Patrocínios no Desporto Como Meio de Comunicação : caso Sporting Clube de Portugal

Este trabalho tem como objectivo perceber se o patrocínio começa cada vez mais a ser visto como um meio de comunicação viável para as empresas inseridas no mundo do desporto. Foi feita uma revisão de literatura em que abordaremos os tópicos de marketing, desporto em Portugal, marketing desportivo e patrocínio, e faremos a associação devida entre eles para que possamos perceber como estes temas se relacionam e quais os resultados finais. Iremos também abordar as visões sobre o patrocínio, tanto do patrocinado como do patrocinador, e quais os seus objectivos e diferenças, com um exemplo prático do Sporting Clube de Portugal e de três dos seus patrocinadores: Puma, Portugal Telecom e a Caixa Geral de Depósitos.

Producción de arte secuencial en Ecuador desde 2003 a 2013: análisis de clubs de cómics

En la sociedad actual es muy importante la imagen, el manejo de la misma es un valor que debemos tener como individuos u organizaciones. Parte de esta concentración por lo visual que el cómic es un objeto de estudio interesante para entender la cultura contemporánea. Adicional a esto el cómic es una propuesta estética que puede desarrollarse más en el Ecuador. Así se plantea este trabajo de investigación como un análisis de los clubes de cómic y artistas ecuatorianos, concentrándose en sus metodologías y formas de organización. Consecuentemente los relatos de los artistas y de quienes forman los clubes de cómic son la base de esta investigación para poder plasmar cómo se produce cómic en el país. De esta manera se pudo visualizar cómo artistas individuales se relacionan con instituciones públicas o privadas para lograr mantener sus proyectos vigentes y evolucionando. También se evidenciaron los puntos dentro del proceso de producción de cómic, más difícil de llevar a cabo por parte de artistas individuales y colectivos pequeños. Siendo la organizaciones grandes las que pueden mantener esos procesos de producción con más capacidad. En esta investigación: se explicó la razón de la formación de clubes de cómics. Los procesos de producción de cómics se describieron determinando las competencias y falencias de artistas y colectivos. La relación entre clubes y artistas con instituciones es la base para que se desarrollen proyectos difusión de cómic al igual que la producción de este arte.

Rome 1960: making sporting history

The Rome Olympics of August-September 1960.

Exposure to fine particulate matter in ten night clubs in Athens Greece: studying the effect of ventilation, cigarette smoking and resuspension

The aim of the present work is to study the occupants' exposure to fine particulate concentrations in ten nightclubs (NCs) in Athens, Greece. Measurements of PM1 and PM 2.5 were made in the outdoor and indoor environment of each NC. The average indoorPM1 andPM 2.5 concentrations were found to be 181.77 μgm−3 and 454.08 μg m−3 respectively, while the corresponding outdoor values were 11.04 μg m−3 and 32.19 μg m−3. Ventilation and resuspension rates were estimated through consecutive numerical experiments with an indoor air quality model and were found to be remarkably lower than the minimum values recommended by national standards. The relative effects of the ventilation and smoking on the occupants' exposures were examined using multiple regression techniques. Itwas found that given the low ventilation rates, the effect of smoking as well as the occupancy is of the highest importance. Numerical evaluations showed that if the ventilation rates were at the minimum values set by national standards, then the indoor exposures would be reduced at the 70% of the present exposure values.

The sources of stress experienced by professional Australian footballers

Previous studies looking at the sources of stress in sport have generally overlooked the unique experiences of professional athletes participating in team sports. This paper describes the results of a qualitative study aimed at identifying the sources of stress experienced by a cross-section of professional Australian footballers. Players from two Australian Football League clubs took part in the study involving in-depth, one-to-one interviews and focus group discussions. The results revealed that players identified sources of stress that went beyond those associated with the competitive event (such as poor performances) and included a lack of feedback, difficulty balancing football and study commitments, and job insecurity. The influence of both competition and non-competition sources of stress parallels previous research involving non-professional athletes and indicates that the entire sporting experience needs to be taken into account when developing stress management strategies.

Key success factors in bidding for hallmark sporting events

Hallmark sporting events often are commercially driven entertainment entities which represent an economically important part of the overall sport industry. Because of the high popularity of international sporting contests, hallmark sporting events attract significant commercial, media, and consumer attention. Cities around the world are beginning to understand the potential of using these events to draw attention to the host city, which is why the market for hallmark sporting events is becoming increasingly competitive. In order to award the hosting of the event to the most suitable organizer, event owners often require potential hosts to bid. The most important elements in this process have been largely based on logical assumptions rather than empirical data. This study focused on the bid process in order to ascertain the important elements essential in achieving a successful bid.

The internet and competitive advantage : a study of Australia`s four premier professional sporting leagues

Sport and the Internet have shown early signs of a prosperous marriage. Web sites with sport content are among the most popular and well trafficked, with sport followers and web users sharing remarkably similar demographics. In the United States, the sport–Internet union is projected to generate US$6.27 billion in advertising revenue alone on sports-related web sites by 2005. Despite these compelling observations, limited empirical research has been undertaken exploring how to maximise the opportunities for competitive advantage that the Internet can provide to sport organisations. This research was a response to this void, and was undertaken in three stages. Initially, empirical and conceptual Internet literature was reviewed to establish theoretical “best practice”. Secondly, the Internet goals, strategies and practices of the 55 teams competing in the Australian Football League (AFL), National Basketball League (NBL), National Rugby League (NRL), and National Soccer League (NSL) were examined, using a telephone-administered survey. An 87% (N = 48) response rate was achieved. Finally, seven recommendations for closing this gap were made, including the implementation of Internet project teams and the instigation of league forums.

A study of organizational effectiveness for national olympic sporting organizations

This study applies the competing values approach (CVA) of organizational effectiveness to a sample of nonprofit Australian national Olympic sporting organizations (NOSOs). The purpose of the study was to determine the psychometric properties of the subscales developed within each of the four quadrants composing the CVA. Two hundred eightynine constituents from 10 NOSOs participated in this study. Initial factor analysis resulted in six of the eight theoretically derived cells in the CVAeach yielding one reliable factor. These were Flexibility, Resources, Planning, Productivity, Availability of Information, and Stability. The other two cells, Skilled Workforce and Cohesive Workforce, each produced a two-factor structure. To understand the relationship between these manifest factors (cells) and organizational effectiveness, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, which revealed that the rational-goal model, comprising Productivity and Planning, was the critical determinant of effectiveness in NOSOs.

The position of Australian community sporting organisations in the third sector: membership profiles, characteristics and attitudes

Australian community sporting organisations have been relatively underresearched within the wider study of voluntary associations, yet their membership base is large and constitutes a sizable proportion of the population. This paper analyses data from the Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA) 2003 (Gibson et al. 2004), initially to describe characteristics ofmembers ofcommunity sporting organisations in Australia (n=948). It goes on to compare attitudinal dimensions between members of sporting and other major third-sector organisations. On the basis of these comparisons three groupings of associations are suggested: social change, individual/social progress and individual/social maintenance. Sporting organisations form part of the latter category, and the paper briefly discusses the likely nature of social capital production associated with each.