Comunitats globals d'aprenentatge : pensar globalment i actuar localment. 'Comunidades globales : pensar globalmente y actuar localmente'.

Resumen del autor en catalán

Els mètodes de lectura i la llengua materna en els rendiments escolars globals dels nens del Cicle Inicial i Mitjà d'EGB. 'Los métodos de lectura y la lengua materna en los rendimientos escolares globales de los niños de Ciclo Inicial y Medio de EGB.

Valorar comparativamente la diferencia de las notas globales de los niños de primero a cuarto de EGB para comprobar si los métodos de aprendizaje lector que utilizaron y la lengua materna de los niños determina su rendimiento académico global. 460 alumnos de primer curso de EGB de 12 escuelas públicas pertenecientes a 8 comarcas de la división territorial de Catalunya. Algunas escuelas imparten toda la enseñanza en catalán y el resto imparte el aprendizaje lector en castellano. En cada comarca se ubica una escuela que utiliza la metodología de marcha analítica y otra que utiliza la metodología de marcha sintética. Investigación ex post facto que intenta reflexionar y operativizar el rendimiento académico de los niños hacia el aprendizaje bilingüe o monolingüe en un método lector de marcha sintética o de marcha analítica con un estudio longitudinal, y también respecto a la lectura en el éxito escolar de los alumnos a partir de un estudio transversal en alumnos de primero a cuarto de EGB. Variables independientes: método de aprendizaje de la lectura y lengua usual del aprendizaje lector y escrito. Variables dependientes: rendimiento académico global y específico de las pruebas aplicadas. Actas de final de curso para evaluar las variables dependientes de los sujetos. Cuestionario ad hoc de los factores relativos al rendimiento escolar. Con éste se evalúan y ponderan las variables independientes e intervinientes. Cuestionario validado y fiabilizado. Entrevistas periódicas con los profesores de los alumnos participantes que ponderan la influencia de las variables intervinientes con las dependientes y permite aislar las variables extrañas. Análisis de la varianza. Comparación de medias. Análisis de Oneway (rangos de Duncad). Frecuencias. Correlación parcial y múltiple. Diseño factorial 2x2. Constata que los métodos de lectura en los que los niños han aprendido a leer y a escribir, así como la lengua usual en la que ellos desarrollan sus trabajos, son dos factores significativamente determinantes de sus rendimientos académicos en el Ciclo Inicial y Medio, y, consecuentemente, predictores valiosos del posible fracaso escolar en la EGB.

Children born preterm have high risk for central auditory processing deficits, as indexed by the auditory brain event-related potentials (ERPs). 'Los niños prematuros tienen un alto riesgo de dificultades en el procesamiento auditivo central, evidenciadas mediante los potenciales evocados auditivos'.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación. Resumen en español

Born-Oppenheimer failure in the separation of low frequency vibrations

Changes in the effective potential function of a low-frequency large-amplitude molecular vibration, resulting from excitation of a high-frequency vibration, are discussed. It is shown that in some situations a significant contribution to such changes may arise from failure of the Born-Oppenheimer separation of the low-frequency mode. In the particular example of the HF dimer, recent evidence that the tunneling barrier increases on exciting either of the H-stretching vibrations is probably due to this effect.

The fractured lives of German Bohemian children, born 1933-40 in the area known as Sudetenland: a memory study, Nablonz-Neugablonz

At the Paris Peace Conferences of 1918-1919, new states aspiring to be nation-states were created for 60 million people, but at the same time 25 million people found themselves as ethnic minorities. This change of the old order in Europe had a considerable impact on one such group, more than 3 million Bohemian German-speakers, later referred to as Sudeten Germans. After the demise of the Habsburg Empire In 1918, they became part of the new state of Czechoslovakia. In 1938, the Munich Agreement – prelude to the Second World War – integrated them into Hitler’s Reich; in 1945-1946 they were expelled from the reconstituted state of Czechoslovakia. At the centre of this War Child case study are German children from the Northern Bohemian town and district, formerly known as Gablonz an der Neisse, famous for exquisite glass art, now Jablonec nad Nisou in the Czech Republic. After their expulsion they found new homes in the post-war Federal Republic of Germany. In addition, testimonies have been drawn upon of some Czech eyewitnesses from the same area, who provided their perspective from the other side, as it were. It turned out to be an insightful case study of the fate of these communities, previously studied mainly within the context of the national struggle between Germans and Czechs. The inter-disciplinary research methodology adopted here combines history and sociological research to demonstrate the effect of larger political and social developments on human lives, not shying away from addressing sensitive political and historical issues, as far as these are relevant within the context of the study. The expellees started new lives in what became Neugablonz in post-war Bavaria where they successfully re-established the industries they had had to leave behind in 1945-1946. Part 1 of the study sheds light on the complex Czech-German relationship of this important Central European region, addressing issues of democracy, ethnicity, race, nationalism, geopolitics, economics, human geography and ethnography. It also charts the developments leading to the expulsion of the Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovakia after 1945. What is important in this War Child study is how the expellees remember their history while living as children in Sudetenland and later. The testimony data gained indicate that certain stereotypes often repeated within the context of Sudeten issues such as the confrontational nature of inter-ethnic relations are not reflected in the testimonies of the respondents from Gablonz. In Part 2 the War Child Study explores the memories of the former Sudeten war children using sociological research methods. It focuses on how they remember life in their Bohemian homeland and coped with the life-long effects of displacement after their expulsion. The study maps how they turned adversity into success by showing a remarkable degree of resilience and ingenuity in the face of testing circumstances due to the abrupt break in their lives. The thesis examines the reasons for the relatively positive outcome to respondents’ lives and what transferable lessons can be deduced from the results of this study.

Electronic properties of liquid hydrogen fluoride: A sequential quantum mechanical/Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics approach

The electronic properties of liquid hydrogen fluoride (HF) were investigated by carrying out sequential quantum mechanics/Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics. The structure of the liquid is in good agreement with recent experimental information. Emphasis was placed on the analysis of polarisation effects, dynamic polarisability and electronic excitations in liquid HF. Our results indicate an increase in liquid phase of the dipole moment (similar to 0.5 D) and isotropic polarisability (5%) relative to their gas-phase values. Our best estimate for the first vertical excitation energy in liquid HF indicates a blue-shift of 0.4 +/- 0.2 eV relative to that of the gas-phase monomer (10.4 eV). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Numerical test of Born-Oppenheimer approximation in chaotic systems

We study the validity of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation in chaotic dynamics. Using numerical solutions of autonomous Fermi accelerators. we show that the general adiabatic conditions can be interpreted as the narrowness of the chaotic region in phase space. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.