GESTÃO DE RELAÇÕES ESTRATÉGICAS INTERPESSOAIS NAS ALIANÇAS CORPORATIVAS (GRE): SINERGIA DE VALOR NA GESTÃO INTEGRADA DE RH

Este trabalho pretende apresentar e compreender o papel da gestão estratégica de pessoas, dentro de uma visão que contempla as relações interorganizacionais fora dos limites tradicionais de seu escopo nas empresas e expandidas além das dimensões formais e fronteiras que permeiam uma organização. Este estudo estabelece a importância e sistemáticas da gestão de atividades de RH, compartilhadas com a cadeia de valor externa, analisando-as nas práticas com os canais de distribuição junto aos clientes. Esta área organizacional é denominada pelo autor de GRE - Gestão das Relações Estratégicas. Baseando-se em uma pesquisa exploratória em 26 empresas, organizada a partir de cinco empresas nodais e seus canais de distribuição, utilizou-se a aplicação de um questionário de pesquisa com escala Likert e entrevistas pessoais semi-estruturadas junto aos gestores e profissionais de diversas áreas, bem como o tratamento estatístico dos dados com o programa SPSS, indicando a confirmação das questões de pesquisa relativas a GRE como sendo uma proposta de expansão das atividades do RH, focando em como se pode e devem entregar valor para a organização, para os aliados estratégicos, os investidores e fundamentalmente para os clientes.(AU)

GESTÃO DE RELAÇÕES ESTRATÉGICAS INTERPESSOAIS NAS ALIANÇAS CORPORATIVAS (GRE): SINERGIA DE VALOR NA GESTÃO INTEGRADA DE RH

Este trabalho pretende apresentar e compreender o papel da gestão estratégica de pessoas, dentro de uma visão que contempla as relações interorganizacionais fora dos limites tradicionais de seu escopo nas empresas e expandidas além das dimensões formais e fronteiras que permeiam uma organização. Este estudo estabelece a importância e sistemáticas da gestão de atividades de RH, compartilhadas com a cadeia de valor externa, analisando-as nas práticas com os canais de distribuição junto aos clientes. Esta área organizacional é denominada pelo autor de GRE - Gestão das Relações Estratégicas. Baseando-se em uma pesquisa exploratória em 26 empresas, organizada a partir de cinco empresas nodais e seus canais de distribuição, utilizou-se a aplicação de um questionário de pesquisa com escala Likert e entrevistas pessoais semi-estruturadas junto aos gestores e profissionais de diversas áreas, bem como o tratamento estatístico dos dados com o programa SPSS, indicando a confirmação das questões de pesquisa relativas a GRE como sendo uma proposta de expansão das atividades do RH, focando em como se pode e devem entregar valor para a organização, para os aliados estratégicos, os investidores e fundamentalmente para os clientes.(AU)

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) antagonist Cetrorelix down-regulates the mRNA expression of pituitary receptors for LH-RH by counteracting the stimulatory effect of endogenous LH-RH

The mechanisms through which LH-RH antagonists suppress gonadotroph functions and LH-RH receptor (LH-RH-R) production are incompletely understood. To elucidate these mechanisms, we investigated the effects of Cetrorelix on the mRNA expression of pituitary LH-RH-R and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in three experimental systems with different pituitary LH-RH environments. Ovariectomy induced 3.61-fold and 6.34-fold increases in the mRNA expression of pituitary LH-RH-R in rats after 11 and 21 days, respectively. After (5 h) a single injection of 100 μg Cetrorelix, no significant decrease occurred in the mRNA levels of pituitary LH-RH-R in ovariectomized (OVX) rats with high pituitary exposure to LH-RH, but there was a significant 23.2% reduction in cycling rats with normal hypophysial LH-RH environment. Prolonged treatment for 10 days with a Cetrorelix depot formulation releasing 100 μg/day decreased the concentration of mRNA for pituitary LH-RH-R by 72.6% in OVX rats, but only by 32.9% in normal rats. The decline in serum LH was 98.7% in OVX rats and 63.2% in normal rats, resulting in a minimal 0.1–0.2 ng/ml LH concentration in both groups. A continuous exposure of pituitary cells to 100 nM Cetrorelix in the superfusion system, which is devoid of LH-RH, did not cause any significant changes in LH-RH-R mRNA level. These studies demonstrate that prolonged exposure to Cetrorelix in vivo, but not in vitro, down-regulates the mRNA expression of the pituitary receptors for LH-RH. Our findings indicate that LH-RH antagonists exert their inhibitory effects on the gene expression of pituitary LH-RH-R by counteracting the stimulatory effect of endogenous LH-RH.

