Implementing the self-management threshold learning outcome in Australian legal curricula : insights from self-determination theory

In 2010, six Threshold Learning Outcomes (TLOs) for law were developed by the Australian Learning and Teaching Council's Discipline Scholars: Law. The final of these outcomes, TLO 6, concerns self-management. This thesis examines strategies for implementing self-management in Australian legal education by first contextualising the development of TLO 6 in light of other relevant national and international developments in higher education, and secondly, analysing this learning outcome through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT), an influential branch of educational psychology. It is argued that the central concept of autonomous self-regulation in SDT provides insights into factors that are relevant to law students’ capacities for long-term self-management, which is reinforced by analysis of the literature on law students’ distress. Accordingly, curriculum design that supports students’ autonomy may simultaneously promote students’ self-management capacities. The discussion of theoretical and practical perspectives on autonomy supportive curriculum design in this thesis thus illuminates potential pedagogical approaches for the implementation of TLO 6 in Australian legal curricula.

Towards fairer assessment

Drawing on the largest Australian collection and analysis of empirical data on multiple facets of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander education in state schools to date, this article critically analyses the systemic push for standardized testing and improved scores, and argues for a greater balance of assessment types by providing alternative, inclusive, participatory approaches to student assessment. The evidence for this article derives from a major evaluation of the Stronger Smarter Learning Communities. The first large-scale picture of what is occurring in classroom assessment and pedagogy for Indigenous students is reported in this evaluation yet the focus in this article remains on the issue of fairness in student assessment. The argument presented calls for “a good balance between formative and summative assessment” (OECD, Synergies for Better Learning An International Perspective on Evaluation and Assessment, Pointers for Policy Development, 2013) at a time of unrelenting high-stakes, standardized testing in Australia with a dominance of secondary as opposed to primary uses of NAPLAN data by systems, schools and principals. A case for more “intelligent accountability in education” (O’Neill, Oxford Review of Education 39(1):4–16, 2013) together with a framework for analyzing efforts toward social justice in education (Cazden, International Journal of Educational Psychology 1(3):178–198, 2012) and fairer assessment make the case for more alternative assessment practices in recognition of the need for teachers’ pedagogic practice to cater for increased diversity.

The construction of parents as learners about pre-school children’s development

The concept of the lifelong learner—the idea that people should be active learners throughout the lifespan—has since the 1990s gained importance in public policy. Governments in relatively wealthy countries have made the argument that the economic future of nations is tied to the ongoing participation of citizens in learning opportunities that will assist them to participate fully in society and increase their chances of employment in changing workforce conditions. More recently, policy attention has focused on the other end of the lifespan, the first years of life. With the early years now recognised as crucial for later educational success, policy attention has also focused on the importance of parenting in the early years. In the UK and Australia, for example, the effects of state interventions to facilitate ‘good parenting’ and pre-school children’s ‘readiness’ for formal schooling have been felt in a range of settings including community health services, the home and the pre-school (Gillies, 2005; Nichols & Jurvansuu, 2008; Millei & Lee, 2007; Vincent, Ball & Braun, 2010). In Australia, government policy has explicitly proposed a model of parenting as a learning process, and has urged people to cultivate their identities as learners in order to carry out their responsibilities as parents. In part the policy objectives have been to support parents to ensure that all children get a healthy and successful start to life...

Optimism : what it is and its relevance in the school context

"For myself, I am an optimist - it does not seem to be much use to be anything else". Winston Churchill Optimism has its modern roots in philosophy dating back to the 17th century in the writings of philosophers such as Descartes and Voltaire (Domino & Conway, 2001). Previous to these philosophical writings, the concept of optimism was revealed in the teaching of many of the great spiritual traditions such as Buddhism and Christianity (Miller, Richards, & Keller, 2001). In the 20th century, optimism became defined in juxtaposition to pessimism, sometimes conceptualized as a bipolar unidimensional construct and by others as two related but separate constructs (Garber, 2000). Contemporary models (Scheier & Carver, 1985; Seligman, 1991) have increasingly focused on distinguishing optimism-pessimism as a general dispositional orientation, as described by expectancy theory, and as an explanatory process, described by explanatory style theory.

On standby? A comparison of online and offline witnesses to bullying and their bystander behaviour

Given their ubiquitous presence as witnesses to school-yard bullying, the role of the ‘bystander’ has been studied extensively. The prevalence and behaviour of bystanders to cyberbullying, however, is less understood. In an anonymous, school-based questionnaire, 716 secondary school students from South-East Queensland reported whether they had witnessed traditional and/or cyberbullying, and how they responded to each type. Overlap in bystander roles between online and offline environments was examined, as was their relationship to age and gender. Students who witnessed traditional bullying were more likely to have witnessed cyberbullying. Bystanders’ behaviour was sometimes similar in both contexts of traditional and cyberbullying, mainly if they were outsiders but half of the 256 students who reported witnessing both traditional and cyberbullying, acted in different roles across the two environments. The implications of the findings are discussed in the context of previous research on cyberbullying and traditional-bystanders. Future research should further explore the role of bystanders online, including examining whether known predictors of traditional-bystander behaviour similarly predict cyber-bystander behaviour.

Affordances of ICTs: an environmental study of a French language unit offered at university level

This project investigates the integration of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) into educational settings by closely looking at the uptake of the perceived affordances offered by ICTs by students enrolled in a French language course at Queensland University of Technology. This cross-disciplinary research uses the theoretical concepts of: Ecological Psychology (Gibson, 1979; Good, 2007; Reed, 1996); Ecological Linguistics (Greeno, 1994; Leather & van Dam, 2003; van Lier 2000, 2003, 2004a, 2004b); Design (Norman, 1988, 1999); Software Design/ Human-Computer Interaction (Hartson, 2003; McGrenere & Ho, 2000); Learning Design (Conole & Dyke, 2004a, 2004b; Laurillard et al. 2000;); Education (Kirschner, 2002; Salomon, 1993; Wijekumar et al., 2006) and Educational Psychology (Greeno, 1994). In order to investigate this subject, the following research questions, rooted in the theoretical foundations of the thesis, were formulated: (1) What are the learners’ attitudes towards the ICT tools used in the project?; (2) What are the affordances offered by ICTs used in a specific French language course at university level from the perspective of the teacher and from the perspective of language learners?; (3) What affordances offered by ICT tools used by the teacher within the specific teaching and learning environment have been taken up by learners?; and (4) What factors influence the uptake by learners of the affordances created by ICT tools used by the teacher within the specific teaching and learning environment? The teaching phase of this project, conducted between 2006 and 2008, used Action Research procedures (Hopkins, 2002; McNiff & Whitehead, 2002; van Lier 1994) as a research framework. The data were collected using the following combination of qualitative and quantitative methods: (1) questionnaires administered to students (Hopkins, 2002; McNiff & Whitehead, 2002) using Likert-scale questions, open questions, yes/no questions; (2) partnership classroom observations of research participants conducted by Research Participant Advocates (Hopkins, 2002; McNiff & Whitehead, 2002); and (3) a focus group with volunteering students who participated in the unit (semi-structured interview) (Hopkins, 2002; McNiff & Whitehead, 2002). The data analysis confirms the importance of a careful examination of the teaching and learning environment and reveals differences in the ways in which the opportunities for an action offered by the ICTs were perceived by teacher and students, which impacted on the uptake of affordances. The author applied the model of affordance, as described by Good (2007), to explain these differences and to investigate their consequences. In conclusion, the teacher-researcher considers that the discrepancies in perceiving the affordances result from the disparities between the frames of reference and the functional contexts of the teacher-researcher and students. Based on the results of the data analysis, a series of recommendations is formulated supporting calls for careful analysis of frames of reference and the functional contexts of all participants in the learning and teaching process. The author also suggests a modified model of affordance, outlining the important characteristics of its constituents.

Web-based active learning and frequent feedback: Engaging first-year university students

Web-based technology is particularly well-suited to promoting active student involvement in the processes of learning. All students enrolled in a first-year educational psychology unit were required to complete ten weekly online quizzes, ten weekly student-generated questions and ten weekly student answers to those questions. Results of an online survey of participating students strongly support the viability and perceived benefits of such an instructional approach. Although students reported that the 30 assessments were useful and reasonable, the most common theme to emerge from the professional reflections of participating lecturers was that the marking of questions and answers was unmanageable.

Dimensions of University Student Learning in Medicine and Pharmacy

Study orientations in higher education consist of various dimensions, such as approaches to learning, conceptions of learning and knowledge (i.e. epistemologies), self-regulation, and motivation. They have also been measured in different ways. The main orientations typically reported are reproducing and meaning orientations. The present study explored dimensions of study orientations, focusing in particular on pharmacy and medicine. New versions of self-report instruments were developed and tested in various contexts and in two countries. Furthermore, the linkages between study orientations and students epistemological development were explored. The context of problem-based (PBL) small groups was investigated in order to better understand how collaboration contributes to the quality of learning. The participants of Study I (n=66) were pharmacy students, who were followed during a three-year professionally oriented program in terms of their study orientations and epistemologies. A reproducing orientation to studying diminished during studying, whereas only a few students maintained their original level of meaning orientation. Dualism was found to be associated with a reproducing orientation. In Study II practices associated with deep and surface approaches to learning were measured in two differing ways, in order to better distinguish between what students believed to be useful in studying, and the extent to which they applied their beliefs to practice when preparing for examinations. Differences between domains were investigated by including a sample of Finnish and Swedish medical students (n=956) and a Finnish non-medical sample of university students (n=865). Memorizing and rote learning appeared as differing components of a surface approach to learning, while understanding, relating, and critical evaluation of knowledge emerged as aspects of a deep approach to learning. A structural model confirmed these results in both student samples. Study III explored a wide variety of dimensions of learning in medical education. Swedish medical students (n=280) answered the questionnaire. The deep approach to learning was strongly related to collaboration and reflective learning, whereas the surface approach was associated with novice-like views of knowledge and the valuing of certain and directly applicable knowledge. PBL students aimed at understanding, but also valued the role of memorization. Study IV investigated 12 PBL tutorial groups of students (n=116) studying microbiology and pharmacology in a medical school. The educational application was expected to support a deep approach to learning: Group members course grades in a final examination were related to the perceived functioning of the PBL tutorial groups. Further, the quality of cases that had been used as triggers for learning, was associated with the quality of small group functioning. New dimensions of study orientations were discovered. In particular, novel, finer distinctions were found within the deep approach component. In medicine, critical evaluation of knowledge appeared to be less valued than understanding and relating. Further, collaboration appeared to be closely related to the deep approach, and it was also important in terms of successful PBL studying. The results of the studies confirmed the previously found associations between approaches to learning and study success, but showed interesting context- and subgroup-related differences in this respect. Students ideas about the nature of knowledge and their approaches to learning were shown to be closely related. The present study expanded our understanding of the dimensions of study orientations, of their development, and their contextual variability in pharmacy and medicine.

Kiinnostusta vai ahdistusta? : Opettajaksi opiskelevien akateemiset tunteet, motivaatio ja opiskelun ongelmat suhteessa hyvinvointiin ja menestykseen aktivoivalla luentokurssilla

Previous studies indicate that positive learning experiences are related to academic achievement as well as to well-being. On the other hand, emotional and motivational problems in studying may pose a risk for both academic achievement and well-being. Thus, emotions and motivation have an increasing role in explaining university students learning and studying. The relations between emotions, motivation, study success and well-being have been less frequently studied. The aim of this study was to investigate what kind of academic emotions, motivational factors and problems in studying students experienced five days before an exam of an activating lecture course, and the relations among these factors as well as their relation to self-study time and study success. Furthermore, the effect of all these factors on well-being, flow experience and academic achievement was examined. The term academic emotion was defined as emotion experienced in academic settings and related to studying. In the present study the theoretical background to motivational factors was based on thinking strategies and attributions, flow experience and task value. Problems in studying were measured in terms of exhaustion, anxiety, stress, lack of interest, lack of self-regulation and procrastination. The data were collected in December 2009 in an activating educational psychology lecture course by using a questionnaire. The participants (n=107) were class and kindergarten teacher students from the University of Helsinki. Most of them were first year students. The course grades were also gathered. Correlations and stepwise regression analysis were carried out to find out the factors that were related to or explained study success. The clusters that presented students´ problems in studying as well as thinking strategies and attributions, were found through hierarchical cluster analysis. K-means cluster analysis was used to form the final groups. One-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test and crosstabs were conducted to see whether the students in different clusters varied in terms of study success, academic emotions, task value, flow, and background variables. The results indicated that academic emotions measured five days before the exam explained about 30 % of the variance of the course grade; exhaustion and interest positively, and anxiety negatively. In addition, interest as well as the self-study time best explained study success on the course. The participants were classified into three clusters according to their problems in studying as well as their thinking strategies and attributions: 1) ill-being, 2) carefree, and 3) committed and optimistic students. Ill-being students reported most negative emotions, achieved the worst grades, experienced anxiety rather than flow and were also the youngest. Carefree students, on the other hand, expressed the least negative emotions and spent the least time on self-studying, and like committed students, experienced flow. In addition, committed students reported positive emotions the most often and achieved the best grades on the course. In the future, more in-depth understanding how and why especially young first year students experience their studying hard is needed, because early state of the studies is shown to predict later study success.

Habilidades sociales y contextos de la conducta social

[Es] Las habilidades sociales, o habilidades interpersonales, han sido objeto de creciente interés durante los últimos años en psicología social, clínica y educativa; y, sin embargo, tanto su evaluación como la intervención psicológica para su mejora se topan con una desconcertante proliferación de clasificaciones o categorías divergentes de las mismas. En este trabajo, y como resultado de sucesivos análisis factoriales, se proponen cinco grandes categorías de habilidades sociales (Interacción con personas desconocidas en situaciones de consumo, Interacción con personas que atraen, Interacción con amigos y compañeros, Interacción con familiares, y Hacer y rechazar peticiones a los amigos/as) que responden a distintos contextos de interacción social. Las cinco escalas, correspondientes a tales categorías, de un nuevo instrumento de medida, el Cuestionario de Dificultades Interpersonales (CDI), con alta consistencia interna (·= 0,896), explican el 47,47% de la varianza total. Los análisis correlacionales entre el CDI y el Test de Autoverbalizaciones en la Interacción Social (SISST) de Glass, Merluzzi, Biever y Larsen (1982) revelan diferencias cognitivas significativas entre los sujetos de alta y baja habilidad social, dándose una mayor frecuencia de autoverbalizaciones positivas y una menor frecuencia de autoverbalizaciones negativas en los sujetos de alta habilidad social que en los sujetos de baja habilidad social.

Professores especiais para alunos especiais: uma experiência de grupo operativo na capacitação de professores

