Thermal characterisation of dye-intercalated K-10 montmorillonite ceramics using photoacoustic technique

Thermal diffusivity (TD) measurements were performed on some industrially important dyes – auramine O (AO), malachite green and methylene blue (MB) – adsorbed K-10 montmorillonites using photoacoustic method. The TD value for the dye-adsorbed clay mineral was observed to change with a variation in dye concentration. The contribution of the dye towards TD was also determined. The repeatedly adsorbed samples with MB and AO exhibited a lower TD than the single-adsorbed samples. TD values of sintered MB samples were also obtained experimentally. These sintered samples exhibit a higher TD, although they show a trend similar to that of non-sintered pellets. A variation in dye concentration and sintering temperature can be used for tuning the TD value of the clay mineral to the desired level.

Thermal characterisation of dye-intercalated K-10 montmorillonite ceramics using photoacoustic technique

Thermal diffusivity (TD) measurements were performed on some industrially important dyes – auramine O (AO), malachite green and methylene blue (MB) – adsorbed K-10 montmorillonites using photoacoustic method. The TD value for the dye-adsorbed clay mineral was observed to change with a variation in dye concentration. The contribution of the dye towards TD was also determined. The repeatedly adsorbed samples with MB and AO exhibited a lower TD than the single-adsorbed samples. TD values of sintered MB samples were also obtained experimentally. These sintered samples exhibit a higher TD, although they show a trend similar to that of non-sintered pellets. A variation in dye concentration and sintering temperature can be used for tuning the TD value of the clay mineral to the desired level

Seminario sobre programaci??n de unidades did??cticas y unidades de trabajo en el marco de la LOE, 29 de febrero y 1 de marzo de 2008, Murcia

Las ponencias se presentan en formato PDF. - Se ofrece un enlace al listado de publicaciones realizadas por los asistentes al seminario.

Identification, characterization and antigenicity of the Plasmodium vivax rhoptry neck protein 1 (PvRON1)

Background: Plasmodium vivax malaria remains a major health problem in tropical and sub-tropical regions worldwide. Several rhoptry proteins which are important for interaction with and/or invasion of red blood cells, such as PfRONs, Pf92, Pf38, Pf12 and Pf34, have been described during the last few years and are being considered as potential anti-malarial vaccine candidates. This study describes the identification and characterization of the P. vivax rhoptry neck protein 1 (PvRON1) and examine its antigenicity in natural P. vivax infections. Methods: The PvRON1 encoding gene, which is homologous to that encoding the P. falciparum apical sushi protein (ASP) according to the plasmoDB database, was selected as our study target. The pvron1 gene transcription was evaluated by RT-PCR using RNA obtained from the P. vivax VCG-1 strain. Two peptides derived from the deduced P. vivax Sal-I PvRON1 sequence were synthesized and inoculated in rabbits for obtaining anti-PvRON1 antibodies which were used to confirm the protein expression in VCG-1 strain schizonts along with its association with detergent-resistant microdomains (DRMs) by Western blot, and its localization by immunofluorescence assays. The antigenicity of the PvRON1 protein was assessed using human sera from individuals previously exposed to P. vivax malaria by ELISA. Results: In the P. vivax VCG-1 strain, RON1 is a 764 amino acid-long protein. In silico analysis has revealed that PvRON1 shares essential characteristics with different antigens involved in invasion, such as the presence of a secretory signal, a GPI-anchor sequence and a putative sushi domain. The PvRON1 protein is expressed in parasite's schizont stage, localized in rhoptry necks and it is associated with DRMs. Recombinant protein recognition by human sera indicates that this antigen can trigger an immune response during a natural infection with P. vivax. Conclusions: This study shows the identification and characterization of the P. vivax rhoptry neck protein 1 in the VCG-1 strain. Taking into account that PvRON1 shares several important characteristics with other Plasmodium antigens that play a functional role during RBC invasion and, as shown here, it is antigenic, it could be considered as a good vaccine candidate. Further studies aimed at assessing its immunogenicity and protection-inducing ability in the Aotus monkey model are thus recommended.

Lumbar estrecho: experiencia de 10 años en la fundación santa fé de Bogotá

El canal lumbar estrecho de tipo degenerativo, es una enfermedad que se presenta en pacientes entre la quinta y la sexta década de vida; es la causa más común de cirugía lumbar después de los 65 años. Este trabajo busca determinar cuáles son los factores asociados a la presentación de eventos adversos o re-intervención en cirugía de canal lumbar estrecho en la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá en los años comprendidos entre 2003 y 2013. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de prevalencia de tipo analítico, en donde se analizaron 249 pacientes sometidos a intervención quirúrgica por cirugía de canal lumbar estrecho.

Experiencia comparativa de creatividad icónica en un colectivo de niños de edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 12 años.

1- Determinar cuales son las posibilidades de interacción entre imagen y creatividad. 2- Relación entre creatividad y forma icónica. 3-Comportamiento social del grupo e influencia de este sobre el comportamiento creativo. 4- Influencia del ambiente cultural y social en la creatividad icónica. 5- Analizar si es productivo el grupo para crear imágenes y si es adecuado el grupo de 6 niños. 6- Descubrir el método técnico que más favorece la creatividad del individuo y del grupo. 7- Determinar si es adecuado la edad de los niños para realizar el trabajo de creación e interpretación. 96 Niños de 10 a 12 años, de dos colegios de Guadalajara, privado y estatal, representativos de nivel socio-cultural diferente. Divididos en dos grupos de 24, en función del tipo de trabajo a realizar (creación icónica, interpretación compositiva icónica). A su vez, se dividieron en 4 grupos de 6. La asignación fue aleatoria. La distribución de edades de 2 niños de 10, 11 y 12 años. 2 Fases: 1. Creación icónica. Los niños tienen que expresar en 4 formas icónicas (película, diapositiva, fotocomposición y comic) un cuento; cada grupo realizaba una. 2. Interpretación compositiva icónica, toma como elemento base el material visual producido por los grupos de creación icónica, que sufre un tratamiento (fraccionamiento del material o privación de otro código que no sea el icónico). Interpretar ese material fragmentario componiendo algo con sentido. Para analizar los trabajos de creación icónica utilizan criterios de unidad y coherencia, variedad, originalidad, elaboración y técnica utilizada, expresividad estética y creación de un estilo propio. Para la interpretación compositiva, criterios de reconstrucción del cuento, invención, expresión plástica, relación, condensación y simplificación. Se ha estudiado el ambiente social y el funcionamiento de los grupos. Existe relación e interacción entre imagen y creatividad. El cine es la forma icónica que más posibilidades tiene para estimular la creatividad del niño, aunque su complejidad dificulta su creación icónica. El grupo es eficázmente productivo para la creación de imágenes, pues al permitir el contraste de ideas y opiniones enriquece la creación. Los grupos más cohesionados y mejor estructurados presentan un mejor rendimiento creativo. Se ha demostrado que el tamaño del grupo es adecuado. El medio social y cultural influye en la creatividad infantil, siendo los grupos de nivel socio-cultural más elevado los que poseen mayor habilidad, lo llevan a cabo en menos tiempo y con menor esfuerzo. Los métodos de trabajo utilizados por los grupos son muy variados, pero generalmente de tipo analítico. Los niños de 12 años son más productivos y tienen un mejor rendimiento y comportamiento social y creativo, si bien los niños de 10 y 11 años son más imaginativos. De este trabajo se derivan aportaciones prácticas orientadas a la utilización del ocio y la docencia. Se apuntan algunas ideas para la utilización de la pedagogía de la creatividad y a las posibilidades que ofrece la imagen como contenido de la enseñanza.

