952 resultados para Al-c-o
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En Colombia el reconocimiento de los derechos de las personas Lesbianas, Gays, Bisexuales, Transgenero e Intergenero (LGBTI) encuentra su punto de partida en la Constitución Política de 1991. Durante los primeros años de su vigencia hasta el 2007, la Corte Constitucional como órgano encargado de su interpretación, definió los derechos individuales de las personas LGBTI a partir de principios como la dignidad humana, el libre desarrollo de la personalidad, la igualdad, la prohibición de discriminar y el pluralismo. Con la expedición de la sentencia C-075 de 2007 inicia una nueva fase en la movilización de esta comunidad; por primera vez se le reconocen efectos jurídicos a las uniones conformadas por personas del mismo sexo, declarando sus derechos en la esfera de pareja, pero limitándolos al negar su estatus de familia. En el año 2011 el estudio de las parejas de personas de igual sexo dentro del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano cambia radicalmente. Mediante la sentencia C-577 de 2011, el alto tribunal declaró que estas uniones constituyen una forma de familia y por lo tanto tienen derecho a formalizar su vínculo mediante una figura jurídica de orden contractual que les brinde un margen de protección más amplio que el de la unión marital de hecho. El acceso al matrimonio civil igualitario por parte de las parejas integradas por personas del mismo sexo constituye actualmente uno de los temas más debatidos en Colombia. La discusión es significativa porque confronta el modelo tradicional de familia, pareja y matrimonio asociado con la heterosexualidad y la reproducción; adicionalmente evidencia los límites que configuran la noción de lo humano, del sujeto de derechos y de la igualdad como principio condicionado a cualidades de orden mayoritario.
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This paper presents a systematic comparison of OSL signals from Al(2)O(3):C when stimulated with blue and green light. Al(2)O(3):C detectors were irradiated with various doses and submitted to various bleaching regimes using yellow, green and blue light. Most of the investigations were carried out using Luxel (TM)-type detectors used in the commercial Luxet (TM) and InLight (TM) dosimetry systems (Landauer Inc.). Al(2)O(3):C single crystals and Al(2)O(3):C powder were also used to complement the investigations. The results show that, although blue stimulation provides faster readout times (OSL curves that decayed faster) and higher initial OSL intensity than green stimulation, blue stimulation introduced complicating factors. These include incomplete bleaching of the dosimetric trap when the Al(2)O(3):C detectors are bleached with yellow or green light and the OSL is recorded with blue light stimulation, and an increased residual level due to stimulation of charge carriers from deep traps. The results warrant caution when using blue stimulation to measure the OSL signal from Al(2)O(3):C detectors, particularly if the doses involved are low and the detectors have been previously exposed to high doses. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
Surfaces of silicon wafers implanted with N and C, respectively, and aluminum 5052 implanted with N alone by plasma immersion ion implantation WHO were probed by a nanoindentor and analyzed by the contact-angle method to provide information on surface nanohardness and wettability. Silicon nitride and silicon carbide are important ceramic materials for microelectronics, especially for high-temperature applications. These compounds can be synthesized by high-dose ion implantation. The nanohardness of a silicon sample implanted with 12-keV nitrogen PIII (with 3 X 10(17) cm(-2) dose) increased by 10% compared to the unimplanted sample, in layers deeper than the regions where the formation of the Si,N, compound occurred. A factor of 2.5 increase in hardness was obtained for C-implanted Si wafer at 35 keV (with 6 X 10(17) cm(-2) dose), again deeper than the SiC-rich layer, Both compounds are in the amorphous state and their hardness is much lower than that of the crystalline compounds, which require an annealing process after ion implantation. In the same targets, the contact angle increased by 65% and 35% for N- and C-implanted samples, respectively. Compared to the Si target, the nitrogen PIII-irradiated Al 5052 (wish 15 keV) showed negligible change in its hydrophobic character after ion implantation. Its near-surface nanohardness measurement showed a slight increase for doses of 1 X 10(17) cm(-2). We have been searching for an AlN layer of the order of 1000 A thick, using such a low-energy PIII process, but oxide formation during processing has precluded its synthesis. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.
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Sugiere introducir algunas modificaciones al Reglamento para lograr una mayor eficiencia en la labor de la Comisión
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Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB