962 resultados para oral Candida species
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After decades of intensive searching for antimicrobial compounds derived from actinobacteria, the frequency of isolation of new molecules has decreased. To cope with this concern, studies have focused on the exploitation of actinobacteria from unexplored environments and actinobacteria symbionts of plants and animals. In this study, twenty-four actinobacteria strains isolated from workers of Trachymyrmex ants were evaluated for antifungal activity towards a variety of Candida species. Results revealed that seven strains inhibited the tested Candida species. Streptomyces sp. TD025 presented potent and broad spectrum of inhibition of Candida and was selected for the isolation of bioactive molecules. From liquid shake culture of this bacterium, we isolated the rare antimycin urauchimycins A and B. For the first time, these molecules were evaluated for antifungal activity against medically important Candida species. Both antimycins showed antifungal activity, especially urauchimycin B. This compound inhibited the growth of all Candida species tested, with minimum inhibitory concentration values equivalent to the antifungal nystatin. Our results concur with the predictions that the attine ant-microbe symbiosis may be a source of bioactive metabolites for biotechnology and medical applications. © 2013 Thais D. Mendes et al.
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Biofilm formation is one of the most important attributes for virulence in Candida species and contributes to increased resistance to antifungal drugs and host immune mechanisms. These features have led to the development of several methodologies to reproduce a sessile community in vitro that can be used to study the development of a biofilm, its interaction with other microorganisms and the environment, and its susceptibility to available antifungal agents and also to search for new therapy strategies. The purpose of this review is to describe the most commonly used methods to study Candida biofilms in vitro, to discuss the benefits and limitations of the different methods to induce biofilm formation, and to analyse the architecture, viability and growth kinetics of Candida biofilms. © 2013 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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In addition to the bio-guided investigation of the antifungal activity of Plinia cauliflora leaves against different Candida species, the major aim of the present study was the search for targets on the fungal cell. The most active antifungal fraction was purified by chromatography and characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. The antifungal activity was evaluated against five Candida strains according to referenced guidelines. Cytotoxicity against fibroblast cells was determined. The likely targets of Candida albicans cells were assessed through interactions with ergosterol and cell wall composition, porosity and architecture. The chemical major component within the most active antifungal fraction of P. cauliflora leaves identified was the hydrolysable tannin casuarinin. The cytotoxic concentration was higher than the antifungal one. The first indication of plant target on cellular integrity was suggested by the antifungal activity ameliorated when using an osmotic support. The most important target for the tannin fraction studied was suggested by ultrastructural analysis of yeast cell walls revealing a denser mannan outer layer and wall porosity reduced. It is possible to imply that P. cauliflora targeted the C. albicans cell wall inducing some changes in the architecture, notably the outer glycoprotein layer, affecting the cell wall porosity without alteration of the polysaccharide or protein level. © 2013 by the authors.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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A candidíase é uma doença fúngica oportunista causada pela proliferação de espécies de Candida, principalmente a Candida albicans, sendo a espécie mais patogênica em humanos. Muitos antifúngicos existentes no mercado apresentam efeitos colaterais indesejáveis ou podem induzir a resistência fúngica, principalmente em indivíduos imunodeprimidos. Em odontologia, as pesquisas com produtos naturais têm aumentado nos últimos anos, devido à busca por novos produtos com maior atividade farmacológica, com menor toxicidade e mais acessíveis à população. Dentro dessa perspectiva, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar in vitro a atividade antifúngica de óleos e extratos vegetais presentes na região Amazônica e determinar a concentração inibitória mínima das espécies que apresentaram atividade antifúngica frente à cepa padrão de Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). A atividade antifúngica dos óleos essenciais Copaifera multijuga, Carapa guianenses, Piper aduncum e Piper hispidinervum foi realizada pelo método de difusão em meio sólido utilizando cavidades em placa “in natura” e em diluições de 32 a 2% para determinação da concentração inibitória mínima. Os extratos Annona glabra, Azadiractha indica, Bryophyllum calycinum, Eleutherine plicata, Mammea americana, Psidium guajava e Syzygium aromaticum foram testados nas concentrações de 500mg/mL, 250mg/mL, 125mg/mL e 62,5 mg/mL e a atividade antifúngica foi realizada pelo método de difusão em meio sólido utilizando discos de papel filtro. Os óleos testados, não apresentaram efeito antifúngico sobre a cepa de Candida albicans, e dos extratos testados somente os extratos de Eleutherine plicata, Psidium guajava e Syzygium aromaticum apresentaram atividade antifúngica com concentração inibitória mínima, respectivamente, de 250mg/mL, 125mg/mL e 62,5mg/mL Diante dos resultados apresentados, os extratos de Eleutherine plicata, Psidium guajava e Syzygium aromaticum apresentam potencial efeito inibitório para crescimento de Candida albicans, servindo de guia para a seleção de plantas com atividades antifúngicas para futuros trabalhos toxicológico e farmacológico.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)