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a contribuição que a interação vivenciada em grupos operativos pode oferecer ao desenvolvimento da capacidade de aprendizagem no amplo processo de capacitação docente, numa perspectiva psicopedagógica. Buscou-se perceber como a técnica dos grupos operativos contribuiria para a modificação da pratica pedagógica desenvolvida por professores de aceleração de aprendizagem no sentido de otimizar os resultados do trabalho por eles desenvolvidos junto aos alunos dessas classes.Foram acompanhados, em dinâmica de grupo operativo, vinte docentes de classes de aceleração incluídos em um projeto de capacitação para professores desenvolvido em Mangaratiba, RJ. A tarefa explicita nesse grupo foi a elaboração de temas sobre a aprendizagem dos alunos e dos professores, considerando a auto-estima acadêmica de ambos.A base teórica adotada foi a Epistemologia Convergente, na qual Jorge Visca propõe um modelo específico de intervenção psicopedagógica. Neste modelo, a perspectiva relacional está fundada nas contribuições da psicologia social, conforme é compreendida por Pichon-Riviére. Aí, a técnica dos grupos operativos é utilizada para favorecer o desenvolvimento relacional do grupo participante, otimizando suas possibilidades de aprender. Realizou-se então, uma intervenção psicopedagógica para a capacitação de docentes de classe de aceleração de aprendizagem e um dos instrumentos dessa intervenção foi a vivencia em grupo operativo. A pesquisa acompanhou o desenvolvimento desse grupo observando e interagindo para que se produzissem os movimentos que contribuíram para mobilizar a resignificação do modelo de aprendizagem dos seus membros.Essa resignificação possibilitou ao professor considerar a capacidade para aprender em grupo fator de grande importância na tarefa docente, aspecto considerado original na capacitação realizada. Os resultados qualitativos observados tornaram-se explícitos ao longo da vivencia grupal na significativa mudança da relação do grupo com a produção de conhecimento e da auto-estima profissional dos participantes. A pesquisa concluiu que os processos de capacitação docente devem continuar buscando alternativas mais coerentes com os aspectos que se deseja formar nos professores e apresenta os grupos operativos como estratégia psicopedagógica de excelentes possibilidades na capacitação dos mesmos.Enfatiza ainda, a possibilidade de reconstrução do sentido e pratica da cidadania na dinâmica desses grupos já que neles, os sujeitos encontram oportunidades de redefinição dos papeis que desempenham, pelo exercício da flexibilização dos mesmos. Confirma a certeza de que o professor que poderá ensinar a construir conhecimento deverá, ele mesmo, ter construído o seu como a condição para que possa ajudar o aluno a superar as inúmeras dificuldades inerentes à aprendizagem presentes nas estruturas sociais, nos sistemas escolares e em sua própria historia pessoal. É nessa superação que alunos e professores já marcados pelas vivências de fracasso escolar poderão retomar no grupo social a construção de sua condição cidadã, justificando o empenho realizado pela educação escolar.

A reforma curricular de Psicologia na Universidade Estadual da Paraíba: as recontextualizações institucionais

