965 resultados para 93-603_Site


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Background: The AIN-93 diet was proposed by the American Institute of Nutrition with the objective of standardising studies in experimental nutrition. Our objective was to analyze the effects of AIN-93 diet after myocardial infarction in rats.Methods: Post weaning, the animals were divided into two groups: control (C, n=62), fed the standard diet of our laboratory (Labina); AIN-93 Group (n=70), fed the AIN-93 diet. Achieving 250 g, the animals were subjected to myocardial infarction.Results: Early mortality was increased in AIN-93 animals, associated with lower serum levels of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and phosphorus. on the other hand, after 90 days, AIN-93 showed smaller normalized left ventricular dimensions. The caloric and carbohydrate intake was smaller, but the fat intake was higher in AIN-93 rats. AIN-93 group also showed increased levels of beta-hydroxyacylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase and citrate synthase. In addition, serum levels of insulin and cardiac levels of malondialdehyde, metalloproteinases-2 and -9, and TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were decreased in the AIN-93 group.Conclusion: AIN-93 diet increased early mortality, while attenuated the chronic remodeling process after experimental coronary occlusion. Therefore, this diet has biological effects and should be use with attention in this model. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The phase transitions that occur in the Cu-22.26 at.%Al-9.93 at.%Mn and Cu-22.49 at.%Al-10.01 at.%Mn-1.53 at.%Ag alloys after slow cooling were studied using differential scanning calorimetry at different heating rates, microhardness changes with temperature, magnetization changes with temperature, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. The results indicated that the presence of Ag does not modify the transition sequence of Cu-Al-Mn alloy, introduces a new transition due to the (Ag-Cu)-rich precipitates dissolution at about 800 K, and changes the mechanism of DO 3 phase dissolution. This mechanistic change was analyzed and a sequence of phase transitions was proposed for the reaction. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Incluye Bibliografía

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Este número de la Revista Notas de población contiene siete artículos, los cuales tratan diversos temas sociodemográficos de gran interés. En el primer artículo de Joice Melo se centra en el caso específico de los adolescentes en conflicto con la ley en el Brasil. El segundo artículo analiza la maternidad sin matrimonio en América Latina, prestando atención a la prevalencia actual de la fecundidad no matrimonial en los distintos países latinoamericanos. Por su parte, Montserrat Solsona analiza desde una perspectiva cualitativa las biografías de divorcio y presenta algunos resultados acerca de la nitidez y la reversibilidad de los cambios de estado, así como de sus implicaciones en la determinación de los factores determinantes y las trayectorias familiares posteriores al divorcio. En el cuarto artículo, Denise Helena França Marques y Geovane da Conceição Máximo investigan —por medio de una microsimulación contrafáctica, y teniendo en cuenta las características y atributos socioeconómicos y demográficos de los brasileños retornados durante el período 1995-2000 desde los estados Unidos y Paraguay— la importancia de la relación entre el nivel de escolaridad y el ingreso medio por hora de los emigrantes brasileños que retornan de los Estados Unidos luego de un período fijo, en el caso que estos presentaran la misma distribución de escolaridad que los retornados del Paraguay y viceversa. En tanto, Jorge Rodríguez analiza los efectos en la estructura demográfica y la segregación residencial de la migración interna en ciudades de América Latina, usando para ello metodologías novedosas que permiten estimar el efecto neto y exclusivo de la migración en atributos sociodemográficos de las zonas de origen y de destino mediante el procesamiento de microdatos censales. Mientras que en el sexto artículo, Pinto da Cunha realiza una reflexión sobre las posibles relaciones entre movilidad espacial, vulnerabilidad y procesos de segregación socioespacial de la población en las grandes aglomeraciones urbanas. Finalmente, José Eustáquio Diniz y Suzana Cavenaghi presentan y discuten las cuestiones relativas al cálculo del déficit habitacional utilizado en el Brasil, de acuerdo con la metodología propuesta por la Fundación João Pinheiro y una metodología de cálculo de la demanda habitacional demográfica desarrollada en conjunto con la Caixa Econômica Federal del Brasil, a partir de la utilización de los datos de los censos demográficos (y encuestas de hogares).

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed under natural physiological conditions and are thought to play an important role in many human diseases. A wide range of antioxidants are involved in cellular defense mechanisms against ROS, which can be generated in excess during stressful conditions, these include enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant responses of mice to two diets control, commercial and the purified AIN 93 diet, commonly used in experiments with rodents. Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities determined in the liver were lower in the group of mice fed with the AIN 93 diet, while catalase (CAT) activity was higher in the same group, when compared to the group fed on the commercial diet. Liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was similar in the groups fed on either AIN 93 or the commercial diets. Two SOD isoforms, Mn-SODII and a Cu/Zn-SODV, were specifically reduced in the liver of the AIN 93 diet fed animals. Conclusions: The clear differences in antioxidant responses observed in the livers of mice fed on the two diets suggest that the macro- and micro-nutrient components with antioxidant properties, including vitamin E, can promote changes in the activity of enzymes involved in the removal of the ROS generated by cell metabolism.