Benthic foraminiferal number of specimens in Cretaceous samples of various DSDP and ODP Sites (Table 2)

Benthic foraminifera from 24 DSDP/ODP sites were investigated to assess their global horizontal and vertical distribution in the deep-sea environment at the end of the Cretaceous period. The samples analyzed are from the late Maastrichtian and within the planktic foraminiferal Abathomphus mayaroensis Zone from a wide range of oceans and paleolatitudes, including the low-latitude Sites 10 and 384 (Atlantic Ocean), 47, 171, 305, and 465 (Pacific Ocean), the mid-latitude Sites 20, 111, 356, 363, 516, 525, 527, 548, and 605 (Atlantic Ocean), 216, 217, and 758 (Indian Ocean), and the high-latitude Sites 208 (Pacific Ocean), 689,698,700,738 and 750 (Southern Ocean). Correspondence analysis, based on the 75 most common taxa, shows a clear biogeographic trend along the first correspondence axis by arranging the sites in paleolatitudinal order. The assemblages from the Tethyan Realm (i.e., low latitudes) are marked by abundant heavily calcified buliminids (such as Bulimina incisa, B. trinitatensis, B. velascoensis, and Reussella szajnochae) and Aragonia spp., whereas high-latitude faunas are characterized by abundant Alabamina creta, Gyroidinoides quadratus, and Pullenia coryelli. The results indicate that the faunas at low and high latitudes, respectively, were influenced by quite different environmental conditions. This is based on the much higher abundance of infaunal morphotypes at low and mid latitudes compared to high latitudes, suggesting that the biogeographic trend found in the data set coincides with the trophic regime at the various sites. The results also provide support for the hypothesis that postulates two simultaneous sources and mechanisms for deep-water formation during the Late Cretaceous, including warm, saline deep water produced by evaporation at low (equatorial) latitudes in contrast to the formation of cold deep waters at high (southern) latitudes.

Latitudinal variation in the planktic foraminifer Contusotruncana contusa in the terminal Cretaceous ocean

The morphological variability (coiling properties, size and shape) of the planktic foraminifer Contusortuncana contusa (Cushman) in the terminal Cretaceous ocean was examined at eight deep-sea sites and two continental sections from low (16°) to middle (42°) paleolatitudes in both hemispheres. The material used in this study includes samples from the South Atlantic (DSDP Sites 356, 527 and 525A), North Atlantic (Sites 384 and 548A), Indian and Pacific Oceans (DSDP Site 465A and ODP Sites 761C and 762C) and Tethyan Ocean (outcrop sections from El-Kef and Caravaca). On average 45 specimens from two samples per location were analysed, from an interval corresponding approximately to the last 60 kyr of the Cretaceous. No differences in coiling direction (dextral proportions were > 90% in all samples), percentage of kummerform specimens (usually > 50%) and number of chambers in the last whorl (4-5) were observed between the sites. Both test size (expressed as spiral outline area and test volume) and total number of chambers increase significantly towards lower latitudes. Similarly, test conicity, examined by shape coordinate and eigenshape methods, and angularity of the spiral outline show a rather continuous, slight increase towards lower latitudes. Kummerform specimens of C. contusa were slightly larger and more conical than normalforms and possessed substantially more chambers (both totally and in the last whorl). A principal components analysis of the sample means of five variables describing size and shape clearly distinguished high-latitude sites (525A, 527, 548A, 761C and 762C) from low-latitude sites (384, 465A, Caravaca and El-Kef). Specimens from Site 356 are transitional with respect to those two groups. The results indicate: (1) considerable morphological variation in C. contusa during the terminal Cretaceous comparable to that known in many Recent planktic foraminiferal species and (2) a geographical distribution of this variation corresponding to previously suggested biogeographic schemes based on quantitative analysis of planktic foraminiferal assemblages. Despite the differences in sample means, the overall morphology of C. contusa overlaps among the sites studied, supporting the classification of all C. contusa morphotypes as a single species. Similarly, no discrete morphologic groups could be distinguished within any of the samples.

Geochemistry at DSDP Leg 62 Holes

A total of 191 samples was collected for inorganic geochemical analyses from DSDP Holes 463, 464, 465, 465A, and 466. These samples were collected with two main goals. First, at least one sample was collected from each core, whenever possible, to document the general geochemical variability within lithologic units. Unfortunately, several lithologic units were inadequately sampled because of poor recovery, mostly due to the presence of chert. The least-sampled units are Units III in Hole 464 and Units IB and II in Hole 466. The second goal was to look for geochemical differences between contrasting lithologies within main lithologic units, particularly between cyclic interbeds of red and green limestone in Lithologic Unit II, Hole 463, and between olive, laminated limestone and gray, massive limestone in Lithologic Unit II, Hole 465A.

The molecular structure of matioliite – NaMgAl5(PO4)4(OH)6·2(H2O) : a pegmatite mineral from Minas Gerais, Brazil

Detailed spectroscopic and chemical investigation of matioliite, including infrared and Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis has been carried out on homogeneous samples from the Gentil pegmatite, Mendes Pimentel, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The chemical composition is (wt.%): FeO 2.20, CaO 0.05, Na2O 1.28, MnO 0.06, Al2O3 39.82, P2O5 42.7, MgO 4.68, F 0.02 and H2O 9.19; total 100.00. The mineral crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system, C2/c space group, with a = 25.075(1) Å, b = 5.0470(3) Å, c = 13.4370(7) Å, β = 110.97(3)°, V = 1587.9(4) Å3, Z = 4. Raman spectroscopy coupled with infrared spectroscopy supports the concept of phosphate, hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate units in the structure of matioliite. Infrared and Raman bands attributed to water and hydroxyl stretching modes are identified. Vibrational spectroscopy adds useful information to the molecular structure of matioliite.

Assessment of the molecular structure of natrodufrénite – NaFe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6•2(H2O), a secondary pegmatite phosphate mineral from Minas Gerais, Brazil

The mineral natrodufrénite a secondary pegmatite phosphate mineral from Minas Gerais, Brazil, has been studied by a combination of scanning electron microscopy and vibrational spectroscopic techniques. Electron probe analysis shows the formula of the studied mineral as (Na0.88Ca0.12)∑1.00(Mn0.11Mg0.08Ca0.04Zr0.01Cu0.01)∑0.97(Al0.02)∑4.91(PO4)3.96(OH6.15F0.07)6.22⋅2.05(H2O). Raman spectroscopy identifies an intense peak at 1003 cm−1 assigned to the ν1 symmetric stretching mode. Raman bands are observed at 1059 and 1118 cm−1 and are attributed to the ν3 antisymmetric stretching vibrations. A comparison is made with the spectral data of other hydrate hydroxy phosphate minerals including cyrilovite and wardite. Raman bands at 560, 582, 619 and 668 cm−1 are assigned to the ν4 bending modes and Raman bands at 425, 444, 477 and 507 cm−1 are due to the ν2 bending modes. Raman bands in the 2600–3800 cm−1 spectral range are attributed to water and OH stretching vibrations. Vibrational spectroscopy enables aspects of the molecular structure of natrodufrénite to be assessed.

Geologic map of the Valley Mountain 15’ quadrangle, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ–1767, scale 1:62,500

The Valley Mountain 15’ quadrangle straddles the Pinto Mountain Fault, which bounds the eastern Transverse Ranges in the south against the Mojave Desert province in the north. The Pinto Mountains, part of the eastern Transverse Ranges in the south part of the quadrangle expose a series of Paleoproterozoic gneisses and granite and the Proterozoic quartzite of Pinto Mountain. Early Triassic quartz monzonite intruded the gneisses and was ductiley deformed prior to voluminous Jurassic intrusion of diorite, granodiorite, quartz monzonite, and granite plutons. The Jurassic rocks include part of the Bullion Mountains Intrusive Suite, which crops out prominently at Valley Mountain and in the Bullion Mountains, as well as in the Pinto Mountains. Jurassic plutons in the southwest part of the quadrangle are deeply denuded from midcrustal emplacement levels in contrast to supracrustal Jurassic limestone and volcanic rocks exposed in the northeast. Dikes inferred to be part of the Jurassic Independence Dike Swarm intrude the Jurassic plutons and Proterozoic rocks. Late Cretaceous intrusion of the Cadiz Valley Batholith in the northeast caused contact metamorphism of adjacent Jurassic plutonic rocks...

