Subjective evaluation of experimental dyspnoea: effects of isocapnia and repeated exposure

Resistive respiratory loading is an established stimulus for the induction of experimental dyspnoea. In comparison to unloaded breathing, resistive loaded breathing alters end-tidal CO2 (PETCO2), which has independent physiological effects (e.g. upon cerebral blood flow). We investigated the subjective effects of resistive loaded breathing with stabilized PETCO2 (isocapnia) during manual control of inspired gases on varying baseline levels of mild hypercapnia increased PETCO2). Furthermore, to investigate whether perceptual habituation to dyspnoea stimuli occurs, the study was repeated over four experimental sessions. Isocapnic hypercapnia did not affect dyspnoea unpleasantness during resistive loading. A post hoc analysis revealed a small increase of respiratory unpleasantness during unloaded breathing at +0.6 kPa, the level that reliably induced isocapnia. We didnot observe perceptual habituation over the four sessions. We conclude that isocapnic respiratory loading allows stable induction of respiratory unpleasantness, making it a good stimulus for multi-session studies of dyspnoea.

Classificação de distúrbios na rede elétrica usando redes neurais e wavelets

Post dispatch analysis of signals obtained from digital disturbances registers provide important information to identify and classify disturbances in systems, looking for a more efficient management of the supply. In order to enhance the task of identifying and classifying the disturbances - providing an automatic assessment - techniques of digital signal processing can be helpful. The Wavelet Transform has become a very efficient tool for the analysis of voltage or current signals, obtained immediately after disturbance s occurrences in the network. This work presents a methodology based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform to implement this process. It uses a comparison between distribution curves of signals energy, with and without disturbance. This is done for different resolution levels of its decomposition in order to obtain descriptors that permit its classification, using artificial neural networks

Does bench model fidelity interfere in the acquisition of suture skills by novice medical students?

OBJETIVO: Embora vários modelos de bancada inanimados tenham sido descritos para o treinamento de habilidades de sutura, até o momento, não existe um método ideal para esse ensino e aprendizagem durante a formação médica. O objetivo foi avaliar se a fidelidade dos modelos de bancada interfere na aquisição de habilidades de sutura em estudantes de medicina iniciantes na prática cirúrgica. MÉTODOS: 36 estudantes de medicina sem exposição prévia a habilidades cirúrgicas foram randomizados em três grupos (n = 12): treinamento de suturas baseado em materiais didáticos (controle); treinamento de suturas em modelo de baixa-fidelidade (modelo de bancada de etileno vinil acetato); ou treinamento de suturas em modelo de alta-fidelidade (modelo de bancada de pele de pata de porco). Foram aplicados pré e pós-testes (realização de pontos simples e pontos subdérmicos invertidos em língua de boi). Três ferramentas (Global Rating Scale com avaliação cega, tamanho do efeito e autopercepção da confiança baseada em uma escala de Likert) foram utilizadas para mensurar todas as performances de sutura. RESULTADOS: A análise após o treinamento demonstrou que os estudantes que treinaram nos modelos tiveram um melhor (p < 0.0000) desempenho na avaliação pela Global Rating Scale, quando comparados com o controle, independente da fidelidade do modelo. A magnitude do efeito (treinamento) foi considerada grande (> 0.80) em todas as mensurações. Após o treinamento os alunos sentiram-se mais confiantes (p < 0.0000) para executarem os dois tipos de suturas. CONCLUSÃO: A aquisição de habilidades de suturas no modelo de baixa fidelidade foi semelhante à prática no modelo de alta fidelidade, sendo que a melhora no desempenho dos participantes que treinaram nesses dois modelos foi superior à aprendizagem baseada em materiais didáticos.

Structural abnormalities of the thalamus in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Evaluation of the Bond Strength of Denture Base Resins to Acrylic Resin Teeth: Effect of Thermocycling

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparison between embossed digital imaging and unprocessed film-based radiography in detecting periodontal bone defects: an in vitro study

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A atuação profissional dos egressos como importante dimensão no processo de avaliação de programas de pós-graduação

A análise do quadro geral da inserção profissional dos egressos é uma forma inequívoca para avaliação de Programas de Pós-Graduação no que tange à qualidade de sua formação e preparo de profissionais gabaritados para o mercado de trabalho. Este artigo relata a experiência pioneira do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia- UNESP/ Rio Claro (SP) na construção de instrumentos de avaliação a partir da procedência, formação acadêmica e destino profissional dos egressos, nos níveis de Mestrado e Doutorado, no período de 1980-2008. Os resultados foram resumidos em gráficos e mapas e são elementos importantes para mostrar o desenvolvimento e a disseminação da ciência geográfica no Brasil e no exterior. A metodologia utilizada revelou-se extremamente eficaz, podendo ser utilizada por qualquer Programa, com as devidas adaptações, para avaliar tanto sua realidade quando sua extensão.

Clinical evaluation of an ointment with 10% metronidazole and 2% lidocaine in the treatment of alveolitis.

AIM: In this study, the authors evaluate the use of a 10% metronidazole and 2% lidocaine ointment, using a lanolin base and mint as flavoring, to treat alveolitis in humans. METHODS: Twenty-five patients, with a diagnosis of alveolitis, were treated in the following way: locoregional anesthesia; surgical cleaning of the socket with alveolar curettes; saline solution irrigation with a 20 ml disposable syringe; and complete filling of the socket with the ointment. RESULTS: The analysis of the results showed that the painful symptoms were severe before and on the day of the treatment in 17 (68%) of the 25 patients treated. Post-treatment analysis presented 2 patients (18%) with severe painful symptoms after 24 h of the treatment and complete remission of painful symptoms after 48 h of the treatment with the ointment. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that the 10% metronidazole and 2% lidocaine ointment, with mint flavoring and lanolin as a base, can be used to treat alveolitis.