Tin–osmium cluster formation with a monomeric tin(II) alkyl: the formation, crystal structure and reactivity of [Os3(µ-H)SnR(CO)10], a formal stannyne complex of the osmium triangle {R = C(SiMe3)2C5H4N-2}

The monomeric tin(II) species SnR2{R = C(SiMe3)2C5H4N-2} reacts with [Os3(H)2(CO)10] in hexane to give [Os3(µ-H)SnR(CO)10]1 quantitatively; 1 is the first formal stannyne complex of the triosmium nucleus, in which the picoline nitrogen is coordinated to the tin atom, and which is itself also reactive, being a potential precursor to high nuclearity SnOs clusters.

Efeitos da suplementação de L-arginina e do exercício em cicloergômetro sobre a função endotelial e estresse oxidativo em indivíduos com diabetes tipo 1

Introdução e Objetivo: O fluxo sangüíneo gera estresse de cisalhamento sobre a parede dos vasos induzindo a conversão do aminoácido L-arginina em L-citrulina pela ação da eNOs, liberando o vasodilatador óxido nítrico. O exercício aumenta o fluxo sangüíneo e ativa a eNOs, promovendo vasodilatação. Um aumento no diâmetro do vaso diminuiria os níveis de estresse oxidativo pela diminuição do estresse de cisalhamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os efeitos da suplementação de L-arginina sobre a função endotelial e estresse oxidativo em indivíduos com diabetes tipo 1. Métodos: Foram avaliados 10 indivíduos do sexo masculino com diabetes do tipo 1 e 20 indivíduos saudáveis para controle, que realizaram teste de cargas progressivas em cicloergômetro para a determinação da carga de exercício, que correspondia a 10% abaixo do 2 º limiar ventilatório. Em uma nova data, os voluntários se exercitaram durante 45 minutos em cicloergômetro, onde foram avaliados parâmetros de função endotelial e estresse oxidativo antes e depois do exercício. Os voluntários foram separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: L-arginina e placebo. A suplementação de L-arginina foi realizada a partir da ingesta de 7g ao dia na forma de cápsulas; o grupo placebo recebeu amido. Após a suplementação, foi repetido o protocolo de exercício. A função endotelial foi avaliada através da avaliação do fluxo sangüíneo e concentração de nitritos plasmáticos; o estresse oxidativo foi avaliado pelas técnicas do TBARS, carbonil, TRAP e ácido úrico plasmáticos Utilizou-se ANOVA Fatorial de duas vias e teste post hoc de Tukey para análise dos resultados, aceitou-se p<0,05 como significativo. Resultados: Os dados estão expressos em média + erro padrão. Os indivíduos com diabetes do tipo 1 não apresentaram disfunção endotelial quando comparados aos controle, entretanto tiveram parâmetros de estresse oxidativo elevados (TBARS de 1,09 + 0,41 e 2,44 + 0,46 nmolMDA.mg PTN-1, p=0,039; carbonil de 0,148 + 0,02 e 1,48 + 0,20 fM.mg PTN-1, p=0,000 e ácido úrico de 44,55 + 2,06 e 28,10 + 1,57 mg/dl, p=0,000, em controles e diabéticos, respectivamente). O exercício aumentou significativamente o fluxo sangüíneo nos controle e diabéticos ( de 3,53 + 0,35 para 5,46 + 0,35 ml.100ml-1.min-1 no controle, p=0,001 e de 2,66 + 0,33 para 3,77 + 0,36 ml.100ml-1.min-1 nos indivíduos com diabetes, p= 0,000), mas não alterou as concentrações plasmáticas de nitritos nem os parâmetros de estresse oxidativo. Os diabéticos que receberam suplementação com L-arginina tiveram seus valores de fluxo sangüíneo em repouso elevados significativamente (de 3,05 + 0,63 para 4,74 + 0,86 ml.100ml-1.min-1 , p=0,036), efeito não encontrado no grupo controle que recebeu a suplementação. Entretanto, este grupo não apresentou aumento do fluxo sangüíneo após o exercício, conforme observado no momento antes da suplementação. Conclusão: O exercício físico em cicloergômetro aumenta o fluxo sangüíneo sem alterar os parâmetros de estresse oxidativo em indivíduos controle e diabéticos tipo 1. A suplementação com L-arginina aumenta a vasodilatação dependente do endotélio em indivíduos com diabetes do tipo 1, e atenua o aumento do fluxo sangüíneo em resposta ao exercício nestes pacientes. Esta resposta demonstrou uma possível melhora na função endotelial na situação de repouso com a suplementação. Entretanto, restam questões obscuras sobre a resposta de fluxo ao exercício sob o efeito da L-arginina nesta população, sendo necessários estudos adicionais para o esclarecimento.