Proekt ambulatorii na 62 poselke Dzhi︠u︡rchinskogo agrouchastka obsluzhivaeshchego Agrodzhoĭntom

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of a Ferromagnetically Coupled Angular Trinuclear Copper(11) Complex [Cu3(02CMe)4(bpy)s(HzO)](PF)62

The synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, and magnetic properties of an angular trinuclear copper(II) complex [Cu3(O2CMC)4(bpy)3(H2O)](PF6)2 (1), obtained from a reaction of Cu2(O2CMe)4(H2O)2 With 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and NH4PF6 in ethanol, are reported. Complex 1 crystallizes in triclinic space group P1BAR with a = 11.529(1) angstrom, b = 12.121(2) angstrom, c = 17.153(2) angstrom, alpha = 82.01(1)-degrees, beta = 79.42(1)-degrees, gamma = 89.62(1)-degrees, and Z = 2. A total of 6928 data with I > 2.5sigma(I) were refined to R = 0.0441 and R(w) = 0.0557. The structure consists of a trinuclear core bridged by four acetate ligands showing different bonding modes. The coordination geometry at each copper is distorted square-pyramidal with a CuN2O2...O chromophore. The Cu...Cu distances are 3.198(1) angstrom, 4.568(1) angstrom, and 6.277(1) angstrom. There are two monoatomic acetate bridges showing Cu-O-Cu angles of 93.1(1) and 97.5(1)-degrees. Magnetic studies in the temperature range 39-297 K show the presence of a strong ferromagnetically coupled dicopper(II) unit (2J = +158 cm-1) and an essentially isolated copper(II) center (2J' = -0.4 cm-1) in 1. The EPR spectra display an axial spectrum giving g(parallel-to) = 2.28 (A(parallel-to) = 160 X 10(-4) cm-1) and g(perpendicular-to) = 2.06 (A(perpendicular-to) = 12 X 10(-4) cm-1) for the normal copper and two intense isotropic signals with g values 2.70 and 1.74 for the strongly coupled copper pair. The structural features of 1 compare well with the first generation models for ascorbate oxidase.

Formation of amorphous xenon nanoclusters and microstructure evolution in pulsed laser deposited Ti(62.5)Si(37.5) thin films during Xe ion irradiation

As deposited amorphous and crystallized thin films of Ti 37.5% Si alloy deposited by pulsed laser ablation technique were irradiated with 100 keV Xe(+) ion beam to an ion fluence of about 10(16) ions-cm(-2). Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the implanted Xe formed amorphous nanosized clusters in both cases. The Xe ion-irradiation favors nucleation of a fcc-Ti(Si) phase in amorphous films. However, in crystalline films, irradiation leads to dissolution of the Ti(5)Si(3) intermetallic phase. In both cases, Xe irradiation leads to the evolution of similar microstructures. Our results point to the pivotal role of nucleation in the evolution of the microstructure under the condition of ion implantation.

Prudentia Iuris, 2007, n° 62-63 (número completo)

Editorial -- Las Segundas Jornadas sobre Ley Natural llevadas a cabo en la Facultad de Derecho de la Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina -- Presentación y estudio preliminar / Gabriel Limodio -- Habermas / Eduardo Martín Quesada -- Iusnaturalismo vs. iuspositivismo (un alegato iusnaturalista) / Rodolfo L. Vigo -- Derecho Natural y Ciencia Jurídica / Carlos I. Massini Correas -- Ley natural y pluralismo cultural / Félix Adolfo Lamas -- La laicidad del derecho y la Encíclica “Deus caritas est” / Carlos Raúl Sanz -- Universalismo de derechos y asimilacionismo / Juan Cianciardo -- Ley natural y multiculturalismo: verdad y diálogo / Daniel Alejandro Herrera -- La falacia del Particularismo: sobre las condiciones de posibilidad de una Ética Global / Raúl Madrid Ramírez -- Homenaje a la Dra. María Josefa Méndez Costa. Encuentro Interuniversitario de Derecho de Familia. “Familia y Matrimonio hoy” -- Matrimonio y familia / Gabriel Limodio -- Palabras de la homenajeada / María Josefa Méndez Costa -- El concepto jurídico de familia. Matrimonio y familia / Catalina Elsa Arias de Ronchietto -- El principio jurídico de matrimonialidad y las políticas públicas. La familia: cordón umbilical de la humanidad / Catalina Elsa Arias de Ronchietto -- El concepto de familia, su juricidad y la querida profesora María Josefa Méndez Costa. Insinuaciones jurídicas de una tarde inolvidable / Úrsula Basset -- El consentimiento matrimonial sobre la necesidad de que sea prestado por un hombre y una mujer / Eduardo Sambrizzi -- Familia, matrimonio y la legislación sobre educación / Jorge Nicolás Lafferriere -- I Congreso de evangelización de la cultura -- Católicos y vida pública en América Latina / Guzmán M. Carriquiry Lecour -- Nota bibliográfica

Efecto de seis tratamientos bajo riego localizado en la producción de chilote en el cultivo del maíz (Zea mays L.), variedad NB-S, a una densidad de 62 500 ptas ha-û

El presente trabajo de investigación se establec ió en la sede central de la Universidad Nacional Agraria (UNA), ubicada en el municipio de Managua kilómetro 12 ½ carretera panamericana no rte del departamento de Managua. El objetivo del experimento fue estudiar el efecto de seis tratamientos nitrogenados y con sistema de riego lo calizado que abasteció de 3.6 litros de agua por metro lineal por día en la producción de chilote en el cultivo de maíz (Zea Mays L.), variedad NB - S con, una densidad de 125,000 ptas/ha. El ensayo se estableció en un diseño experimental de bloques comple to s al azar (BCA), unifactorial , con seis tratamientos (A= 50 kg/ha de N; aplicado el 100 % a los 21 ddg ; B= 50 kg/ha de N aplicado el 50% de la dosis a los 21ddg y 50% de la dosis a los 42 ddg; C= 50 kg/ha de N; aplicado aplicado el 100 % a los 42 ddg; D=1 00 kg/ha de N; aplicado el 100 % a los 21 ddg; E= 100 kg/ha de N; aplicado el 50% de la dosis a los 21 ddg y 50% de la dosis a los 42 ddg; F= 100 kg/ha de N; aplicado el 100 % a los 42 ddg. ) y cuatro repeticiones , para evaluar el efecto de los mismos s obre el crecimiento del maíz y rendimiento del chilote. Las variables evaluadas durante el desarrollo de la planta fueron: Altura de la planta (cm), diámetro del tallo (cm), numero de hojas por planta; las variables de rendimiento evaluadas durante la cose cha fueron las siguientes: Altura de primera y segunda inserción del chilote (cm), peso del chilote con bráctea y sin bráctea (cm), diámetro del chilote con bráctea y sin bráctea (mm) y rendim iento del chilote con bráctea (k g/ha - 1 ). Cada una de las variabl es fueron sometidas a una evaluación estadística por medio del análisis de varianza y separación de medias por Duncan al 5% de confiabilidad. De los seis tratamientos evaluados , el tratamiento E indujo el mayor rendimiento del chilote con una producción de 3 , 819.37 Kg/ha con un beneficio neto de C$ 21,173.69 y una tasa de retorno marginal del 512.5%