Antimicrobial endodontic compounds do not modulate alkylation-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in vitro

Objective: To investigate if formocresol, paramonochlorophenol, or calcium hydroxide modulate the genotoxic effects induced by the oxidatively damaging agent hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) or the alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in vitro by using single cell gel (comet) assay. Study design: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in culture were exposed directly to formocresol, paramonochlorophenol, or calcium hydroxide (adjusted to 100 μg/mL) for 1 hour at 37°C. Subsequently the cultures were incubated with increasing concentrations (0-10 μmol/L) of MMS in phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) for 15 minutes at 37°C or of H 2O 2 at increasing concentrations (0-100 μmol/L) in distilled water for 5 minutes on ice. The negative control cells were treated with PBS for 1 hour at 37°C. The parameter from the comet assay (tail moment) was assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test followed by a post hoc analysis (Dunn test). Results: Clear concentration-related effects were observed for the genotoxin-exposed CHO cells. Increase of MMS-induced DNA damage was not significantly altered by the presence of the compounds tested. Similarly, no significant changes were observed when hydrogen peroxide was used with the endodontic compounds evaluated. Conclusion: Formocresol, paramonochlorophenol, and calcium hydroxide are not able to modulate alkylation-induced genotoxicity or oxidative DNA damage as depicted by the single cell gel (comet) assay. © 2006 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Helmintos parasitos de mocós (Kerodon rupestris Rodentia: Caviidae) de vida livre e de cativeiro, no semi-árido nordestino Brasileiro

This study shows the helminthic fauna of 16 rock cavies (Kerodon rupestris) from the semi-arid region in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Nine animals were captured from the wild and seven from a captive population located at the Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres, city of Mossoró, were examined in this study. The animals were slaughtered, and post mortem analysis of the digestive tract, trachea, heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, and kidneys were done in search for the presence of parasites. Five species of nematode (Paraspidodera uncinata, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichuris gracilis, Trichuris muris, and Vianella lenti) and one species of cestode (Thysanotaenia congolensis) were identified.

Effect of immersion cleansers on the bond strength between a denture base resin and acrylic resin teeth

The aim of the present study was to assess the shear bond strength between a heat-polymerized denture base resin and acrylic resin teeth after immersion in different denture cleansers by simulating a 180-day use. Two acrylic teeth (Biotone, Biotone IPN, Dentsply Ind. e Com., Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil) were chosen for bonding to a heat-polymerized denture base resin (Lucitone 550- Dentsply Ind. e Com., Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil). Eighty specimens were produced and divided into eight groups (n=10) according to their experimental condition (distilled water, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, 1% sodium hypochlorite and Corega Tabs). Shear bond strength tests (MPa) were performed with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keuls' multiple comparisons post hoc analysis (α=.05). The shear bond strength results revealed statistically significant differences between the groups. For the Biotone IPN tooth, significantly lower shear bond strength values were found for the group immersed in sodium-perborate solution (4.48±2.18 MPa) than for the group immersed in distilled water (control group) (10.83±1.84 MPa). For Biotone, significantly higher bond strength values (10.04±3.28 MPa) were found for the group immersed in Corega Tabs than for the control group (5.45±2.93 MPa). The immersion in denture cleanser solutions was more detrimental to the conventional acrylic denture tooth (Biotone) than to the highly cross-linked denture tooth (Biotone IPN). However, this effect was not observed for the groups immersed in Corega Tabs solution, regardless of the type of denture tooth. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

Recovery of pulmonary structure and exercise capacity by treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a mouse model of emphysema

Emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized abnormal dilatation of alveolar spaces, which impairs alveolar gas exchange, compromising the physical capacity of a patient due to airflow limitations. Here we tested the effects of G-CSF administration in pulmonary tissue and exercise capacity in emphysematous mice. C57Bl/6 female mice were treated with elastase intratracheally to induce emphysema. Their exercise capacities were evaluated in a treadmill. Lung histological sections were prepared to evaluate mean linear intercept measurement. Emphysematous mice were treated with G-CSF (3 cycles of 200 μg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days, with 7-day intervals) or saline and submitted to a third evaluation 8 weeks after treatment. Values of run distance and linear intercept measurement were expressed as mean ± SD and compared applying a paired t-test. Effects of treatment on these parameters were analyzed applying a Repeated Measures ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc analysis. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Twenty eight days later, animals ran significantly less in a treadmill compared to normal mice (549.7 ± 181.2 m and 821.7 ± 131.3 m, respectively; p < 0.01). Treatment with G-CSF significantly increased the exercise capacity of emphysematous mice (719.6 ± 200.5 m), whereas saline treatment had no effect on distance run (595.8 ± 178.5 m). The PCR cytokines genes analysis did not detect difference between experimental groups. Morphometric analyses in the lung showed that saline-treated mice had a mean linear intercept significantly higher (p < 0.01) when compared to mice treated with G-CSF, which did not significantly differ from that of normal mice. Treatment with G-CSF promoted the recovery of exercise capacity and regeneration of alveolar structural alterations in emphysematous mice. © 2013.

Associação entre atividade física e fatores de risco cardiovascular tradicionais e não tradicionais em pacientes em tratamento por hemodiálise

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Comparação entre diferentes taxas de sêmen na viabilidade espermática em garanhões de alta e baixa congelabilidade

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Avaliação da resistência de união entre dentes artificiais e resinas acrílicas para base protética. Efeito de termociclagem

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)