基于介电泳的微粒操纵方法研究

一些微纳米尺度的物质，如细胞、DNA、碳纳米管、纳米颗粒等具有很多独特的电磁学、力学、热学以及物理、化学性能，因此在纳米电子学、微纳米机械系统、生物医学、生命科学等领域具有广泛的科学研究价值和应用前景，而目前像原子力显微镜和光镊等微纳操作手段由于价格昂贵、设备体积较大、操作单一化，还无法满足微尺度下的大规模并行化组装的需要。介电泳技术作为一种有效的微纳操纵和装配手段，不需要大型设备、操作简单、能进行批量组装，并且能够与芯片实验室的其它功能模块相结合，已经成为微纳米对象操作中的一项重要技术。介电泳技术利用微电极阵列产生空间电场，使被操纵的微粒发生极化，然后利用两者相互作用而产生的介电泳力，驱动极化的微粒在液体媒质中定向运动，配合流体动力以及势阱技术等，可以实现如细胞分离、DNA展开、细胞阵列排布、CNT批量组装等功能。本文作者以液体环境下的微米尺度的微粒传输和装配为应用背景，在详细分析介电泳技术的形成机制和微粒的各种受力的基础上，建立了以微电极阵列、微流体通道、三维微动平台和显微镜为主的介电泳实验系统，进行了各种介电泳实验，完成了相关微电极阵列的电场解析和数值求解，并对基于介电泳的三维势阱技术进行了研究，介绍了几种三维势阱的加工工艺，对十字交叉势阱电极的电场强度分布进行了仿真和分析，并结合移动波式电泳和势阱电泳的优点，设计了一种能够对微粒进行驱动和捕获的微电极阵列，通过改变施加在电极上的电压相位和大小，可以进行如传输、分层悬浮、微粒捕捉以及微粒释放等功能。本文对利用介电泳技术进行微粒操纵进行了详细的分析，实现了利用介电泳芯片进行聚苯乙烯小球的水平传输，设计了对未知微粒的介电常数特性进行测量的实验，利用傅立叶变换和格林公式对水平交叉电极阵列的电场分布进行了解析求解，完成了三维势阱阵列的仿真和设计。

Capillary electrophoresis study of human serum albumin binding to basic drugs

The applicability of capillary electrophoresis/frontal analysis (CE/FA) for determining the binding constants of the drugs propranolol (PRO) and verapamil (VER) to human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated. After direct hydrodynamic injection of a drug-HAS mixture solution into a coated capillary (32 cm x 50 mu m i.d.), the basic drug was eluted as a zonal peak with a plateau region under condition of phosphate buffer (pH 7.4; ionic strength 0.17) at 12 kV positive running voltage. The unbound drug concentrations measured from the plateau peak heights had good correlation coefficients, r > 0.999. Employing the Scatchard plot, the Klotz plot and nonlinear regression, the drug protein binding parameters, the binding constant and the number of binding sites on one protein molecule, were obtained. The binding constant obtained was compared to a reported equilibrium dialysis result and they are basically in good agreement.

Solos das "Glebas 01, 02, 03 e 06" do Município de Machadinho D´Oeste-RO.

O Município de Machadinho d´Oeste, em Rondônia foi escolhido para um estudo de longo prazo. Já são 10 anos de acompanhamento de mais de 450 pequenas propriedades rurais e cerca de 250 variáveis biofísicas, sócio-econômicas e ambientais. A duração deste projeto é de 100 anos. Os estudos pedológicos da área do "Projeto de Assentamento Machadinho" teve como objetivos identificar os solos das Glebas e implementar uma base de dados do meio físico em escala municipal, através do uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento (SIG´s); bem com o caracterizar e avaliar química, física e morfologicamente os perfis de solos representativos das principais unidades identificadas, a fim de promover o desenvolvimento agrícola da região e fornecer subsídios para estudos em áreas semelhantes na Amazônia.

Caracterização dos problemas de fitoxicidade de plântulas de soja devido ao tratamento de sementes com fungicida rhodiauram 500 SC, na safra 2000/01.

Identificacao dos sintomas de fitotoxicidade; Decisao quanto a semeadura; Importancia da manutencao da tecnologia do tratamentodesementes de soja com fungicidas; Outros problemas que tem ocorrido simultaneamente nas lavouras.

Recomendações técnicas para a cultura da soja na Região Central do Brasil 2000/01.

Agronegócio da soja no Brasil; Exigências climáticas; Rotação de culturas; Manejo do solo; Correção e manutenção da fertilidade do solo; Cultivares; Cuidados na aquisição e na utilização de semente; Tratamento com fungicidas, aplicação de micronutrientes e inoculação de sementes de soja; Instalação da lavoura; Controle de plantas daninhas; Manejo de pragas; Doenças e medidas de controle; Retenção foliar (Haste verde); Colheita; Tecnologia de sementes.

Recomendações técnicas para a cultura da soja no Paraná 2000/01.

