Plantas utilizadas no tratamento de malária e males associados por comunidades tradicionais de Xapuri, AC e Pauini, AM

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Uso e conservação de plantas medicinais nativas por comunidades quilombolas no município de Alcântara, Maranhão

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Plantas ornamentais em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco, Brasil

Ornamental plants are important in the culture and welfare of city dwellers in the Amazon. This study aimed to perform a characterization of species of ornamental use in urban backyards of Rio Branco and relation with social aspects of the respondents. Semi-structured interviews featuring ornamental species along with analysis of social aspects of urban respondents of the 132 backyards in Rio Branco, Acre, Amazon between 2009 and 2011. Selected for this study were neighborhoods Aeroporto Velho, Placas and Novo Horizonte, located on the periphery of the municipality. Were detected 140 ornamental species belonging to 49 different botanical families, especially Euphorbiaceae (7%), Arecaceae (6.4%) and Araceae (5%). Ornamental species recorded, 57.5% are exotic, 16% have medicinal use and 44% herbaceous. Regression analysis of data across the diversity of species, area and social parameters of the respondents was not significant. The cultivation of ornamental plants in urban backyards Rio Branco assists in the ambience of the residence, landscape improvement, generates welfare for residents at leisure space beyond the conservation of genetic resources.

Historiografia de espécies da família urticaceae coletadas no Brasil e depositadas nos herbários de Kew, New York e Paris

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Plantas utilizadas para tratamento da malária e males associados em comunidades indígenas no rio Uapés em São Gabriel da Cachoeira - AM

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Conhecimento e formas de utilização de plantas medicinais em duas comunidades rurais: agricultores familiares de Santa Albertina (SP) e assentados de Ilha Solteira (SP)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Distribución social de los conocimientos de medicina tradicional en los Andes: Estudios de caso de Perú y Bolivia

Los factores socio-económicos que influyen sobre los conocimientos de plantas medicinales de la población (personas no especialistas que se auto medican con plantas medicinales) han sido poco estudiado en la investigación etnobotánica. En este marco, el objetivo del trabajo de investigación fue analizar la distribución social del conocimiento sobre plantas medicinales en comunidades rurales de los Andes peruanos y bolivianos. Se realizaron entrevistas detalladas y ejercicios de listados libres en idioma Quechua con la ayuda de un intérprete local con 18 familias de un distrito rural de los Andes peruanos y 18 familias de una subcentral rural de los Andes bolivianos. Se recolectaron muestras botánicas de las plantas junto con los informantes en las dos áreas de estudios de caso. Un análisis cuantitativo de clasificación mostró que, en los dos estudios de caso, los vínculos de parentesco y la historia personal influye sobre las especies de plantas conocidas y usadas, en vez de otros factores como la edad, el nivel de educación, el estatuto socio-económico o la religión. El proceso de migración hacía los centros urbanos y las tierras bajas amazónicas, generalmente considerado como un factor importante en la pérdida de los conocimientos de medicina tradicional, solo tiene un impacto sobre el conocimiento de la población en el caso de familias que migran más de seis meses por año o de manera permanente. La migración no influye sobre los niveles de conocimientos de plantas medicinales ni sobre las estrategias terapéuticas de las familias que migran de forma temporal o por periodos más cortos de tiempo. Se demuestra que el impacto de factores socio-económicos externos que son generalmente considerados como la causa de la pérdida de los conocimientos de medicina tradicional en las altas tierras andinas es limitado. Además, los resultados de investigación implican que en zonas rurales donde la migración tiene un impacto sobre los conocimientos locales, la medicina tradicional podría ser mejor fortalecida si se trabaja estrechamente con familias y su red de parentesco extendida.

Ethnobotanical study of the sages used in traditional Valencian medicine and as essential oil: characterization of an endemic Salvia and its contribution to local development

Seven wild and cultivated Salvia species and two Phlomis species, used traditionally in Valencian medicine to treat a variety of external and internal ailments, were studied. New ethnobotanical data are provided, obtained from semistructured interviews with 34 people in the Valencian area. A seasonal characterization of the essential oil of a wild sage, Salvia blancoana Webb & Heldr. subsp. mariolensis Figuerola, by GC-FID and GC-MS was carried out as a means to ensure quality control of endemic traditional species such as this one, which has been commercialized by local industries. A comparison with the essential oil of Salvia lavandulifolia Vahl subsp.lavandulifolia allowed inclusion of the wild sage within the commercial 'Spanish sage' oil.

Inventario de plantas con interés etnobotánico de Carrizales (Elche), SE de la Península Ibérica

Se ha realizado un inventario de flora útil en la Partida de Carrizales en el término municipal de Elche (Alicante). A partir de entrevistas de tipo semiestructurado se han encontrado un total de 246 especies, de las cuales aparece una pequeña descripción botánica, ecológica y aplicación etnobotánica. Así, se pretende hacer una aproximación al conocimiento etnobotánico existente en una zona de regadío colonizada a partir del s. XVIII e intensamente antropizada. En nuestro trabajo hemos prestado atención no sólo a los cultivos que actualmente encontramos, sino también los que han estado presentes en el pasado, ya que conociendo sus características se pueden tratar de recuperar y crear productos con sello propio y dinamizar la economía local.

Plantas tradicionales de la Vall d´Albaida

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es estudiar desde el punto etnobotánico las recetas tradicionales de la Vall d´Albaida. Estas recetas continúan manteniendo en la actualidad las características comunes a la mediterránea, sobre todo en el marco de los pueblos, donde casa si casa no tiene un huerto o campo donde recoge productos agrícolas y donde la introducción de productos nuevos no altera esencialmente las recetas. El trabajo de campo ha sido realizado mediante entrevistas a informantes siguiendo la metodología etnobotánica. Las participantes en las entrevistas han sido todas mujeres, excepto en un caso, todos los entrevistados son de la Vall d´Albaida (Ontinyent, Bocairent y l´Olleria). Con estas entrevistas y con las fuentes utilizadas, se ha podido obtener la información necesitada de los orígenes de nuestra cocina y de las expresiones a los que va ligada. Los resultados reflejan que los ingredientes más utilizados son los que han sido la base de nuestros orígenes. De las cincuenta recetas recogidas los arroces y las ollas son los que más comparten entre los distintos pueblos. Pero siempre hay pequeñas diferencias de costumbres en cada casa. La introducción de productos nuevos no ha alterado las recetas tradicionales. Nuestra cocina es un fiel reflejo de la dieta mediterránea, y se caracteriza por los platos fuertes y prácticamente únicos.

Plantas medicinais transmontanas: principais espécies e usos e sua fiabilidade no combate a problemas de saúde

Atualmente, grande parte da população recorre às terapias alternativas, verificando-se uma multiplicidade de motivos para a sua escolha. Estas são, muitas vezes, o único tratamento disponível face aos recursos médicos existentes e ao nível económico da sociedade. As plantas medicinais são tradicionalmente recolhidas pelos habitantes ou curandeiros de uma região. Em Trás-os-Montes, a propriedade vegetativa é variada e abundante em doações e pode acarretar malefícios – aspetos abordados no presente artigo.

Valorização da flora de Cusseque e Caiúndo no centro e sul de Angola e avaliação da biomassa lenhosa utilizada para combustível e construção

Tese de mestrado em Biologia da Conservação, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2016

Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória do extrato aquoso, frações e compostos identificados nos frutos de Hancornia Speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae)

Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae), popularly known as ‘mangabeira’, has been used in folk medicine to treat inflammatory disorders, hypertension, dermatitis, diabetes, liver diseases and stomach disorders. Regarding the Hancornia speciosa fruits, the ethnobotany indicates its use especially for treating inflammation and tuberculosis. However, no study has been done so far to prove such biological activities. The objective was evaluation anti-inflammatory activity from the fruits of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangabeira). Aqueous extract was prepared by decoction, subsequently submitted the liquid-liquid fractionation. The secondary metabolites were identified by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with detector diode array (HPLC-DAD) and liquid chromatography diode array detector coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-MS). The anti-inflammatory properties of the aqueous extract, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol (n-BuOH) fractions of the fruits from H. speciosa, as well as rutin and chlorogenic acid were investigated using in vitro and in vivo models. In vivo tests comprised the xylene-induced ear edema that was measured the formation of edema, carrageenan-induced peritonitis was evaluated the total leukocytes at 4h and zymosan-induced air pouch was measured the total leukocytes and differential cell count at 6, 24 and 48 hours, whereas in vitro tests were evaluated levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α using ELISA obtained of carrageenan-induced peritonitis model. The results showed the presence of rutin and chlorogenic acid were detected in the aqueous extract from H. speciosa fruits by HPLC-DAD and LC-DAD-ME. Furthermore, the aqueous extracts and fractions, as well as rutin and chlorogenic acid significantly inhibited the xilol-induced ear edema and reduced cell migration in the animal models such as carrageenan-induced peritonitis and zymosan-induced air pouch. In addition, reduced levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α were observed. This is the first study that demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract from Hancornia speciosa fruits against different inflammatory agents in animal models, suggesting that their bioactive molecules, especially rutin and chlorogenic acid contributing, at least in part, to the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract. These findings support the widespread use of Hancornia speciosa in popular medicine and demonstrate that this aqueous extract has therapeutic potential for the development of a herbal drugs with anti-inflammatory properties.

Floristic And Ethnobotanical Studies Of Medicinal Plants Of The City Of El -Jadida (MOROCCO)

Abstract: BRIGUICHE. H, ZIDANE. L. Floristic And Ethnobotanical Studies Of Medicinal Plants Of The City Of El -Jadida (MOROCCO). In the framework of the ethnobotanical studies on medicinal plants undertaken by the Laboratory of Biodiversity and Natural Resources of the Faculty of Sciences of Kenitra (Morocco), we are interested in the area of El Jadida which presents a rather important floristic richness thanks to changes in its ecological conditions By using 204 questionnaire, the ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in the field during the years 2012-2013. The location of the different sampling sites was determined by the stratified sampling method. The analysis of the results obtained from the questionnaires and forms using statistical processing allowed us to identify 70 plant species distributed in 69 genera and 37 families. These results also show that most of these species are mainly used in the care of the digestive system and respiratory system. The seed is the most used part in local traditional medicines and the decoction is the most frequent mode with a rate of 31%. The species Origanum compactum is the most used by the population of the city of El Jadida 47 quotes.  

Contribution to the ethnobotanical study of antidiabetic medicinal plants of the Central Middle Atlas region (Morocco)

An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants was carried out in the Central Middle Atlas in the years 2013 and 2014 to establish the catalog of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the treatment of diabetes. Thus, 1560 people were interviewed, using questionnaires. The latter enabled us to gather information on traditional healing practices of the local population including scientific name, French name, vernacular name, plant parts used , therapeutic indications , revenues and mode of administration. The results show that 76 medicinal species were inventoried in the study area. These plant species are included into 67 genus and 40 families. The most represented families are: Lamiaceae (12 species), Asteraceae and Brassicaceae species with 14 each. Of 76 medicinal species found in the region, four species are reported for the first time in the traditional treatment of diabetes in Morocco. They are Pistacia atlantica, Ptychotis verticillata, Anacyclus pyrethrum, Alyssum spinosum, Cistus albidus, Juniperus thurifera, Ephedra nebrodensis, Thymus algeriensis, Th. munbyanus, Th. zygis, Abelmoschus esculentus, Fraxinus augustifolia, Sorghum vulgare and, Eriobotrya japonica. The leaves are the most used organs (38%). The decoction is the dominant mode of preparation (50%) and administration is mostly for oral use (97%).