Down-regulation of pituitary receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in rats by LH-RH antagonist Cetrorelix.

Antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), unlike the LH-RH agonists, suppress gonadotropins and sex steroid secretion immediately after administration, without initial stimulatory effects. [Ac-D-Nal(2)1,D-Ph(4Cl)2,D-Pal(3)3,D-Cit6,D-Ala10]LH-R H (SB-75; Cetrorelix) is a modern, potent antagonistic analog of LH-RH. In this study, the binding characteristics of receptors for LH-RH in membrane fractions from rat anterior pituitaries were investigated after a single injection of Cetrorelix at a dose of 100 microg per rat. To determine whether the treatment with Cetrorelix can affect the concentration of measurable LH-RH binding sites, we applied an in vitro method to desaturate LH-RH receptors by chaotropic agents such as manganous chloride (MnCl2) and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN). Our results show that the percentages of occupied LH-RH receptors at 1, 3, and 6 h after administration of Cetrorelix were approximately 28%, 14%, and 10%, respectively, of total receptors. At later time intervals, we could not detect occupied LH-RH binding sites. Ligand competition assays, following in vitro desaturation, demonstrated that rat pituitary LH-RH receptors were significantly (P < 0.01) down-regulated for at least 72 h after administration of Cetrorelix. The lowest receptor concentration was found 3-6 h after Cetrorelix treatment and a recovery in receptor number began within approximately 24 h. The down-regulation of LH-RH binding sites induced by Cetrorelix was accompanied by serum LH and testosterone suppression. Higher LH-RH receptor concentrations coincided with elevated serum hormone levels at later time intervals. Our results indicate that administration of LH-RH antagonist Cetrorelix produces a marked down-regulation of pituitary receptors for LH-RH and not merely an occupancy of binding sites.

Support effects in a Rh diamine complex heterogenized on carbon materials

The Rh diamine complex [Rh(COD)NH2(CH2)2NH(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3] BF4 was heterogenized by covalent bonding on two carbon xerogels and on carbon nanofibers, with the objective of preparing hydrogenation hybrid catalysts. Gas adsorption, SEM, TEM, DTP, ICP-OES and XPS were used for characterization. The results indicate that the active molecule is mainly located in supermicropores and produces microporosity blockage. The hybrid catalysts are more active than the homogeneous complex, but the Rh complex is partially reduced upon reaction. This modification is related to the nature of the support, which also shows effects in the stabilization against sintering of the Rh particles formed. The support porosity is a key factor in the selectivity differences between the catalysts.

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol on Rh-Pt Catalysts: Influence of CeO2, ZrO2, and La2O3 as Supports

CeO2-, ZrO2-, and La2O3-supported Rh-Pt catalysts were tested to assess their ability to catalyze the steam reforming of ethanol (SRE) for H2 production. SRE activity tests were performed using EtOH:H2O:N2 (molar ratio 1:3:51) at a gaseous space velocity of 70,600 h−1 between 400 and 700 °C at atmospheric pressure. The SRE stability of the catalysts was tested at 700 °C for 27 h time on stream under the same conditions. RhPt/CeO2, which showed the best performance in the stability test, also produced the highest H2 yield above 600 °C, followed by RhPt/La2O3 and RhPt/ZrO2. The fresh and aged catalysts were characterized by TEM, XPS, and TGA. The higher H2 selectivity of RhPt/CeO2 was ascribed to the formation of small (~5 nm) and stable particles probably consistent of Rh-Pt alloys with a Pt surface enrichment. Both metals were oxidized and acted as an almost constant active phase during the stability test owing to strong metal-support interactions, as well as the superior oxygen mobility of the support. The TGA results confirmed the absence of carbonaceous residues in all the aged catalysts.

Structured carbons as supports for hydrogenation hybrid catalysts prepared by the immobilization of a Rh diamine complex

A CNF-monolith sample (carbon nanofibres grown on a ceramic monolith), and a granular carbon xerogel have been used as supports for hybrid catalysts where the active species is an Rh diamine complex. The advantages of these supports are their open porous structure and their morphology, which make catalyst handling easier and avoid difficult separation processes. The obtained catalysts are noticeably more active than the homogeneous Rh complex and are stable against leaching. At first use, partial reduction of the Rh complex takes place and nanometer-sized Rh particles develop, which increases the catalyst activity. Despite the open porous structure, mass transport limitations are present, especially in the case of the carbon xerogel based catalyst. Differences in internal mass transfer limitations are essentially due to the different diffusional path lengths.