Thermodynamic and electronic study of Ga-1 _ xMnxN films. A theoretical study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The effect of laminin-1-doped nanoroughened implant surfaces: Gene expression and morphological evaluation

Aim. This study aimed to observe the morphological and molecular effect of laminin-1 doping to nanostructured implant surfaces in a rabbit model. Materials and Methods. Nanostructured implants were coated with laminin-1 (test; dilution, 100 g/mL) and inserted into the rabbit tibiae. Noncoated implants were used as controls. After 2 weeks of healing, the implants were removed and subjected to morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gene expression analysis using the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results. SEM revealed bony tissue attachment for both control and test implants. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of osteoblast markers RUNX-2, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, and collagen I was higher (1.62-fold, 1.53-fold, 1.97-fold, and 1.04-fold, resp.) for the implants modified by laminin-1 relative to the control. All osteoclast markers investigated in the study presented higher expression on the test implants than controls as follows: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (1.67-fold), calcitonin receptor (1.35-fold), and ATPase (1.25-fold). The test implants demonstrated higher expression of inflammatory markers interleukin-10 (1.53-fold) and tumour necrosis factor-α (1.61-fold) relative to controls. Conclusion. The protein-doped surface showed higher gene expression of typical genes involved in the osseointegration cascade than the control surface. © 2012 Humberto Osvaldo Schwartz-Filho et al.

Classes de capacidade de uso do solo da bacia hidrográfica da Serra da Mantiqueira - UGRI 1

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

Picosecond nonlinearity of GeO2-Bi2O3-PbO-TiO2 glasses at 532 and 1,064 nm

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

IL-10 e TNF-α no sangue materno e nas placentas de gestações complicadas por diabete ou hiperglicemia gestacional leve - correlação com controle glicêmico e resultados perinatais

Objective - At evaluating the IL-10 production in maternal blood and placenta and correlate them with perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by hyperglycemia, or with risk to developing it, differentiated by the glycemic mean (GM < or ≥ 100mg/dL). Method- 186 pregnant women were distributed into groups GM < 100 mg/dL and GM ≥ 100 mg/dL. We evaluated the GM, HbA1c levels, maternal and placental IL-10 and TNF-α and the correlation between placental cytokines and perinatal outcomes. Results - In maternal blood, the lower concentrations of IL-10 (1.01 ± 0.87 vs. 3.08 ± 5.57 pg / mL, p = 0.0019) were observed in GM ≥ 100 mg / dL group. Placental IL-10 was directly correlated with hemoglobin levels (r = 0.63, p = 0.02) and insulin (r = 0.78, p = 0.01) from umbilical cord and with Apgar scores 1 (r = 0.53, p = 0.0095) and Apgar 5 (r = 0.69, p = 0.0003). Conclusion - GM ≥ 100mg/dL was associated with decreased of maternal IL-10. Placental IL-10 was similar in both groups and correlated directly with hemoglobin and insulin and with Apgar scores of 1st. and 5th. minutes

Increased interleukin-10 and interferon-γ levels in Plasmodium vivax malaria suggest a reciprocal regulation which is not altered by IL-10 gene promoter polymorphism