A análise em tela investiga a construção do projeto político pedagógico do Departamento de Psicologia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (2011), tendo como parâmetros o projeto político pedagógico inicial do curso (1999) e a produção de textos, discursos e documentos no cenário nacional que versam sobre a reforma curricular da graduação em Psicologia no Brasil. A abordagem do ciclo contínuo de políticas, proposta por Stephen Ball e a vertente analítica das comunidades epistêmicas são a base teórico-metodológica escolhida. Também há uma interlocução com o campo da Psicologia da Educação, em uma perspectiva multidisciplinar, apoiada nas contribuições de Michel Foucault sobre discurso e poder. Compreendemos, a partir desta perspectiva, que as políticas curriculares são pensadas e produzidas num processo complexo que envolve diversas ações nos contextos da influência, produção e da prática (BALL e BOWE, 1992). Ainda que o foco de nossa pesquisa seja no contexto da prática (reforma curricular do curso de Psicologia), a análise considera os outros contextos pelas relações de interdependência que há entre eles. O intervalo cronológico definido para compreensão das políticas curriculares para a formação em Psicologia (1999-2011) foi atento às definições ocorridas, neste período, as quais permitem a análise mais precisa do nosso objeto: as recontextualizações institucionais na reforma curricular da Psicologia da UEPB. Elas são analisadas a partir da identificação de dois projetos de formação em disputa no cenário nacional: um projeto generalista e outro especialista. O primeiro tem como características principais a defesa de um curso com denominação única (Curso de Psicologia), formação focada na profissionalização, substituição das antigas áreas de habilitação para ênfases curriculares, dissociação entre formação profissional e formação do professor e, por fim, extinção da terminologia de bacharel. Já o segundo defende dois aspectos que dizem respeito a reivindicação da formação do bacharel e a formação do professor. Identificamos que o projeto de formação generalista que tem como maior representante o CFP, tornou-se vencedor, no cenário nacional, tendo repercussões no contexto da prática na UEPB. Há algumas sintonias entre as diretrizes curriculares construídas para a Psicologia na universidade e as diretrizes do CFP que defendem a inclusão das práticas emergentes ao currículo da graduação em Psicologia no país. Esta constatação atesta a ação de uma comunidade epistêmica que defendeu um projeto de formação focado na profissionalização na área clínica. Assim, concluímos que, ainda que haja a definição da profissionalização como meta do curso de Psicologia da UEPB, é a área/ênfase de Psicologia Organizacional e do Trabalho que aparece como dominante; a área/ênfase de Psicologia Clínica tem suas horas diminuídas; as ênfases curriculares são correlatas das áreas de formação do PPPI (1999) e a formação do professor de Psicologia é excluída do NPPP (2011), ficando para o futuro a construção de um projeto específico para esta formação. Portanto, a reforma curricular de Psicologia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, apesar de pretender uma formação generalista, reproduz uma lógica especialista e o perfil do curso foca na profissionalização, mas com uma ascensão da área/ênfase Psicologia Organizacional e do Trabalho.

Sociedade de controle e medicalização na educação: cartografando as práticas de um psicólogo nas escolas de uma cidade do interior do Rio de Janeiro

Esta dissertação baseia-se em uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada em cinco escolas de nível fundamental e infantil, e em uma escola de ensino especial/ atendimento educacional especializado (AEE) de uma cidade de pequeno porte do interior do Rio de Janeiro, na região sul do estado. O presente trabalho situa-se no contexto das discussões sobre as práticas de medicalização na escola-empresa e nas sociedades de controle, e tem como objetivo a investigação da medicalização e a judicialização como exigências que têm moldado um viés predominante médico-assistencialista ao trabalho do psicólogo, concentrando-se em atendimentos individualizados a alunos e famílias nas escolas públicas. O método adotado é o da cartografia (Deleuze & Guattari). Os conceitos de Medicalização (Conrad, Illitch, Szasz). Controle (Deleuze), e o conceito científico-ficcional de Pré-Crime (Dick) são a coluna vertebral do trabalho. A pesquisa de cunho qualitativo utiliza os referenciais teórico-práticos da análise institucional (AI) e dos estudos da filosofia de diferença, de autores como Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guatarri, assim como a contribuição valiosa de estudiosos mais contemporâneos, como Veiga-Neto, Gallo e Marcondes. Os analisadores dos relatórios pré-crime de medicalização do fracasso escolar, da (in)disciplina e da loucura através funcionam como pistas para as passagens dos diagnósticos para as práticas e modos coletivos de subjetivação, contexto mais amplo que nos conduz à visibilidade das questões do trabalho, da saúde no trabalho no magistério, e às plataformas de alianças coletivas entre técnicos(psicólogos) e não-técnicos (professores) para a construção dos processos de desmedicalização e desmedicalização na Educação.

Komunikaziorako gaitasunaren ebaluazioa ingurune birtualetan goi-mailako irakaskuntzan

390 p.

