Total laparoscopic hysterectomy: impact of body mass index on outcomes

Total laparoscopic hysterectomy: impact of body mass index on outcomes

Homogenization of scalar field cosmologies

We summarise recent results about the evolution of linear density perturbations in scalar field cosmologies with an exponential potential. We use covariant and gauge invariant perturbation variables and a dynamical systems' approach. We establish under what conditions do the perturbations decay to the future in agreement with the cosmic no-hair conjecture.

Evaluation of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the topical preparation of Cipura paludosa (Iridaceae)

Alho do mato (Cipura paludosa, Iridaceae) is a medicinal plant found in the Amazon rain forest, North of Brazil. It has been used to treat algic, inflammatory and infectious processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive action of the crude Cipura paludosa ethanolic extract at concentrations ranging between 2.0 and 4.0% in Oil and Water cream formulations for topical use. The physical-chemical stability of the formulations was monitored over a six-month period with the use of accelerated stability tests. In order to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities, we used a paw edema test induced by carrageenan and a formalin test, respectively. The paw edema test showed that there was a statistical difference in the control group in relation to the treatments. The formalin test did not confirm antinociceptive action of the treatments with the extract in the early phase of the test. However, statistical difference was confirmed for the treatments in relation to the control in the late phase. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Cipura paludosa preparations, as demonstrated in the results, at least partially support the ethno-medical uses of this plant.

Validation of the Portuguese Version of EHP-30 (The Endometriosis Health Profile-30)

Introduction: Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire-30 is currently the most used questionnaire for quality of life measurement in women with endometriosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties and to validate the Portuguese Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire-30 version. MATERIAL AND METHODS A sequential sample of 152 patients with endometriosis, followed in a Portugal reference center, were asked to complete a questionnaire on social and demographic features, the Portuguese version of the Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire-30 and of the Short Form Health Survey 36 Item â version 2. Appropriate statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, internal consistency, item-total correlation and convergent validity. RESULTS Factorial analysis confirmed the validity of the five-dimension structure of the Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire-30 core questionnaire, which explained 83.2% of the total variance. All item-total correlations presented acceptable results and high internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha ranging between 0.876 and 0.981 for the core questionnaire and between 0.863 and 0.951 for the modular questionnaire. Significant negative associations between similar scales of Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire-30 and Short Form Health Survey 36 Item â version 2 were demonstrated. Data completeness achieved was high for all dimensions. The emotional well-being scale in the core questionnaire and the infertility scale in the modular section had the highest median scores, and therefore the most negative impact on the quality of life of participating women. DISCUSSION The test-retest reliability and responsiveness of the questionnaire should be evaluated in future studies. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that the Portuguese version of the Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire-30 is a valid, reliable and acceptable tool for evaluating the health-related quality of life of Portuguese women with endometriosis.

Fatores que contribuem para a fixação do fósforo em solos do município de Piracicaba

A finalidade deste trabalho foi determinar os fatores que mais contribuem para a fixação do fósforo na camada de 0 - 20cm em 8 solos representativos do município de Piracicaba. Foram realizados dois ensaios. No primeiro foram tomadas porções de 4g de terra e agitadas durante 48 ho ras, intermitentemente, em solução de cloreto de cálcio 0,01 M contendo 500ppm de P. A seguir, fez-se a filtra çao e dosagem do teor de P do filtrado. A diferença en tre este e o da solução original foi considerada como P fixado pela amostra. As quantidades de P fixadas, expressas em ug/100g de terra, foram correlacionadas com propriedades físicas e químicas dos solos. 0 segundo ensaio constou de incubação das amostras de terra com 250ppm de P durante 15 dias. A seguir procedeu-se à extração e dosagem do P solúvel. A diferença entre a quantidade posta a incubar (250ppm) e a quantidade solúvel encontrada foi considerada fixada. Constatou-se, no primeiro ensaio, que argila e óxido de ferro livre são os principais fatores que concorrem para a fixação do P em solos do município de Piracicaba. A areia contribui para reduzir a fixação. Em ordem decrescente de capacidade de fixação os solos se comportaram do seguinte modo: Iracema > Luiz de Queiroz>Monte Olimpo > Lageadinho > Pau D'Alho > Quebra Dente = Gibóia > Ribeirão Claro. Após a incubação com 250ppm de P as terras continuaram a fixar esse elemento, mas nenhum dos fatores estudados se correlacionou com as quantidades fixadas, exceto a areia, negativamente.

"Ja sit mua sattu!" : myöhäisleikki-ikäisen lapsen käsityksiä kivusta

Opinnäytetyömme tarkoitus oli selvittää lapsen käsityksiä kivusta sadutuksen avulla. Opinnäytetyömme on osa kulttuuri lapsen pelon- ja kivunlievittäjänä- hanketta. Hankkeen ovat käynnistäneet Turun yliopiston hoitotieteen laitos, Hus lasten ja nuorten sairaala sekä Helsingin ammattikorkeakoulu Stadia. Hankkeen tarkoituksena on kehittää kulttuurisia lasta ja hänen perhettään aktivoivia pelon ja kivun lievitysmenetelmiä hoitotyön käyttöön sekä selvittää, miten erilaiset taiteen ja viestinnän keinot voivat olla avuksi lasten kivun ja pelon lievityksessä sairaalassa. Työmme toimii, yhdessä muiden hankkeeseen liittyvien opinnäytetöiden ohella, apuna kehitettäessä pelon ja kivun lievitysmenetelmiä. Opinnäytetyössämme vastasimme kysymykseen: Miten myöhäisleikki-ikäinen lapsi käsittää kivun? Aineisto (n=13) kerättiin sadututtamalla myöhäisleikki-ikäisiä lapsia. Sadutustilanne nauhoitettiin sanelukoneella ja sen jälkeen kirjoitettiin paperille. Lapsia sadutettiin eräässä helsinkiläisessä päiväkodissa. Sadut analysoitiin induktiivistä sisällönanalmyysia käyttäen neljään yläkategoriaan, jotka olivat kivun sijainti, kivun syyt, auttajat ja auttamiskeinot. Kaikissa aineistomme saduissa kipukokemus ilmeni fyysisenä kipuna. Kipua aiheuttivat tapaturmat, sairaudet ja erilaiset hoitotoimenpiteet. Saduissa kivun auttamiskeinoina esiintyivät välineelliset ja ei-välineelliset keinot. Välineellisiä keinoja olivat muun muassa kipsi, laastari ja lääke ja ei-välineellisiä keinoja esimerkiksi läheisyys, nukkuminen ja hoitaminen. Auttajiksi lapset nimesivät läheiset, hoitohenkilökunnan tai itsensä.

Venetsian karnevaalit

teksti: Irja-Leena Suhonen

Tilastollisia ongelmia matematiikan oppimisen arvioinnissa

Kirjoitus perustuu MAOL:n talvipäivillä Varkaudessa 25.1.1997 pidettyyn esitelmään.