A gestão do conhecimento no corpo de intendentes da Marinha do Brasil: desafios e oportunidades na busca pela excelência da aprendizagem organizacional

Utilizando-se da perspectiva das teorias sobre Gestão do Conhecimento (GC), este trabalho tem como objetivo principal identificar os problemas e desafios que se apresentam às Organizações Militares responsáveis pela formação, especialização, aperfeiçoamento e capacitação dos Oficiais do Corpo de Intendentes da Marinha (CIM). Para tanto, são apresentados alguns conceitos relevantes sobre a Gestão do Conhecimento, bem como a sua importância na Administração Pública, em particular nos ambientes hierarquizados, como é o caso das Forças Armadas. Posteriormente, é feita uma breve contextualização sobre o caso, no que tange à estrutura organizacional analisada e os princípios do Programa Netuno, bem como sobre a busca pela excelência na gestão pública como fonte inspiradora. Utilizando-se da metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa, o trabalho busca compreender os principais aspectos relacionados à gestão do conhecimento, ressaltando as principais barreiras e facilitadores ao compartilhamento do conhecimento neste segmento, bem como elencando as principais ferramentas práticas observadas, e não se privando de trazer à tona algumas ferramentas sugeridas pelos entrevistados. Na sequência, traz a percepção de que o próprio Programa Netuno, fazendo uso de seu sítio eletrônico, possui atributos para assumir o papel de um contexto capacitante – “Ba” – especialmente no ambiente virtual de compartilhamento do conhecimento, o qual oferece muitas oportunidades para consolidação da GC no Corpo de Intendentes da Marinha. E por fim, não menos importante, o trabalho conclui que o Centro de Instrução Almirante Newton Braga (CIANB) tem enorme potencial para se tornar a “Universidade Corporativa do Corpo de Intendentes da Marinha”.

Gestão do conhecimento na administração pública e uso de tecnologia da informação para melhoria dos resultados: o caso do Corpo de Intendentes da Marinha

Vivemos em uma sociedade cada vez mais globalizada, atenta, informada e exigente com os serviços prestados pelas organizações públicas e privadas. A tecnologia disponibiliza a um número cada vez maior de pessoas, em tempo real, um conjunto enorme de informações, opiniões, possibilitando que elas interajam com diferentes culturas e, desconsiderando suas distâncias, as unem de forma nunca antes experimentada pela humanidade. A influência da tecnologia vem trazendo consequências tão profundas ao nosso estilo de vida que, a cada nova invenção, novas experiências podem ser vividas e palavras como inovação, reinvenção e mudança estão constantemente em pauta. Nesse contexto é que a gestão do conhecimento vem se tornando cada vez mais importante nos ambientes corporativos, unindo pessoas certas, desenvolvendo e compartilhando novos conhecimentos, enfim, tornando mais fácil lidar com as constantes mudanças e consequentes inseguranças geradas. Assim, este trabalho verificou qual o nível de gestão do conhecimento realizado dentro de um órgão da administração pública federal brasileira, a Marinha do Brasil, e, especificamente no seu Corpo de Intendentes, mediu em oito de suas principais organizações militares, por meio de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, como essa ferramenta vem sendo utilizada. Ao final, de forma propositiva, com base nos resultados das avaliações realizadas e na revisão teórica, foi sugerida uma estrutura de gestão do conhecimento que possibilite melhorar os atuais níveis de gestão do conhecimento detectados, contribuindo para que ações empreendidas nesse sentido sejam mais eficazes, eficientes e efetivas, acelerando, portanto, o desenvolvimento dessas organizações.

O uso das Forças Armadas em atividades subsidiárias: o caso da Marinha do Brasil

A partir da redemocratização, as Forças Armadas passaram a assumir de forma cada vez mais frequente atividades estranhas à sua função precípua de defesa externa. Esse estudo pretendeu analisar o caso da Marinha do Brasil, e avaliar o impacto, para a Força, da assunção de funções subsidiárias. Para isso, foram coletados dados sobre a parcela de recursos provisionados à Marinha, para o financiamento de tais atividades, e sobre o quantitativo de pessoal e meios da Força Naval reservados ao cumprimento dessas missões. Os dados orçamentários foram levantados através de consulta ao Sistema do Plano Diretor, sistema informatizado específico da Marinha do Brasil. Os dados estatísticos foram extraídos do Anuário Estatístico da Marinha 2013/2014; do Memento nº 68 do Ministério da Defesa; junto às Organizações Militares da Marinha; em pesquisas realizadas nos sites da intranet e em publicações da Força Naval. Os resultados evidenciam que houve um crescimento considerável dos recursos destinados ao financiamento das atividades subsidiárias, ao longo do período 2001-2014, mais evidente a partir do governo Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e perpassando o mandato de Dilma Rousseff. Apesar disso, eles somam apenas 2% dos valores destinados à Força Naval em 2014, fatia que revela-se modesta diante da mobilização de pessoal e meios operativos necessários ao cumprimento dessas funções. Concluiu-se que o exercício de funções domésticas gera impactos negativos no aprestamento da Força, além de comprometer a qualidade da democracia, ao incentivar a ampliação da atuação militar no universo civil.

Os Programas de Reaparelhamento da Marinha do Brasil na República (1904-2014)

A modernização da Marinha do Brasil se faz necessária em face de fatores relacionados à obsolescência dos meios, incremento tecnológico e outros incentivos de ordem doméstica e internacional. No caso brasileiro, apesar de haverem diversos programas de reaparelhamento desde a proclamação da república, os programas de maior envergadura e que geraram resultados importantes ocorreram em 1910, 1977 e 2007. O Reaparelhamento da Marinha do Brasil responde principalmente a incentivos de ordem sistêmica e doméstica. A sua efetividade é o principal objetivo de um programa de incremento material, e muito mais do que orientação à defesa da pátria, os objetivos expressos na grande estratégia de um país devem preceder a decisão de repotencialização da Força. O trabalho utiliza a metodologia histórico comparativa, por meio do método denominado Process Tracing. Essa incipiente metodologia permite verificar as evidências ao longo de processos e verificar a hierarquização de cada fator por meio de testes empíricos baseados na minuciosa descrição histórica dos casos. As teorias realistas buscam explicações para o comportamento dos países em relação ao Sistema Internacional. O ambiente anárquico em que se encontram os países definem suas preferências, mas o aspecto doméstico responde fortemente a esses incentivos sistêmicos e justifica as diferentes conduções de políticas externas em ambiente similar. A teoria neoclássica considera os fatores domésticos como intervenientes neste processo. Por meio do modelo desenvolvido por Schweller (2006), este trabalho verificou que o aspecto sistêmico é determinante para o reaparelhamento da Marinha, e no âmbito doméstico o consenso e coesão das elites são necessárias, entretanto a coesão social passou de coadjuvante a uma das condições necessárias a partir do início do século XXI no processo de reaparelhamento.

Qualidade dos empregos e a carcinicultura marinha nos laboratórios da praia de Barreta/RN

To present research had for objective to study the quality of the employment in the maturation Laboratories and larviculture of the Beach of Barreta/RN, adopting for so much the criteria used by Reinecke(1999) to characterize a quality employment: surrender, benefits non salary, regularity and work reliability and of the wage, contractual status, social protection, work day, intensity of the work, risk of accidents and of occupational diseases, involvement in linked decisions to the section work, possibility for the development of professional qualifications. Of the exam of the data it was verified that the generated employments are considered employments of good quality. However, this result should be analyzed to the light of a context of extreme informality and of precarization of the work. Therefore, the results should be relativized. He/she/you imports to retain that one of the limitations of the study resides in the impossibility of generalizing the data for the whole section of the sea carcinicultura. In spite of that fact, he/she is considered that the objectives of the research were assisted fully and that the characterization of the profile of the employment generated by the section of the shrimpculture it is extremely important for the drawing of public politics gone back to foment this activity.

Terrenos de marinha: terras públicas com função social? um estudo da orla marítima de natal

This work has as its theme the social function of terrenos de marinha. Theresearch universe is the terrenos de marinha of Natal coastline, focusing on thefulfillment of its social function. Prescribed by law since the colonial period with thepurpose of protecting the coast and free movement of people and goods, theywere swathes of land not available to private use by individuals. With the transitionfrom the allotments system to the purchase and sale, regard to land access,crystallized with the creation of the Land Law in the nineteenth century, the land isheld as merchandise and terrenos de marinha, following this logic, also acquireexchange value and become capable of enjoyment by private individuals, with thecondition of tax payments to the state. This is seen until the twentieth century,when in 1988, primarily because of the Federal Constitution promulgation, begins anew cycle when is possible to use on terrenos de marinha the principle of thesocial function of property. From this perspective this study aims to identify thesocial function of terrenos de marinha in Natal, focusing on the public destinationand the use value of the city coastline. To this end, it was made a data collection inthe on-line information system of the Federal Heritage Department of Rio Grandedo Norte (SPU / RN) and in the terrenos de marinha areas, in order to find out ifthey had public or private use, or if they were empty lots, as well as if thepopulation access to the shore exist. Interviews with managers of the SPU weremade. The empirical study showed that the social function of terrenos de marinhain the city of Natal still didn´t happen, considering the constant existence of vacantlots in their areas, the lack of access in significant portions of the coastline and thereduced areas directed to common use along the coastline, minimizing its potentialof enjoyment by the population. It concludes by pointing to the existence of a newtransition phase on the terrenos de marinha, in witch, gradually, come up lawprovisions in the legal system and public policies to expand the purely taxcollection function attributed to this land for two centuries. In this direction, thesocial function of terrenos de marinha is embodied in concomitant adjustment ofthe tax collection function and the rescue of coastline use value, national heritageand a place for sociability and social relations development

Biodiversidade e abundância da ictiofauna associada ao cultivo orgânico de Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931)

The expansion of shrimp farming has caused a series of environmental impacts, often as a result of lack of planning and adequate management. Organic aquaculture has emerged as an alternative to conventional shrimp farming, and differently, aims at the economical, ecological and farming potential of other organisms, such as fishes, oysters and seaweeds. The present study aimed at evaluating the biological diversity and abundance of the ichthyofauna associated to Litopenaeus vannamei organic culture at PRIMAR farm (Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil). The sampling period consisted of four culture cycles (1, 2, 3, and 4) accomplished in four grow-out ponds (V1, V7, V2, and V4) in 2005. The first two culture cycles were carried out during the rainy season, and the last two cycles, during the dry season. Environmental (temperature, salinity, transparency, and rainfall), biodiversity (diversity and uniformity and abundance indexes) of the ichthyofauna, and shrimp productivity data were collected throughout these four culture cycles. The results obtained for the environmental variables showed that both salinity and transparency oscillated in a significant way (p < 0.001) between culture cycles. In relation to the abundance of the ichthyofauna, fifty four species associated to the organic culture of Litopenaeus vannamei were collected and identified at PRIMAR. For the biodiversity criterion, larger species richness (S = 46) and uniformity (E = 0.59 ± 0.16) were observed during cycles 3 and 4 than in cycles 1 and 2 (S = 41 and E = 0.15 ± 0.12). A positive and significant correlation was obtained for the transparency with diversity and uniformity of fish species between cycles 1 and 2 (wet season) and cycles 3 and 4 (dry season) (p < 0.017 - Shannon Index; p < 0.008 - Pielou Index, respectively). A correlation could not be established between shrimp productivity and fish biomass. However, fish biomass decreased from cycles 1 and 2 to cycles 3 and 4, concomitant with an increase in shrimp productivity, most probably due to a higher (from 58.0% to 71.0%) shrimp survival. Regarding the culture potential of the ichthyofauna, three species (Mugil curema, Mugil liza and Chaetodipterus faber) were identified as potential farming alternatives, either singly or in consortium with Litopenaeus vannamei. A fourth species (Centropomus undecimalis) was indicated as an alternative for single culture or in consortium with other fish species. In conclusion, the large diversity of estuarine fishes associated to Litopenaeus vannamei farming observed at PRIMAR clearly indicated the ecological feasibility for organic aquaculture in northeastern Brazil

Avaliação do efeito citotóxico da lectina da esponja marinha Cliona varians contra células de leucemia mielóide crônica

In this study, a BCR-ABL expressing human chronic myelogenous leukaemia cell line (K562) was used to investigate the antitumoral potential of a novel lectin (CvL) purified from the marine sponge Cliona varians. CvL inhibited the growth of K562 cells with an IC50 value of 70 g/ml, but was ineffective to normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes in the same range of concentrations tested (180 g/ml). Cell death occurred after 72 h of exposure to the lectin and with sign of apoptosis as analysed by DAPI staining. Investigation of the possible effectors of this process showed that cell death occurred in the presence of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and involved a caspase-independent pathway. Confocal fluorescence microscopy indicated a major role for the lysosomal protease cathepsin B in mediating cell death. Accordingly, pre-incubation of K562 cells with the cathepsin inhibitor L-trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido-(4-guanidino)butane (E-64) abolished the cytotoxic effect of CvL. Furthermore, we found upregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and down-modulation of p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappa B (NFB) expression in CvL-treated cells. These effects were accompanied by increased levels of p21 and downmodulation of pRb, suggesting that CvL is capable of cell cycle arrest. Collectively, these findings suggest that cathepsin B acts as death mediator in CvL-induced cytotoxicity possibly in a still uncharacterized connection with the membrane death receptor pathway

Uma Lectina D-lactose específica da esponja marinha Cinachyrella apion: purificação, caracterização e interação com Leishmania chagasi

Four different sponge species were screened using Ouchterlony agarose gel and immunodiffusion tests to identify cross-reactivity with the polyclonal antibody IgG anti-deglicosilated CvL, a lectin from Cliona varians. Crude extract from the sponge Cinachyrella apion showed cross-reactivity and also a strong haemmaglutinating activity towards human erythrocytes of all ABO groups. Thus, it was submitted to acetone fractionation, IgG anti-deglicosilated CvL Sepharose affinity chromatography, and Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC-AKTA) gel filtration on a Superose 6 10 300 column to purify a novel lectin. C. apion lectin (CaL) agglutinated all types of human erythrocytes with preference for papainized type A and O erythrocytes. The haemagglutinating activity is independent of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+ ions, and it was strongly inhibited by the disaccharide D-lactose, up to a minimum concentration of 6.25 mM. CaL molecular mass determined by FPLC-AKTA gel filtration on a Superose 12 10 300 column and SDS gel electrophoresis was approximately 124 kDa, consisting of eight subunits of 15.5 kDa, assembled by hydrophobic interactions. The lectin was relatively heat- and pH-stable. Leishmania chagasi romastigotes were agglutinated by CaL, indicating that lactose receptors could be presented in this parasite stage. These findings are indicative of the physiological defense roles of CaL and its possible use in the antibiosis of pathogenic protozoa

Caracterização parcial e atividades farmacológicas do extrato rico em polissacarídeos sulfatatos da angiosperma marinha Halodule wrightii

Sulfated polysaccharides (PS) are biomolecules with a great biotechnological potential. There are few data about PS from high plants. In addition, pharmacological activities of PS from plants have not been carrying out. The aim of this work was extract PS from the angiosperm Halodule wrightii and study their anticoagulant and antioxidant activities. Histological analysis showed the presence of the PS manly in the roots. A polysaccharide-rich extract was obtained from H. wrightii by proteolysis followed by methanol and TCA precipitation. Chemical, infra-red analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis in 1.3 diaminopropane acetate buffer confirmed the presence of sulfated polysaccharides made by glucose, galactose, xylose and sulfate residues in the proportion 1: 0,9: 1: 1. In addition polyacrilamide electrophoresis have shown that extract is mainly compose by 11kDa sulfated polysaccharides. Pharmacological analysis have shown total antioxidant capacity (CAT) that resulted in 15,21 μg for equivalent of ascorbic acid, scavenging activity of the DPPH radical with 41,36 % of scavenging, activity of reducing power with the maximum of 0,290 nm (50 % of vitamin C activity) and scavenging activity superoxide radical (O2-) with a maximum of 32,23 %. Chelating activity of metal less than 4% and scavenging activity of the radical hydroxyl (OH-) less than 2%. Time of activated partial tromboplastin (aPTT) doubling the time of coagulation from 20μg of and protrombin time (PT) was not present. The data indicate that PS from Halodule wrightii could be considered for future applications in medicine, food production or cosmetic industry

Caracterização parcial e atividades farmacológicas do extrato rico em polissacarídeos sulfatados da angiosperma marinha Halodule wrightii

Sulfated polysaccharides (PS) are biomolecules with a great biotechnological potential. There are few data about PS from high plants. In addition, pharmacological activities of PS from plants have not been carrying out. The aim of this work was extract PS from the angiosperm Halodule wrightii and study their anticoagulant and antioxidant activities. Histological analysis showed the presence of the PS manly in the roots. A polysaccharide-rich extract was obtained from H. wrightii by proteolysis followed by methanol and TCA precipitation. Chemical, infra-red analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis in 1.3 diaminopropane acetate buffer confirmed the presence of sulfated polysaccharides made by glucose, galactose, xylose and sulfate residues in the proportion 1: 0,9: 1: 1. In addition polyacrilamide electrophoresis have shown that extract is mainly compose by 11kDa sulfated polysaccharides. Pharmacological analysis have shown total antioxidant capacity (CAT) that resulted in 15,21 μg for equivalent of ascorbic acid, scavenging activity of the DPPH radical with 41,36 % of scavenging, activity of reducing power with the maximum of 0,290 nm (50 % of vitamin C activity) and scavenging activity superoxide radical (O2-) with a maximum of 32,23 %. Chelating activity of metal less than 4% and scavenging activity of the radical hydroxyl (OH-) less than 2%. Time of activated partial tromboplastin (aPTT) doubling the time of coagulation from 20μg of and protrombin time (PT) was not present. The data indicate that PS from Halodule wrightii could be considered for future applications in medicine, food production or cosmetic industry