0.7～1.8 GPa,室温～1120℃条件下α-β石英相变的弹性参数

为了解高温高压条件下,α-β石英相变过程中的弹性性质,在0.7～1.8GPa,室温～1120℃条件下,利用多顶砧波速测量装置,采用脉冲反射-透射法,测量了α石英以及相变为β石英的纵波速度,弹性纵波穿过单晶α石英的方向为平行结晶轴X方向。实验结果表明,随温度升高,α石英的纵波速度开始非线性降低,之后,快速升高,这一现象是由于α-β石英相变引起的,依据晶体对称性与弹性参数的关系确定了α石英的弹性参数(C_(11)),及其随温度和压力的变化关系,同时获得了β石英的弹性参数(C_(11)),实验证实,测量α-β石英相变时的纵波速度,不仅是确定α-β石英相变温度和压力的一种方法,也是校正高压腔体温度和压力的有力手段.

PDP-6 LISP (LISP 1.5) Revised

This is a mosaic description of PDP-6 LISP, intended for readers familiar with the LISP 1.5 Programmer's Manual or who have used LISP on some other computer. Many of the features, such as the display, are subject to change. Thus, consult a PDP-6 system programmer for any differences which may exist between LISP of Oct. 14, 1966 and present LISP on the system tape.

Levantamento pedológico detalhado (1:5.000) da Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tatuí (APTA Sudoeste Paulista - SAA - SP)

Relato da distribuição dos solos e de seus atributos identificados no levantamento pedológico detalhado da Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tatuí, Polo Regional Sudoeste da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia do Agronegócio (APTA-SAA-SP).

Regulacja karboksylazy/oksygenazy rybulozo-1,5-bisfosforanu (Rubisco) u Arabidopsis thaliana w odpowiedzi na zmianę natężenia światła z umiarkowanego na niskie

Wydział Biologii

DSpace Manual: Software version 1.5

DSpace is an open source software platform that enables organizations to: - Capture and describe digital material using a submission workflow module, or a variety of programmatic ingest options - Distribute an organization's digital assets over the web through a search and retrieval system - Preserve digital assets over the long term This system documentation includes a functional overview of the system, which is a good introduction to the capabilities of the system, and should be readable by nontechnical personnel. Everyone should read this section first because it introduces some terminology used throughout the rest of the documentation. For people actually running a DSpace service, there is an installation guide, and sections on configuration and the directory structure. Note that as of DSpace 1.2, the administration user interface guide is now on-line help available from within the DSpace system. Finally, for those interested in the details of how DSpace works, and those potentially interested in modifying the code for their own purposes, there is a detailed architecture and design section.

Characterisation of the role of canonical BMP-Smad 1/5/8 signalling in the development of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons

Ventral midbrain (VM) dopaminergic (DA) neurons, which project to the dorsal striatum via the nigrostriatal pathway, are progressively degenerated in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The identification of the instructive factors that regulate midbrain DA neuron development, and the subsequent elucidation of the molecular bases of their effects, is vital. Such an understanding would facilitate the generation of transplantable DA neurons from stem cells and the identification of developmentally-relevant neurotrophic factors, the two most promising therapeutic approaches for PD. Two related members of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family, BMP2 and growth/differentiation factor (GDF) 5, which signal via a canonical Smad 1/5/8 signalling pathway, have been shown to have neurotrophic effects on midbrain DA neurons both in vitro and in vivo, and may function to regulate VM DA neuronal development. However, the molecular (signalling pathway(s)) and cellular (direct neuronal or indirect via glial cells) mechanisms of their effects remain to be elucidated. The present thesis hypothesised that canonical Smad signalling mediates the direct effects of BMP2 and GDF5 on the development of VM DA neurons. By activating, modulating and/or inhibiting various components of the BMP-Smad signalling pathway, this research demonstrated that GDF5- and BMP2-induced neurite outgrowth from midbrain DA neurons is dependent on BMP type I receptor activation of the Smad signalling pathway. The role of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-signalling, dynamin-dependent endocytosis and Smad interacting protein-1 (Sip1) regulation, in the neurotrophic effects of BMP2 and GDF5 were determined. Finally, the in vitro development of VM neural stem cells (NSCs) was characterised, and the ability of GDF5 and BMP2 to induce these VM NSCs towards DA neuronal differentiation was investigated. Taken together, these experiments identify GDF5 and BMP2 as novel regulators of midbrain DA neuronal induction and differentiation, and demonstrate that their effects on DA neurons are mediated by canonical BMPR-Smad signalling.

