Simulation of offshore wind system with two levels converters: HVDC power transmission

A new integrated mathematical model for the simulation of offshore wind energy conversion system performance is presented in this paper. The mathematical model considers an offshore variable-speed turbine in deep water equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator using full-power two-level converter, converting the energy of a variable frequency source in injected energy into the electric network with constant frequency, through a high voltage DC transmission submarine cable. The mathematical model for the drive train is a concentrate two mass model which incorporates the dynamic for the structure and tower due to the need to emulate the effects of the moving surface. Controller strategy considered is a proportional integral one. Also, pulse width modulation using space vector modulation supplemented with sliding mode is used for trigger the transistor of the converter. Finally, a case study is presented to access the system performance. © 2014 IEEE.

Simulation of rectifier voltage malfunction on OWECS, four-level converter, HVDC light link: Smart grid context tool

This paper presents a model for the simulation of an offshore wind system having a rectifier input voltage malfunction at one phase. The offshore wind system model comprises a variable-speed wind turbine supported on a floating platform, equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator using full-power four-level neutral point clamped converter. The link from the offshore floating platform to the onshore electrical grid is done through a light high voltage direct current submarine cable. The drive train is modeled by a three-mass model. Considerations about the smart grid context are offered for the use of the model in such a context. The rectifier voltage malfunction domino effect is presented as a case study to show capabilities of the model. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Simulation of offshore wind system with three-level converters: HVDC power transmission in cloud scope

This paper is on a simulation for offshore wind systems in deep water under cloud scope. The system is equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a full-power three-level converter, converting the electric energy at variable frequency in one at constant frequency. The control strategies for the three-level are based on proportional integral controllers. The electric energy is injected through a HVDC transmission submarine cable into the grid. The drive train is modeled by a three-mass model taking into account the resistant stiffness torque, structure and tower in the deep water due to the moving surface elevation. Conclusions are taken on the influence of the moving surface on the energy conversion. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2015.

Simulation of OWES with five-Level converter linked to the grid: Harmonic assessment

This paper deals with a computing simulation for an offshore wind energy system taking into account the influence of the marine waves action throughout the floating platform. The wind energy system has a variable-speed turbine equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a full-power five level converter, injecting energy into the electric grid through a high voltage alternate current link. A reduction on the unbalance of the voltage in the DC-link capacitors of the five-level converter is proposed by a strategic selection of the output voltage vectors. The model for the drive train of the wind energy system is a two mass model, including the dynamics of the floating platform. A case study is presented and the assessment of the quality of the energy injected into the electric grid is discussed.

Simulation of a rectifier malfunction on a offshore wind system with HVDC transmission

A new integrated mathematical model for the simulation of an offshore wind system having a rectifier input voltage malfunction at one phase is presented in this paper. The mathematical model considers an offshore variable-speed wind turbine on a floating platform, equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator using full-power three-level converter to inject energy into the electric network, through a high voltage direct current transmission submarine cable. The model for the drive train is a discrete three mass, incorporating the dynamic of the moving surface. A case study is presented to access conclusion about the malfunction.

Desenvolvimento de um Controlador com DSP para um Motor CA de 30 kW para o CEPIUM

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Eletrónica Industrial e Computadores

Kestomagneettitahtikonekäytön soveltaminen paperiteollisuuden linjakäytöissä

Tässä työssä tutkitaan kestomagneettitahtimoottorin soveltuvuutta paperiteollisuuden linjakäyttöihin. Aluksi perehdytään taajuusohjatun kestomagneettitahtimoottorin häviöiden syntymiseen ja niiden jakautumiseen. Työssä esitellään kestomagneettitahtimoottorin koon valintaan vaikuttavia tekijöitä ja vertaillaan oikosulkumoottorin ja kestomagneettitahtimoottorin mitoituksen eroja. Lisäksi tarkasteltiin linjakäytön vaihtosuuntaajan ja syöttöryhmän mitoitusta, kun kestomagneettitahtimoottoria käytetään paperiteollisuuden linjakäytössä. Kestomagneettitahtimoottorin virran riippuvuutta kuormituksesta laskettiin ja mitattiin yhden kestomagneettitahtimoottorin virta eri kuormituksilla. Näin voitiin suorittaa vertailu laskennan ja todellisuuden välillä. Mittaus osoitti laskentatavan tarkkuuden. Selvityksessä löydettiin riittävän tarkka laskentatapa, jonka avulla voidaan määrittää linjakäytön invertterin koko.

Sähköisen liikkeenohjauskäytön mitoitus, käyttöönoton dokumentointi ja pakkauslinjasovellukset

Frequency converters have started to gain new market areas in the field of motion control applications. The communication and control properties of frequency converters have reached the properties of traditional servo amplifiers during the past few years. In this thesis a motion control system was examined. This particular system consists of frequency converters, permanent magnet synchronous motors and linear belt drives. The properties and prerequisites for packing are discussed. A test setup was build and measurement sets were done to examine the performance of the system. Speed and accuracy measurements were done in all three dimensions. Based on the measurement results applicability of the system for packing industry was evaluated.

Electric energy recovery system for a hydraulic forklift

This thesis studies the possibilities to recover energy in a hydraulic forklift system. Controlling of the system is done directly with an electric servo motor drive and a hydraulic pump. A real system was built and tested and simulations of the system were made with Matlab. Results of the system and simulations were analysed and compared and according to them, energy can be recovered efficiently from the hydraulic forklift system. Also new ideas and directions of further research were obtained with the help of this research.