Background In human malaria, the naturally-acquired immune response can result in either the elimination of the parasite or a persistent response mediated by cytokines that leads to immunopathology. The cytokines are responsible for all the symptoms, pathological alterations and the outcome of the infection depends on the reciprocal regulation of the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. IL-10 and IFN-gamma are able to mediate this process and their production can be affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on gene of these cytokines. In this study, the relationship between cytokine IL-10/IFN-gamma levels, parasitaemia, and their gene polymorphisms was examined and the participation of pro-inflammatory and regulatory balance during a natural immune response in Plasmodium vivax-infected individuals was observed. Methods The serum levels of the cytokines IL-4, IL-12, IFN-gamma and IL-10 from 132 patients were evaluated by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The polymorphism at position +874 of the IFN-gamma gene was identified by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR) method, and the polymorphism at position -1082 of the IL-10 gene was analysed by PCR-RFLP (PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Results The levels of a pro- (IFN-gamma) and an anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were significantly higher in P. vivax-infected individuals as compared to healthy controls. The IFN-gamma levels in primoinfected patients were significantly higher than in patients who had suffered only one and more than one previous episode. The mutant alleles of both IFN-gamma and IL-10 genes were more frequent than the wild allele. In the case of the IFNG+874 polymorphism (IFN-gamma) the frequencies of the mutant (A) and wild (T) alleles were 70.13% and 29.87%, respectively. Similar frequencies were recorded in IL-10-1082, with the mutant (A) allele returning a frequency of 70.78%, and the wild (G) allele a frequency of 29.22%. The frequencies of the alleles associated with reduced production of both IFN-gamma and IL-10 were high, but this effect was only observed in the production of IFN-gamma. Conclusions This study has shown evidence of reciprocal regulation of the levels of IL-10 and IFN-gamma cytokines in P. vivax malaria, which is not altered by the presence of polymorphism in the IL-10 gene.

Advanced Glycation in macrophages induces intracellular accumulation of 7-ketocholesterol and total sterols by decreasing the expression of ABCA-1 and ABCG-1

Abstract Background Advanced glycation end products (AGE) alter lipid metabolism and reduce the macrophage expression of ABCA-1 and ABCG-1 which impairs the reverse cholesterol transport, a system that drives cholesterol from arterial wall macrophages to the liver, allowing its excretion into the bile and feces. Oxysterols favors lipid homeostasis in macrophages and drive the reverse cholesterol transport, although the accumulation of 7-ketocholesterol, 7alpha- hydroxycholesterol and 7beta- hydroxycholesterol is related to atherogenesis and cell death. We evaluated the effect of glycolaldehyde treatment (GAD; oxoaldehyde that induces a fast formation of intracellular AGE) in macrophages overloaded with oxidized LDL and incubated with HDL alone or HDL plus LXR agonist (T0901317) in: 1) the intracellular content of oxysterols and total sterols and 2) the contents of ABCA-1 and ABCG-1. Methods Total cholesterol and oxysterol subspecies were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and HDL receptors content by immunoblot. Results In control macrophages (C), incubation with HDL or HDL + T0901317 reduced the intracellular content of total sterols (total cholesterol + oxysterols), cholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol, which was not observed in GAD macrophages. In all experimental conditions no changes were found in the intracellular content of other oxysterol subspecies comparing C and GAD macrophages. GAD macrophages presented a 45% reduction in ABCA-1 protein level as compared to C cells, even after the addition of HDL or HDL + T0901317. The content of ABCG-1 was 36.6% reduced in GAD macrophages in the presence of HDL as compared to C macrophages. Conclusion In macrophages overloaded with oxidized LDL, glycolaldehyde treatment reduces the HDL-mediated cholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol efflux which is ascribed to the reduction in ABCA-1 and ABCG-1 protein level. This may contribute to atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus.