Sideband characterization and atmospheric observations with various 340 GHz heterodyne receivers

This paper describes sideband response measurements and atmospheric observations with a double sideband and two Single Sideband (SSB) receiver prototypes developed for the multi-beam limb sounder instrument stratosphere-troposphere exchange and climate monitor radiometer. We first show an advanced Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy (FTS) method for sideband response and spurious signal characterization. We then present sideband response measurements of the different prototype receivers and we compare the results of the SSB receivers with sideband measurements by injecting a continuous wave signal into the upper and lower sidebands. The receivers were integrated into a total-power radiometer and atmospheric observations were carried out. The observed spectra were compared to forward model spectra to conclude on the sideband characteristics of the different receivers. The two sideband characterization methods show a high degree of agreement for both SSB receivers with various local oscillator settings. The measured sideband response was used to correct the forward model simulations. This improves the agreement with the atmospheric observations and explains spectral features caused by an unbalanced sideband response. The FTS method also allows to quantify the influence of spurious harmonic responses of the receiver.

Betriebsanleitung zum Schweizerischen Strafgesetzbuch. Allgemeiner Teil. 1. Auflage

Die Betriebsanleitung zum Allgemeinen Teil I des Strafgesetzbuches versteht sich als neue Form von Lehrmittel. Sie will Studierende zur Arbeit mit dem Gesetzestext anleiten, den sie ob all der Grundlagenprobleme gerade zu Beginn ihres Studiums im Strafrecht vielfach vernachlässigen. Das StGB ist jedoch Grundlage und Ausgangspunkt jeden Nachdenkens über das geltende Recht. Seine Vorschriften enthalten, so knapp sie mitunter auch sein mögen, wichtige Informationen, mit deren Aneignung sich der ebenso abstrakte wie differenzierte Stoff der Straftatkonzeption besser meistern lässt. Das Kurzlehrbuch behandelt die wichtigsten theoretischen Lehren des Aufbaus der allgemeinen Verbrechenslehre, veranschaulicht sie mit Gesetzesauszügen und demonstriert die Gesetzesanwendung anhand zahlreicher Praxisbeispiele. Ein Glossar am Ende rundet das Lehrmittel ab.

Ms.Ff.F.Stoltze 3. 340 - Brief von Friedrich Stoltze an Allgemeines Deutsches Turnfest <5, 1880, Frankfurt, Main>

Friedrich Ludwig Jahn: Manuskript "Runenblätter"

(Table 1) Normalized difference vegetation index in control and warming plots, Abisco Research Station

Extreme winter warming events in the sub-Arctic have caused considerable vegetation damage due to rapid changes in temperature and loss of snow cover. The frequency of extreme weather is expected to increase due to climate change thereby increasing the potential for recurring vegetation damage in Arctic regions. Here we present data on vegetation recovery from one such natural event and multiple experimental simulations in the sub-Arctic using remote sensing, handheld passive proximal sensors and ground surveys. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) recovered fast (2 years), from the 26% decline following one natural extreme winter warming event. Recovery was associated with declines in dead Empetrum nigrum (dominant dwarf shrub) from ground surveys. However, E. nigrum healthy leaf NDVI was also reduced (16%) following this winter warming event in experimental plots (both control and treatments), suggesting that non-obvious plant damage (i.e., physiological stress) had occurred in addition to the dead E. nigrum shoots that was considered responsible for the regional 26% NDVI decline. Plot and leaf level NDVI provided useful additional information that could not be obtained from vegetation surveys and regional remote sensing (MODIS) alone. The major damage of an extreme winter warming event appears to be relatively transitory. However, potential knock-on effects on higher trophic levels (e.g., rodents, reindeer, and bear) could be unpredictable and large. Repeated warming events year after year, which can be expected under winter climate warming, could result in damage that may take much longer to recover.

Curie temperatures and cell edges of ODP Leg 120 samples (Table 1)

Basalt samples recovered on Ocean Drilling Program Leg 120 from the Kerguelen Plateau were investigated by thermomagnetic analysis, X-ray diffraction, and ore microscopy. The basement samples could be divided into two groups based on Curie temperatures, cell-edge parameters, and optical magnetic mineralogy. Samples from Sites 748 and 750 underwent only low-temperature oxidation and displayed Curie temperatures for the titanomaghemites that ranged from 340° to 395°C. The basalts from Sites 747 and 749 mainly experienced high-temperature oxidation. High-temperature oxidation produced titanium-poor titanomagnetites with ilmenite-exsolution lamellae. Curie temperatures of the deuterically oxidized titanomaghemites varied from 490° to 620°C.