Hybrid du/dt-filter in frequency converter applications

The aim of the thesis is to investigate the hybrid LC filter behavior in modern power drives; to analyze the influence of such a du/dt filter on the control system stability. With the implementation of the inverter output RLC filter the motor control becomes more complicated. And during the design process the influence of the filter on the motor should be considered and the filter RLC parameters should be constrained.

Electric propulsion system in a modern sports car

In this thesis an electric propulsion system is designed on a device level using Cadence ORCAD. The vehicle belongs to the Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sci-ences and it is to compete in the Automotive X-Prize competition held in the USA. In this thesis the electric propulsion system and related electric safety measures are designed. Also electro-magnetic compatibility and interferences present in the system are examined by examining the birth mechanisms and transmission paths of interference. Per device effects of interference and solutions to minimize them were examined and proposed. Suitability of permanent magnet synchronous machines for passenger vehicle use was examined by examining the torque production capability of the motor and the torque requirements of the vehicle. Also a short overview of history of electric vehicles is given.

Design of marine generators for alternative diesel-electric power systems

This study compares different electric propulsion systems. Results of the analysis of all the advantages and disadvantages of the different propulsion systems are given. This thesis estimates possibilities to apply different diesel-electric propulsion concepts for different vessel types. Small and medium size vessel’s power ranges are studied. The optimal delivery system is chosen. This choice is made on the base of detailed study of the concepts, electrical equipment market and comparison of mass, volume and efficiency parameters. In this thesis three marine generators are designed. They are: salient pole synchronous generator and two permanent magnet synchronous generators. Their electrical, dimensional, cost and efficiency parameters are compared. To understand all the benefits diagrams with these parameters are prepared. Possible benefits and money savings are estimated. As the result the advantages, disadvantages and boundary conditions for the permanent magnet synchronous generator application in marine electric-power systems are found out.

Kestomagneettitahtigeneraattorin kannattavuustarkastelu vesivoimalaitoksen saneerauksen yhteydessä

Työssä vertaillaan kestomagneettitahtigeneraattorin kannattavuutta suhteessa perinteiseen erillismagnetoituun tahtigeneraattoriin. Sähkön markkinahinnan nousu tulevaisuudessa, pakottaa etsimään uusia ratkaisuja jo olemassa olevien vesivoimalaitosten hyötysuhteen parantamiseksi. Hyötysuhteeseen vaikuttavat laitoksen mekaaniset ja sähköiset häviöt. Työn kohteena olevan vesivoimalaitoksen saneeraus on ajankohtainen lähivuosina, ja samalla avautuu mahdollisuus vaihtaa myös vanha erillismagnetoitu tahtigeneraattori uudempaan kestomagneeteilla toteutettuun. Työssä tarkastellaan kalliimman investoinnin kannattavuutta suhteessa kasvavaan energian tuotantoon. Tarkastelujaksolla lisääntyneen vuosituotannon osuuden rahallista arvoa verrataan investointihetken kustannuksiin. Työn edetessä havaittiin, että virtaamamäärän lisäyksellä on vahva rooli kannattavuutta laskettaessa. Pienillä virtaamilla ei saavuteta riittävää tuottoa ilman mekaanisen hyötysuhteen parantamista. Pelkästään generaattorityypin vaihto ei tällä hetkellä kannata, kun nykyisellä generaattorilla on käyttöaikaa jäljellä kymmeniä vuosia. Tilanne voi muuttua kannattavaksi esimerkiksi äkillisen generaattorivaurion myötä.

Kestomagneettitahtikonekäyttöjen erot

Permanent magnet drives with nominal power over 10 kW were not a cost-sufficient system 25 years ago due to high material expenses. The improvements in motor drives, the rise in competition and the tightening of standards and regulations have caused that the PM-drives are more and more common in the over 10 kW nominal power range. The goal of this thesis is to research the performance in relation to nominal power of a PM-drive technique that is vastly increasing its popularity in fan related devices. The studied motor technique brushless direct current drive (BLDC) consists of a voltage source inverter, permanent motor and six-step-control. The reference drive is a brushless alternating current drive (BLAC) which consists of a VSI, PM and a hysteresis control. As a conclusion there are no major obstacles that would impede the BLDC-drive technique from expanding to larger power stages. The following factors must be taken into consideration when designing a BLDC-drive: motor’s current change rate, inverter switching frequency, motor’s nominal electric frequency, phase inductance and the current handling capability of the inverter. The fluctuating material costs create instability to the end prices of PM-motors that can in the worst case lead to diminished interest towards BLDC- and PM-drives in general.

Modal testing and numerical modeling of the dynamic properties of layered sheet-steel structure

Recently, due to the increasing total construction and transportation cost and difficulties associated with handling massive structural components or assemblies, there has been increasing financial pressure to reduce structural weight. Furthermore, advances in material technology coupled with continuing advances in design tools and techniques have encouraged engineers to vary and combine materials, offering new opportunities to reduce the weight of mechanical structures. These new lower mass systems, however, are more susceptible to inherent imbalances, a weakness that can result in higher shock and harmonic resonances which leads to poor structural dynamic performances. The objective of this thesis is the modeling of layered sheet steel elements, to accurately predict dynamic performance. During the development of the layered sheet steel model, the numerical modeling approach, the Finite Element Analysis and the Experimental Modal Analysis are applied in building a modal model of the layered sheet steel elements. Furthermore, in view of getting a better understanding of the dynamic behavior of layered sheet steel, several binding methods have been studied to understand and demonstrate how a binding method affects the dynamic behavior of layered sheet steel elements when compared to single homogeneous steel plate. Based on the developed layered sheet steel model, the dynamic behavior of a lightweight wheel structure to be used as the structure for the stator of an outer rotor Direct-Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator designed for high-power wind turbines is studied.