Agronegócio da soja no Brasil; Exigências climáticas; Rotação de culturas; Manejo do solo; Correção e manutenção da fertilidade do solo; Cultivares; Cuidados na aquisição e na utilização de sementes; Tratamento com fungicidas, aplicação de micronutrientes e inoculação de sementes de soja; Instalação da lavoura; Controle de plantas daninhas; Manejo de pragas; Doenças e medidas de controle; Retençao foliar (Haste verde); Colheita; Tecnologia de sementes.

High-throughput screening of HZSM-5 supported metal-oxides catalysts for the coupling of methane with CO to benzene and naphthalene

High-throughput screening of HZSM-5 supported metal-oxides catalysts were carried out for the coupling reaction of methane with CO to aromatics in a multi-stream reactor system. Zn/HZSM-5 and Mo/HZSM-5 were observed to be rather effective for the catalytic formation of aromatics from the coupling reaction of methane with CO. Temperature-programmed reaction has further proven the efficiency of the coupling of methane and CO over Zn/HZSM-5 catalyst. The results were also validated in a conventional fixed-bed reactor coupled with GC. The results propose that the coupling methane with CO toward benzene and naphthalene can be catalyzed by Zn/HZSM-5 at 500 ° C. Both methane and CO are needed for the formation of reactive coke on the catalyst, and the reactive coke may be the initial product in the producing of hydrocarbons. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Complete hydrodechlorination of chlorobenzene and its derivatives over supported nickel catalysts under liquid phase conditions

Liquid phase hydrodechlorination of chlorobenzene was studied over Ni/active carbon (Ni/AC), Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/SiO2 and Raney Ni. The complete hydrodechlorination of chlorobenzene was realized at 333-343 K on Ni/AC under hydrogen atmosphere of 1.0 MPa in the presence of alkaline hydroxide. Aryl halides, three chlorotoluenes (o-, m- and p-), three chloroanilines, three chlorobenzotrifluorides, three dichlorobenzenes and two trichlorobenzenes (1,2,3- and 1,2,4-) were also completely hydrodechlorinated under the similar conditions. Chlorobenzene derivatives having either an electron-donating group or an electron-withdrawing group decreased their reactivities with respect to the unsubstituted chlorobenzene.

Sistema de monitoramento de pragas de frutas: projeto CNPq 48.0075/01-8.

Problema do monitoramento. Sistema em funcionamento. Proposta de extensão para o PIF. Considerações finais e recomendações.

Letter to Rev. Epaphras Kibby. 01/11/1801

Handwritten letter from Timothy Merritt to Rev. Epaphras Kibby regarding lodging and preaching schedule. Sent in care of Mr. Lambert. Dated Jan. 11, 1801, Bath, ME.

Letter to nephew, 01/13/1868

January 13 1868 letter from Daniel A. Whedon to nephew.

The cytolytic molecules Fas ligand and TRAIL are required for murine thymic graft-versus-host disease.

Thymic graft-versus-host disease (tGVHD) can contribute to profound T cell deficiency and repertoire restriction after allogeneic BM transplantation (allo-BMT). However, the cellular mechanisms of tGVHD and interactions between donor alloreactive T cells and thymic tissues remain poorly defined. Using clinically relevant murine allo-BMT models, we show here that even minimal numbers of donor alloreactive T cells, which caused mild nonlethal systemic graft-versus-host disease, were sufficient to damage the thymus, delay T lineage reconstitution, and compromise donor peripheral T cell function. Furthermore, to mediate tGVHD, donor alloreactive T cells required trafficking molecules, including CCR9, L selectin, P selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, the integrin subunits alphaE and beta7, CCR2, and CXCR3, and costimulatory/inhibitory molecules, including Ox40 and carcinoembryonic antigen-associated cell adhesion molecule 1. We found that radiation in BMT conditioning regimens upregulated expression of the death receptors Fas and death receptor 5 (DR5) on thymic stromal cells (especially epithelium), while decreasing expression of the antiapoptotic regulator cellular caspase-8-like inhibitory protein. Donor alloreactive T cells used the cognate proteins FasL and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) (but not TNF or perforin) to mediate tGVHD, thereby damaging thymic stromal cells, cytoarchitecture, and function. Strategies that interfere with Fas/FasL and TRAIL/DR5 interactions may therefore represent a means to attenuate tGVHD and improve T cell reconstitution in allo-BMT recipients.

Crafting analytical tools to study institutional change

Most powerful analytical tools used in the social sciences are well suited for studying static situations. Static and mechanistic analysis, however, is not adequate to understand the changing world in which we live. In order to adequately address the most pressing social and environmental challenges looming ahead, we need to develop analytical tools for analyzing dynamic situations -particularly institutional change. In this paper, we develop an analytical tool to study institutional change, more specifically, the evolution of rules and norms. We believe that in order for such an analytical tool to be useful to develop a general theory of institutional change, it needs to enable the analyst to concisely record the processes of change in multiple specific settings so that lessons from such settings can eventually be integrated into a more general predictive theory of change. Copyright © The JOIE Foundation 2010.