Sustentabilidade e Inovação: um estudo sobre o plástico verde

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo verificar a perspectiva de possível substituição do plástico oriundo dos combustíveis fósseis não renováveis e esgotáveis pelo Plástico Verde, fabricado a partir do etanol de cana-de-açúcar, recurso renovável. O estudo consiste em uma pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, realizada mediante análise de artigos técnicos, informações disponíveis no site da empresa Braskem e entrevistas com atores empresariais envolvidos com o tema. Como um dos resultados da análise, a substituição tende a se tornar realidade, mas a característica de o Plástico Verde não ser biodegradável foi apontado pelos respondentes como um desafio a ser resolvido. A maioria dos respondentes afirma que, não somente o Plástico Verde, mas todos os plásticos poderiam ter o aspecto da reciclagem melhor explorado, o que implica investimento em educação e em políticas públicas. As empresas percebem a utilização do Plástico Verde como um diferencial mercadológico e uma forma de colaboração com o meio ambiente, haja vista ele ser fabricado com 100% de fontes renováveis. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a melhoria da eficiência das plantações e de políticas de reciclagem tornam-se fundamentais para o sucesso deste processo, já que há demanda por diversos setores da economia, que começam a utilizá-lo em ampla escala. Segundo a maioria dos respondentes, o Plástico Verde originado da cana-de-açúcar alcançou relevante capacidade inovativa para mitigar a extração de petróleo.

Caracterização de um compósito utilizando cimento com agregado de resíduo plástico e resíduo de gesso

The demand for environmental comfort in construction systems within the insulation and thermal comfort, plus the advent of new laws regulating the minimum requirements of comfort, disposal of solid industrial waste, construction waste, the requirements of consumers by adopting construction methods "cleaner", encouraged the development of this work. Aims technologically characterize the composite proposed in three types of samples (10%, 30% and 50% of thermoset plastic industrial waste) and raw materials: gypsum waste, cement and plastic thermosetting industrial waste in order to produce the composite with properties of thermal insulation: conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat and resistivity. The physical, structural and morphological properties of the raw materials were investigated by thermogravimetry analysis (TG / DSC), X-ray diffraction (DRX), X-ray fluorescence (FXR) and scanning electron microscopy (MEV). Obtaining mechanical properties through the compression strength test. The analysis results indicate characteristics suitable for cement matrix composite production with the addition of thermosetting plastic industrial waste and gypsum waste, with potential application of these materials in composites with properties of thermal insulation. Finally, assessing what proportion showed up with better performance. Considering the analysis and testing carried out.

Caracterização de um compósito utilizando cimento com agregado de resíduo plástico e resíduo de gesso

The demand for environmental comfort in construction systems within the insulation and thermal comfort, plus the advent of new laws regulating the minimum requirements of comfort, disposal of solid industrial waste, construction waste, the requirements of consumers by adopting construction methods "cleaner", encouraged the development of this work. Aims technologically characterize the composite proposed in three types of samples (10%, 30% and 50% of thermoset plastic industrial waste) and raw materials: gypsum waste, cement and plastic thermosetting industrial waste in order to produce the composite with properties of thermal insulation: conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat and resistivity. The physical, structural and morphological properties of the raw materials were investigated by thermogravimetry analysis (TG / DSC), X-ray diffraction (DRX), X-ray fluorescence (FXR) and scanning electron microscopy (MEV). Obtaining mechanical properties through the compression strength test. The analysis results indicate characteristics suitable for cement matrix composite production with the addition of thermosetting plastic industrial waste and gypsum waste, with potential application of these materials in composites with properties of thermal insulation. Finally, assessing what proportion showed up with better performance. Considering the analysis and testing carried out.

Equipo para disposición del plástico de cubierta de invernaderos

Equipo para disposición del plástico de cubierta de invernaderos. Este mecaniza las labores de disposición del film de plástico de cubierta de invernaderos multitúnel. Comprende el uso coordinado de una plataforma (P) y un equipo cambiador (EC). La plataforma (P) está provista de un sistema devanador-desplegador que abastece de film plástico al equipo cambiador (EC), empleándose para la extensión, tensado y fijación del plástico. La plataforma (P) se compone de un doble bastidor rectangular (1) articulado linealmente en su zona central mediante barras extensibles con mecanismo de bloqueo (2).A la estructura base, se acopla un torno devanador inferior (10), un torno devanador-desplegador superior (5) y, en ambos laterales, escaleras fijas (6), polipastos (7), barandillas de seguridad desmontables (8) y barandillas de seguridad fijas (9). El equipo cambiador (EC) se compone de un doble pórtico curvo (11) enlazado mediante peldañeado (12), que descansa sobre parejas de ruedas de rodadura (14).

Método de instalación del film plástico de cubierta para invernaderos

Método de instalación del film plástico de cubierta para invernaderos. La presente invención pretende aumentar la seguridad laboral en las labores de renovación del film plástico con su mecanización. El método contempla el empleo simultáneo de una plataforma y un equipo cambiador de plástico. La plataforma portará un rodillo devanador (1) donde se dispondrá la bobina de film plástico (2) y otro superior (3) que facilitará el devanado y desplegado del film. Como base de trabajo se empleará el equipo cambiador, que se adaptará perfectamente a la fisonomía de cubierta, de tal forma que se podrá emplear como base de apoyo para efectuar el conjunto de las labores que implica la renovación del film plástico, previas, de extendido y, posteriores, de tensado y fijación a la estructura metálica.

Diseño y construcción de un prototipo recolector de material plástico flotante en el agua

Tesis (Ingeniero(a) en Automaziación).--Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ingeniería. Programa de Ingeniería en Automatización, 2014

Desenvolvimento e crescimento da espécie de cogumelo Pleurotus ostreatus em garrafas de plástico reutilizado

Dissertação de Mestrado, Tecnologia e Segurança Alimentar, 22 de Junho de 2016, Universidade dos Açores.

Estudo do comportamento plástico, mecânico, microestrutural e térmico do concreto produzido com resíduo de porcelanato

Population growth experienced in major cities, allied to society s need of infra-structure, especially ones related to habitational demands, increases the consumption of construction materials. As a consequence, consumption of natural resources itself. Thus, due to this process, concrete is one of the most produced materials in civil construction. This is also due to the great diversity of its application, easiness in its execution and adequate mechanical performance, as well as low production costs. Following the same tendencies in construction development, the ceramic industry has intensified the production of porcelain ceramic tiles and floors. These are achieved by a fine finishing and receive polishing at the end of the fabrication process. This work researched the use of porcelain residues in polishing for the production of concrete. All of which; due to economical and environmental issues. This process aims to prove adequate destiny for this type of residue, due to environmental issues, incorporating it to the concrete itself; all of which provides economy in consumption of the materials that constitute concrete. Thus, the main characteristics of concrete were investigated through the inclusion of different concentration of the porcelain residue as additional trait element. The residue rates incorporated to the trait varied from 10% to 50% in relation to the cement mass, in the traits with plastic additives and without plastic additives. It is observed that the inclusion of porcelain residue produced a meaningful alteration in the consistency of fresh concrete. This residue has a fine granulometry and it considerably absorbed the water used in the concrete spreading, influencing the way this material is dealt with. Thus, the value of cement striking decreases with the increase of residues present in trait. The maximal incorporation of the residue was of 50%, massively, for the same factor water/initial cement. The use of residues in concrete results in an 40% increase in the compression resistance. It is also proportional to residue concentration of porcelain in the trait. The microstructure was also favored once porosity and concrete absorption decreases with the use of this residue. The parameters demonstrate the quality and durability of the concrete produced with this residue. The use of porcelain residue in concrete composition has not produced meaningful thermal behavior changes. Thermal conductivity, heat capacity and thermal diffusivity have been maintained basically constant

Análisis y desarrollo del paisaje onírico y surrealista. Utilización de la fragmentación y la simetría como recurso plástico

224 p.

Propuesta de un plan estratégico para la mediana empresa dedicada a la fabricación de plástico, ubicada en el área metropolítana de San Salvador. Caso ilustrativo.

La industria del plástico en El Salvador surge en la década de los 50`s donde aparecen las primeras empresas produciendo artículos sencillos y de utilización masiva, el plástico se ha ido incorporando a todas las sociedades igual industrializadas como agrícolas, en los lugares remotos o en las grandes ciudades, ha servido para envasar, para jugar, y para vestir, en este contexto se puede encontrar los artículos promocionales. La importancia de la industria del plástico en El Salvador representa un rubro importante en la economía del país. Por su potencial desarrollo, por ser generadora de empleos, por ser los productos plásticos los sustitutos de una gran variedad de productos naturales que se escasean, por ello el grupo investigador consideró que sería un aporte importante para la empresa ZAMI, S.A. DE C.V., la propuesta de un plan estratégico aprovechando las oportunidades y fortalezas con las que cuenta para lograr sus metas a corto y largo plazo e identificar debilidades y amenazas, y de esa manera anticiparse a ellas. La presente investigación se diseñó con el objeto de elaborar un plan estratégico para la empresa ZAMI, S.A. de C.V., fabricante de plástico, que le permita mejorar su eficiencia y rentabilidad permitiéndole contar con una orientación para sus acciones y recursos, y así, posicionarse dentro de la industria fabricante de plástico, beneficiando con ello a empleados, accionistas, proveedores y clientes. Se elaboraron instrumentos de investigación como el cuestionario y la entrevista para conocer a fondo la situación actual de la empresa en estudio por medio de las opiniones de clientes y proveedores de la empresa en estudio, así como también con sus Gerentes, con quienes se tuvo contacto. En base a esto se estructuró la propuesta que ofreciera una solución viable a cada problemática que fue encontrada, tal como se detalla a continuación: Por el incremento en el nivel de sus pedidos, la empresa ZAMI, S.A. DE C.V., ha tenido que aumentar su producción, y no posee una herramienta administrativa que le ayude a orientar sus acciones y recursos, de manera que pueda abastecer la demanda y se vuelva más competitiva en el mercado, expandiendo sus fronteras.

Logística de recogida para residuos sólidos derivados del plástico en la planta de acopio del barrio La Alquería en la ciudad de Bogotá

107 p.

Alternativas de ultimação de resíduo plástico termofixo

In the present work it was developed originals alternatives of enveronmentally safe and economically viable destination of thermoset plastic residue from a button factory, which at presnte stores such residue tempor and in a way that is inconvenient to the atmosphere, a waiting safe solutions. As the residue is not recycleab and its burning leberates strongly aggressive gases, safe alternatives were researched. Inicially, ghe residue in incineration was performed in cement ovens with precise control ofe emission of gases, but it was proved inviable due to its low calorific power, as well as the liberation of free lead in the ashes. An original and feasible option was the residue confinemente in soil-ciment blocks, lohich resulted in blocks highly resistant to simple compression with structural block, and also a significant increase in thermal resistence. Was got up other options of original and important composites as: making of blocks for pré-moulded flagstone, internal coating of walls with plaster being obtained good texture results, replenish of ceramic blocks and blocks with cement, also implying in increase of thermal resistance. Besides these original and scientific contributions, the it was technologically contribution of defreadation with suggestions of the material using torch of thermal plasm; for this was projected, built, characterized and tested a torch to it shapes it being obtained exciting results for the development of this technology come back for ending destruction from all the types of inconvenient garbage to the atmosphere