The features of synonymous codon bias and GC-content relationship in human genes

728 human genes were divided to four groups according to the GC contents of their coding sequences (from GC<0.43 to GC>0.58). Examination of synonymous-codon bias in the 4 groups show that NTG (N represents any base of T, A, C, G) is most favored and NCG

草鱼呼肠孤病毒上调稀有鮈鲫鳃中TLR3和Mx基因的表达(英文)

鳃暴露在水环境中,增加了对疾病的易感性。为了研究稀有鮈鲫人工感染草鱼呼肠孤病毒过程中鳃部先天性免疫反应机制,我们克隆了抗病毒效应分子Mx基因的部分序列,用适时荧光定量PCR检测双链RNA的模式识别受体(Toll-like receptor3,TLR3)及I型干扰素指示基因Mx的表达。TLR3和Mx基因的表达在注射病毒后12h显著升高(p<0.05),TLR3的表达水平在注射后48h恢复到正常水平(p>0.05),而Mx的高水平表达一直持续到实验结束(p<0.05)。结果表明在GCRV感染中,鳃能发生局部免

不同填料在高负荷垂直流人工湿地系统中净化能力的研究

选取砾石、沸石、无烟煤、页岩、蛭石、陶瓷滤料、高炉钢渣、圆陶粒8种填料,在较高水力负荷(1000～2500mm·d-1)的条件下,进行垂直流人工湿地模拟柱净化污水实验。结果表明,无烟煤、圆陶粒、砾石具有较好去除有机物的能力,对COD的去除率达到50%以上;钢渣和无烟煤对BOD的去除率达到70%以上。沸石和陶瓷滤料对总氮和氨氮的去除率达到70%以上,其他几种填料对总氮和氨氮的去除率仅为20%左右。高炉钢渣和无烟煤具有较好去除磷的能力,高炉钢渣对总磷和总溶解性磷的去除率达到90%以上,无烟煤对总磷和总溶解性磷

几种培养方法对萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)种群密度及其环境因子影响的比较研究

分别利用泥鳅 -藻 -轮虫和罗非鱼 -藻 -轮虫共生隔离培养的方法 ,研究萼花臂尾轮虫 ( Brachionuscalyciflorus)的种群密度和主要环境因子的变化。研究结果表明 :加入泥鳅的培养缸中 ,有 1 1 d轮虫数量超过 1 0 0 ind/ml,其中有 5d超过 2 0 0ind/ml,最高密度达 2 50 ind/ml;在罗非鱼的培养缸中 ,在整个实验过程中 ,种群密度超过 1 0 0 ind/ml以上的时间有 6d(第5～ 1 0天 ) ;单纯利用藻类培养轮虫时 ,种群密度较低 ,且维

The rhythm of fountains: The length and time scales of rise height fluctuations at low and high Froude numbers

The magnitude and frequency of vertical fluctuations of the top of an axisymmetric miscible Boussinesq fountain forms the focus of this work. We present measurements of these quantities for saline-aqueous fountains in uniform quiescent surroundings. Our results span source Froude numbers 0.3 ≤ Fr 0 ≤ 40 and, thereby, encompass very weak, weak, intermediate and forced classes of fountain. We identify distinct scalings, based on known quantities at the fountain source, for the frequency of fountain height fluctuations which collapse our data within bands of Fr0. Notably, our scalings reveal that the (dimensionless) frequency takes a constant value within each band. These results highlight characteristic time scales for the fluctuations which we decompose into a single, physically apparent, length scale and velocity scale within each band. Moreover, within one particular band, spanning source Froude numbers towards the lower end of the full range considered, we identify unexpectedly long-period fluctuations indicating a near balance of inertia and (opposing) buoyancy at the source. Our analysis identifies four distinct classes of fluctuation behaviour (four bands of Fr 0) and this classification matches well with existing classifications of fountains based on rise heights. As such, we show that an analysis of the behaviour of the fountain top alone, rather than the entire fountain, provides an alternative approach to classifying fountains. The similarity of classifications based on the two different methods confirms that the boundaries between classes mark tangible changes in the physics of fountains. For high Fr0 we show that the dominant fluctuations occur at the scale of the largest eddies which can be contained within the fountain near its top. Extending this, we develop a Strouhal number, Strtop, based on experimental measures of the fountain top, defined such that Strtop = 1 would suggest the dominant fluctuations are caused by a continual cycle of eddies forming and collapsing at this largest physical scale. For high- Fr 0 fountains we find Strtop ≈ 0. 9. © 2013 Cambridge University Press.

A discretized proportional base driver for Silicon Carbide Bipolar Junction Transistors

Silicon Carbide Bipolar Junction Transistors require a continuous base current in the on-state. This base current is usually made constant and is corresponding to the maximum collector current and maximum junction temperature that is foreseen in a certain application. In this paper, a discretized proportional base driver is proposed which will reduce, for the right application, the steady-state power consumption of the base driver. The operation of the proposed base driver has been verified experimentally, driving a 1200V/40A SiC BJT in a DC-DC boost converter. In order to determine the potential reduction of the power consumption of the base driver, a case with a dc-dc converter in an ideal electric vehicle driving the new European drive cycle has been investigated. It is found that the steady-state power consumption of the base driver can be reduced by approximately 63 %. The total reduction of the driver consumption is 2816 J during the drive cycle, which is slightly more than the total on-state losses for the SiC BJTs used in the converter. © 2013 IEEE.

Room temperature 1.25 mu m emission from high indium content InxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum wells grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Long-wavelength high indium content InxGa1-xAs/GaAs single/multi quantum wells (QWs) structures have been successfully grown by molecular beam epitaxy. It is evidenced by X-ray measurements that the critical thickness of the well width of InxGa1-xAs/GaAs QWs with an indium content x of 47.5% can be raised up to 7nm without strain relation. 1.25μ m photoluminescence (PL) emission is obtained from the QWs with narrower full-width at half maximum (FWHM) less than 30meV. Our results are important basements which are useful for further fabricating GaAs-based long-wavelength devices. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

An Embedded Ultra Low Power Nonvolatile Memory in a Standard CMOS Logic Process

This paper proposes an embedded ultra low power nonvolatile memory in a standard CMOS logic process. The memory adopts a bit cell based on the differential floating gate PMOS structure and a novel operating scheme. It can greatly improve the endurance and retention characteristic and make the area/bit smaller. A new high efficiency all-PMOS charge pump is designed to reduce the power consumption and to increase the power efficiency. It eliminates the body effect and can generate higher output voltage than conventional structures for a same stage number. A 32-bit prototype chip is fabricated in a 0.18 mu m 1P4M standard CMOS logic process and the core area is 0.06 mm(2). The measured results indicate that the typical write/erase time is 10ms. With a 700 kHz clock frequency, power consumption of the whole memory is 2.3 mu A for program and 1.2 mu A for read at a 1.6V power supply.

静态实时中间件的优先级映射问题

使用截止期单调(DM)调度算法和分布式优先级冲顶资源访问控制协议(DPCP)的实时CORBA系统中,当节点的本地优先级个数不足时,必须将多个全局优先级映射成一个本地优先级.这需要:①判定映射后任务可调度性的充分必要条件;②减少时间复杂度的映射算法.为此,推导出判定条件,确定了DGPM映射算法.该算法在保证系统可调度的前提下分配任务,或者证明映射后系统不可调度.证明了DGPM算法能调度其他直序列优先级映射算法可调度的任务和GCS集合.判定条件和算法在实际项目中得到了应用.