The persistence of the HgCl2 molecule in five new compounds in the system (NH4)(w)HgxCly(H2O)(z) with w : x : y : z=1 : 5 : 11 : 0, 2 : 3 : 8 : 1, 4 : 3 : 10 : 2, 2 : 1 : 4 : 1, and 10 : 3 : 16 : 0

Five new compounds in the system (NH4)Cl/HgCl2/H2O have been obtained as colourless single crystals, (NH4)Hg5Cl11, (NH4)(2)Hg3Cl8(H2O), (NH4)(4)Hg3Cl10(H2O)(2), (NH4)(2)HgCl4(H2O), and (NH4)(10)Hg3Cl16. In all of these, as in HgCl2 itself, (almost) linear HgCl2 molecules persist with Hg-Cl distances varying from 229 to 236 pm. In (NH4)(10)Hg3Cl16 there are also tetrahedra [HgCl4] with d(Hg-Cl) = 247 pm present. If larger Hg-Cl distances (of up to 340 pm) are considered as belonging to the coordination sphere of Hg-II, the structures may be described as consisting of isolated octahedra and tetrahedra as in (NH4)(10)Hg3Cl16, edge-connected chains as in (NH4)(2)HgCl4(H2O), edge-connected chains and layers of octahedra as in (NH4)(4)Hg3Cl10(H2O)(2), corrugated layers of edge-connected octahedra as in (NH4)(2)Hg3Cl8(H2O), and, finally, a three-dimensional network of connected six- and seven-coordinate Hg-Cl polyhedra as in (NH4)Hg5Cl11. The water molecules are never attached to Hg-II. The (NH4)(+) cations, and sometimes Cl- anions, play a role for electroneutrality only.

Study of the transamidative ring expansion of N--halogenoalkyl--lactams of alkyl chain lengths 2–12 in liquid ammonia and other liquid amines: syntheses of 7-, 8- and 9-membered 1,5-diaza cyclic ketones, including routes to (±)-dihydroperiphylline and (±)-celabenzine

N-(3-Halogenopropyl)-4-phenylazetidin-2-ones undergo amination in liquid ammonia followed by transamidative ring expansion to give the eight-membered 4-phenyl -1,5-diazacyclooctan-2-one in excellent yield. Ring expansion of the amines in liquid ammonia is found to be much more effective than in hydrocarbon solvents. Formation of 7-, 8-, and 9-membered azalactams from the requisite -halogenoalkyl--lactams is an excellent synthetic process, though it is not applicable to 10membered rings. In the cases of rings of 13-, 15- and 17-members, although amination and apparent expansion takes place, the large rings appear not to be stable to ammonia and the final products are acyclic amides. N-[4-Halogenobut-2(Z)-enyl]-4-phenylazetidin-2-one satisfactorily forms a 9-membered (Z)-olefinic azalactam, but the (E)-isomer gives an acyclic amino amide. By using alkyl-substituted -lactam side-chains, C-substituted medium rings can be obtained; the relative instability of N-acyl -lactams to ammonia, however, leads to acylamino amides rather than expanded rings.Employing ethylamine in place of ammonia, it is shown that N-ethylated azalactams are formed satisfactorily, and using allylamine, N-allyl medium rings capable of further elaboration are obtained. The chemistry of these systems is discussed. Using transamidation in liquid ammonia, a short synthesis of the 9-membered spermidine alkaloid (±)-dihydroperiphylline is reported. Synthesis of key intermediates, whose transformation into the 13-membered alkaloids of the celabenzine group has already been effected, has been carried out.X-Ray single-crystal structure determinations for 4-phenyl-1,5-diazacyclononan-2-one, trans-4-phenyl-8-methyl-1,5-diazacyclooctan-2-one and (Z)-4-phenyl-1,5-diazacyclonon-7-en-2-one are reported, and comment is made on certain conformational features.

The Novel Tubulin-Targeting Agent Pyrrolo-1,5-Benzoxazepine-15 Induces Apoptosis in Poor Prognostic Subgroups of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Pyrrolo-1,5-benzoxazepine-15 (PBOX-15) is a novel microtubule depolymerization agent that induces cell cycle arrest and subsequent apoptosis in a number of cancer cell lines. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by clonal expansion of predominately nonproliferating mature B cells. Here, we present data suggesting PBOX-15 is a potential therapeutic agent for CLL. We show activity of PBOX-15 in samples taken from a cohort of CLL patients (n = 55) representing both high-risk and low-risk disease. PBOX-15 exhibited cytotoxicity in CLL cells (n = 19) in a dose-dependent manner, with mean IC(50) of 0.55 mu mol/L. PBOX-15 significantly induced apoptosis in CLL cells (n = 46) including cells with poor prognostic markers: unmutated IgV(II) genes, CD38 and zeta-associated protein 70 (ZAP-70) expression, and fludarabine-resistant cells with chromosomal deletions in 17p. In addition, PBOX-15 was more potent than fludarabine in inducing apoptosis in fludarabine-sensitive cells. Pharmacologic inhibition and small interfering RNA knockdown of caspase-8 significantly inhibited PBOX-15-induced apoptosis. Pharmacologic inhibition of c-jun NH(2)-terminal kinase inhibited PBOX-15-induced apoptosis in mutated IgV(II) and ZAP-70(-) CLL cells but not in unmutated IgV(II) and ZAP-70(+) cells. PBOX-15 exhibited selective cytotoxicity in CLL cells compared with normal hematopoietic cells. Our data suggest that PBOX-15 represents a novel class of agents that are toxic toward both high-risk and low-risk CLL cells. The need for novel treatments is acute in CLL, especially for the subgroup of patients with poor clinical outcome and drug-resistant disease. This study identifies a novel agent with significant clinical potential.