学习困难儿童智力结构及其与心理语言、视动能力关系的研究

IQ Structure, Psycholinguistic and Visual-motor Abilities Study on Children Learning Disability TONG Fang Directed by professor Zhu Liqi (Developmental and educational psychology) ABSTRACT Objective To comprehensive analyze the IQ structures, and relationships among IQ, psychometric characteristics and visual-motor integration on children disability. At same time, to probe into the family factors that influenced IQ, psycholinguistic abilities and behavior of LD children. Method (1) Downloading the papers on children learning disability from www.cqvip.com and www.wanfangdata.com, in which, the articles were collected by key words from 1985 to 2005. To conduct meta-analysis on IQ construction, compare the case group and the control group, including full IQ, verbal and practice IQ. (2) Designed with model compared and self-compared, 59 diagnosed learning disability children, tested themes with WISC, ITPA and Berry’s VMI. WISC included 10 items, 5 of which subtotal to verbal and practice IQ respectively. IPTA included 10 items, too, 5 process of which subtotal to auditory and visual perception. The first 3 items shared representation level, the other 2 of that shared automatic level.VMI had one score. Analyzed factors and levels with description and Pearson Correlation. To probe to linguistic internal alternately functions of LD children, and compare the scores of groups in different IQ. (3) Analyzed the perspective questionnaire filled by parents. Early development facts compared with model groups. Factors relationships analyzed with Kendall correlation, KOM and Bartlett’s test of sphericity, Promax Rotation. Results: (1) There have been 319 papers related with LD, in which 36 with IQ and 14 valid reports have been analyzed by Meta. FIQ’s 95%CI (confidence interval) is 2.418 ~ 0.172, VIQ between the difficulty and non- difficulty group. C-WISC-R reports were 10 papers, of which, 95%CI of FIQ is 2.424 ~ 0.676, of VIQ is 2.314 ~ 1.196, of PIQ is 2.176 ~ 0.176. The VIQ comparing the PIQ, 95%CI is 1.1 ~ -0.07 in difficulty group and 0.5 ~ -0.0046 in non-difficult group. Nevertheless, in the other 4 tests, FIQ’s 95%CI is 2.00 ~ -0.818 between LD and NLD. (2) Children psycholinguistic abilities had strong relation with Berry’s VMI test excluding auditory reception, and with perceptive factor of intelligence excluding verbal expression. Auditory reception and visual closure had strong relation with FIQ and PIQ. Grammatic closure, visual association and manual expression had strong relation with concept factor. The representational and automatic levels are depended on integration of auditory and visual procession. Lower verbal expression (VE) let to lower expression process and low scores on representational level. Lower visual sequential memory (VSM) let to lower memory process and influenced automatic level. Groups compared by IQ 90 show that LD children with under IQ 90 had lower scores on items of IPTA than with up IQ 90 excluded verbal expression. It was proved that IQ administrated the linguistic ability. Nevertheless, general abilities deficiency didn’t show influencing on the types of the perceptive delay. There was mutual function among linguistic ability on LD children. Auditory and visual level are overlapped each other. Not only show higher Decoding and lower Encoding on Auditory perception, lower Decoding and higher Encoding on Visual perception, in representation, but also higher Sequential remember, lower Closure on Audition, and lower Sequential member, higher Closure on Vision, in Automation. Nevertheless, there was no different between Representational and Automatic level, which may be the relationship of parallel or evolution. (3) Major family factors were father’s education, occupation. Lower auditory perception related to unconcerned, lower visual perception related to premature delivery and written slowly. Threatened–abortion, childbirth-suffocated were known as influencing children’s IQ and later linguistic abilities. It wasn’t shown that dosage relationship with the types of perceptive delay. Conclusion: (1) The FIQ, VIQ and PIQ of Children with LD is lower than that of NLD group. There is no significantly different between VIQ and PIQ in LD and NLD groups. (2) The objectives of ITPA and WISC tests are differently. The psycholinguistic abilities had strong relation with perceptive factor and VMI. Some facts of IPTA related with FIQ. IQ had strong administration on linguistic abilities. There was mutual function among linguistic internal abilities. (3) Family facts on IQ and psycholinguistic abilities were Father’s education, abnormal pregnant and abortion. It would be pre-show development delay in early period.