EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS ON GROWTH, CHLOROPHYLL A FLUORESCENCE AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF TWO GRAFTED SCIONS OF TOMATO

Two tomato scions (cvs. 'Raf' and 'Gorety') were grafted on three different rootstocks: S. torvum, 'Beaufort' (Lycopersicum esculentum × Lycopersicum hirsutum) and intermediate grafting of eggplant 'Cristal' between tomato and S. torvum (double graft). Plants were grown in Mediterranean greenhouse conditions. The response to grafting was measured through growth parameters, Fv/Fm and leaf macronutrients analysis, and it was compared with non-grafted plants. The scions grafted on S. torvum in simple and double graft showed lower fresh and dry weight of leaves, number of commercial fruits, plant height, Fv/Fm and decreased their capacity to absorb several nutrients resulting in a lower mineral concentration in scions leaves, as a result of a thickened graft union. On the other hand, both scions showed a good response when grafted on the rootstock 'Beaufort', with which growth parameters, yield and photosynthetic capacity were similar to non-grafted plants. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

The role of multiple partners in a digestive mutualism with a protocarnivorous plant

Background and aimsThe protocarnivorous plant Paepalanthus bromelioides (Eriocaulaceae) is similar to bromeliads in that this plant has a rosette-like structure that allows rainwater to accumulate in leaf axils (i.e. phytotelmata). Although the rosettes of P. bromelioides are commonly inhabited by predators (e.g. spiders), their roots are wrapped by a cylindrical termite mound that grows beneath the rosette. In this study it is predicted that these plants can derive nutrients from recycling processes carried out by termites and from predation events that take place inside the rosette. It is also predicted that bacteria living in phytotelmata can accelerate nutrient cycling derived from predators.MethodsThe predictions were tested by surveying plants and animals, and also by performing field experiments in rocky fields from Serra do Cipó, Brazil, using natural abundance and enriched isotopes of 15N. Laboratory bioassays were also conducted to test proteolytic activities of bacteria from P. bromelioides rosettes.Key ResultsAnalyses of 15N in natural nitrogen abundances showed that the isotopic signature of P. bromelioides is similar to that of carnivorous plants and higher than that of non-carnivorous plants in the study area. Linear mixing models showed that predatory activities on the rosettes (i.e. spider faeces and prey carcass) resulted in overall nitrogen contributions of 26·5 % (a top-down flux). Although nitrogen flux was not detected from termites to plants via decomposition of labelled cardboard, the data on 15N in natural nitrogen abundance indicated that 67 % of nitrogen from P. bromelioides is derived from termites (a bottom-up flux). Bacteria did not affect nutrient cycling or nitrogen uptake from prey carcasses and spider faeces.ConclusionsThe results suggest that P. bromelioides derive nitrogen from associated predators and termites, despite differences in nitrogen cycling velocities, which seem to have been higher in nitrogen derived from predators (leaves) than from termites (roots). This is the first study that demonstrates partitioning effects from multiple partners in a digestion-based mutualism. Despite most of the nitrogen being absorbed through their roots (via termites), P. bromelioides has all the attributes necessary to be considered as a carnivorous plant in the context of digestive mutualism. © 2012 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved.

Reação de cultivares de cana-de-açúcar à broca do colmo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reaction of ten sugarcane cultivars to Diatraea saccharalis under field conditions, using a randomized block design with treatments in factorial 2x10 with six replications. The first factor was represented by two levels of infestation (infested and not infested) by borer and the second one, by the ten sugarcane varieties (IAC87-3396, IAC91-1099, IACSP93-3046, IACSP94-2101, IACSP94-2094, IACSP94-4004, IACSP95-5000, IACSP96-3060, IACSP96-2042 and SP91-1115). The experiment was evaluated in two crop cycles: plant crop and first ratoon. All cultivars were attacked by the borer, being IACSP94-4004, IACSP96-2042 and SP91-1115 the most damaged cultivars with the highest infestation index. During the plant crop, plots infested by the borer presented higher fiber content than the ones not infested. During the first ratoon, non infested plants produced 10% less and presented lower purity and higher content of reducing sugars than the non-infested plants.

Assistência de ar e aplicação em volume baixo no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydon & Sydon

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desempenho ecofisiológico de Styrax ferrugineus, S. camporum E. S. pohlii (Styraceae), submetidos à deficiência híbrida em sistema semi controlado

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Eficácia da soja geneticamente modificada MON 87701 × MON 89788 com a expressão da proteína Cry1Ac no controle de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) e Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diagnóstico da logística de caqui 'rama forte' e 'fuyu', boas práticas agrícolas e análise dos perigos e pontos críticos de controle

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Acúmulo de nutrientes e desempenho agronômico do pimenteiro (Capsicum Annum L.) em função dos métodos de enxertia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ação conjunta de citocinina, giberelina e auxina em pimenteiro (Capsicum annuum L.) enxertado e não enxertado sob cultivo protegido

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aplicação de bioestimulante vegetal sobre o desenvolvimento de pepineiro (Cucumis sativus) enxertado e não enxertado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos fisiológicos de fungicidas no desenvolvimento de plantas de pepino japonês enxertadas e não enxertadas, cultivadas em ambiente protegido

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Identificação e controle de sistemas dinâmicos utilizando redes wavelets

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito de isolados de Fusarium oxysporum não patogênicos na redução da severidade da Murcha-de-Fusário do tomateiro

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Produção e nutrição de pepino-enxertado e não enxertado em ambiente com nematoides-das-galhas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aspectos fisiologicos e bioqímicos da enxertia em plantas de pepino

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)