The identification of predictors for the progression of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) is essential to ensure adequate patient management. This study looked into a non-concurrent cohort of 165 CCC patients between 1985 and 2010 for independent predictors for CCC progression. The outcomes were worsening of the CCC scores and the onset of left ventricular dysfunction assessed by means of echo-Doppler cardiography. Patients were analyzed for social, demographic, epidemiologic, clinical and workup-related variables. A descriptive analysis was conducted, followed by survival curves based on univariate (Kaplan-Meier and Cox’s univariate model) and multivariate (Cox regression model) analysis. Patients were followed from two to 20 years (mean: 8.2). Their mean age was 44.8 years (20-77). Comparing both iterations of the study, in the second there was a statistically significant increase in the PR interval and in the QRS duration, despite a reduction in heart rates (Wilcoxon < 0.01). The predictors for CCC progression in the final regression model were male gender (HR = 2.81), Holter monitoring showing pauses equal to or greater than two seconds (HR = 3.02) increased cardiothoracic ratio (HR = 7.87) and time of use of digitalis (HR = 1.41). Patients with multiple predictive factors require stricter follow-up and treatment.

Correcção de Scatter em imagens de mamografia por emissão de positrões (PEM) por método de dupla janela de energia

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica

What is the value of value-at-risk after all?: A conditional approach using quantile regressions

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Evolução da cardiopatia chagásica crônica I - influência da parasitemia

No período de 8 anos (1982-1990) foi avaliada a evolução da cardiopatia chagásica crônica (CCC),pelo estudo eletrocardiográfico de repouso, edaparasitemiapeloxenodiagnóstico em 279pacientes, 85 homens e 194mulheres, com idades de 7a 76 anos (média = 42,6 anos), todos do municípios de Virgem da Lapa, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. De acordo com os resultados dos eletrocardiogramas classificamos a evolução da CCC em inalterada (El) - quando não havia mudança no padrão inicial do traçado, progressiva (EP) - quando havia mudança de normal para alterado ou pelo agravamento das alterações € regressiva (ER) - quando havia normalização ou redução da gravidade das alterações. De acordo com os resultados dosxenodiagnósticos (mínimo de 3 e máximo de 8 por paciente), 120 pacientes foram considerados com parasitemia positiva - um ou mais exames positivos e 159 com parasitemia negativa - todos os exames negativos. Os resultados mostraram: a) EI em 172 (61,6%) pacientes, EP em 99 (35,5%) e ER em 8 (2,9%), sem diferença significativa entre o tipo de evolução e o tipo de parasitemia; b)a EP foi crescente com a idade tanto no grupo com parasitemia positiva como no grupo com parasitemia negativa e significativamente maior nos homens emrelação ásmulheres, independentemente do tipode parasitemia. Com estes achados podemos afirmar que o aparecimento ou a progressão da CCC não se mostraram associadas ao tipo de parasitemia, mas sim ao sexo masculino e ao aumento da idade dos pacientes, sugerindo que a parasitemia não está relacionada com o agravamento da cardiopatia chagásica crônica.

Cash conversion cycle across industries

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Modeling and forecasting value-at-risk for the Portuguese stock market

The aim of this work project is to find a model that is able to accurately forecast the daily Value-at-Risk for PSI-20 Index, independently of the market conditions, in order to expand empirical literature for the Portuguese stock market. Hence, two subsamples, representing more and less volatile periods, were modeled through unconditional and conditional volatility models (because it is what drives returns). All models were evaluated through Kupiec’s and Christoffersen’s tests, by comparing forecasts with actual results. Using an out-of-sample of 204 observations, it was found that a GARCH(1,1) is an accurate model for our purposes.

Improving accuracy of inflation forecasts using macroeconomic information

This thesis examines the effects of macroeconomic factors on inflation level and volatility in the Euro Area to improve the accuracy of inflation forecasts with econometric modelling. Inflation aggregates for the EU as well as inflation levels of selected countries are analysed, and the difference between these inflation estimates and forecasts are documented. The research proposes alternative models depending on the focus and the scope of inflation forecasts. I find that models with a Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) in mean process have better explanatory power for inflation variance compared to the regular GARCH models. The significant coefficients are different in EU countries in comparison to the aggregate EU-wide forecast of inflation. The presence of more pronounced GARCH components in certain countries with more stressed economies indicates that inflation volatility in these countries are likely to occur as a result of the stressed economy. In addition, other economies in the Euro Area are found to exhibit a relatively stable variance of inflation over time. Therefore, when analysing EU inflation one have to take into consideration the large differences on country level and focus on those one by one.

Predictive value of clinical and electrophysiological variables in patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia

OBJECTIVE: Risk stratification of patients with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) and chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC). METHODS: Seventy eight patients with CCC and NSVT were consecutively and prospectively studied. All patients underwent to 24-hour Holter monitoring, radioisotopic ventriculography, left ventricular angiography, and electrophysiologic study. With programmed ventricular stimulation. RESULTS: Sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) was induced in 25 patients (32%), NSVT in 20 (25.6%) and ventricular fibrillation in 4 (5.1%). In 29 patients (37.2%) no arrhythmia was inducible. During a 55.7-month-follow-up, 22 (28.2%) patients died, 16 due to sudden death, 2 due to nonsudden cardiac death and 4 due to noncardiac death. Logistic regression analysis showed that induction was the independent and main variable that predicted the occurrence of subsequent events and cardiac death (probability of 2.56 and 2.17, respectively). The Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test showed that survival probability was significantly lower in the inducible group than in the noninductible group. The percentage of patients free of events was significantly higher in the noninducible group. CONCLUSION: Induction of SMVT during programmed ventricular stimulation was a predictor of arrhythmia occurrence cardiac death and general mortality in patients with CCC and NSVT.

Padrão circadiano dos episódios de taquicardia ventricular em portadores de cardiopatia chagásica

Cardiomiopatia chagásica crônica (CCC) causa arritmias ventriculares e morte súbita, sendo a mais freqüente causa de óbito em muitas áreas endêmicas1,2. A variação circadiana na incidência de arritmias ventriculares e morte súbita difere de acordo com o substrato (p. ex: picos matinais e noturnos na cardiopatia isquêmica e na cardiomiopatia dilatada não-chagásica). Cardioversores-desfibriladores implantáveis de terceira geração (CDI) conseguem registrar o dia e a hora de cada episódio de taquicardia ventricular (TV), permitindo uma análise dos padrões de ocorrência de taquiarritmias. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variação circadiana da TV espontânea em portadores de CCC tratados com CDI.

Envolvimento de auto-anticorpos na fisiopatologia da Doença de Chagas

A doença de Chagas é um sério problema de saúde na América Latina. Entre 25% e 30% dos pacientes infectados evoluem para a forma crônica (CCC), observando-se danos miocárdicos progressivos e, freqüentemente, morte súbita. Anticorpos com atividade para receptores de membrana acoplados a proteína G, adrenérgicos ou colinérgicos podem estar presentes no soro desses pacientes. No presente artigo serão discutidas a etiologia e a contribuição dos anticorpos na fisiopatologia da doença de Chagas.