963 resultados para educação visual


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Pós-graduação em Música - IA

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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To students with special educational needs participate actively at school are required effective and systematic investment, involving the school community as a whole. The occupational therapist is one of the professionals who can facilitate this student inclusion process. This study aimed to discuss the occupational therapy intervention effects with two disability children with deficits in visual perceptual skills, motor coordination and visual motor integration, that was included in regular education. The Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration was use to evaluate visual perceptual skills, motor coordination and visual-motor integration. Because the deficits presented in the functions investigates was identified the need of an occupational therapy intervention program designed to improve the performance in theses functions. After the program, the test was reapplied. The results pointed to an improvement of all functions considered deficient. These results highlight to the training importance to improve the performance in abilities evaluated.

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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pouco se sabe a respeito da marcha de pacientes com doença de Parkinson (DP) em ambientes irregulares. Mais especificamente, não foram encontrados estudos que manipularam a informação visual na tarefa de ultrapassar obstáculo. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o papel da visão no comportamento locomotor durante a ultrapassagem de obstáculos de diferentes alturas em indivíduos com DP idiopática, manipulando experimentalmente a disponibilidade das informações visuais. Participaram 14 idosos com DP, classificados entre os estágios 1 e 2,5 da escala de Hoehn & Yahr. Os participantes foram convidados a percorrer andando uma passarela de 8 metros, em condições sem obstáculo (SO) e com obstáculo baixo (OB) ou alto (OA). As tentativas foram apresentadas combinando condições de obstáculo (SO, OB e OA) e de visão (IVD e IVE), em 3 tentativas por condição, totalizando 18 tentativas; realizadas em 2 blocos. A manipulação de informação visual foi realizada através do uso de óculos de lentes de cristal líquido e a análise cinemática foi realizada tridimensionalmente. As variáveis dependentes selecionadas incluíram os parâmetros espaciais e temporais das fases de aproximação e ultrapassagem do obstáculo. Para o tratamento dos dados, foram empregadas duas MANOVAs. Os resultados revelaram que tanto a manipulação visual como a manipulação do terreno influenciaram no comportamento locomotor dos pacientes. Na fase de aproximação, a presença do obstáculo provocou modificações nos parâmetros locomotores, refletindo em menores valores médios de comprimento e velocidade da passada nas condições OB e OA do que na condição SO. Em relação à informação visual nesta mesma fase, a anulação do fluxo óptico provocou diminuição do comprimento e da velocidade da passada, da cadência e da porcentagem da fase de suporte simples e aumento da duração... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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The culture is embedded in all social and especially those aimed at the formation of the citizen as a whole. So the school is a major means of training and is not neutral on the influence of culture on student learning. The social milieu in which it is inserted or not contributing to great learning and shapes the human being as the pre-existing norms in society. Link education with the culture of the student from considering it as a whole helps to understand how this builds your knowledge and see how the world around them. The production of new knowledge through what we see is also part of the cultural and social practices. In a society where looks are extremely exploited and relate it to the formation of knowledge through social helps in understanding the culture as a learning process and identify the individual as having a cultural identity with social significance. This research addresses how school culture has treated the various existing and possible means of study such as art, treatment of the curriculum and within the classroom, emphasizing its importance in the educational context

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Considerando que a notícia impressa, televisual ou on-line não se restringe à elaboração do texto com aporte visual; de que, ao contrário, muitas vezes o projeto gráfico, o fotográfico e o videográfico, além da composição e estrutura de seus elementos, têm participação determinante na construção da notícia, este projeto parte da necessidade de um estudo crítico sobre a forma como a criança vem sendo representada (em imagens, sejam ilustrações ou fotografias) pelo jornalismo dirigido ao público adulto e geral. Diferentemente dos estudos no campo da Psicologia Social, do Direito ou da Comunicação com ênfase no agendamento social que dão destaque para temas de grande apelo social como violência, educação ou direito da criança e do adolescente, este estudo delimita seu objeto, abordagem e fundamentação na investigação da imagem e nas teorias da imagem e da mídia, abarcando, com isso, a variedade de temas que envolvem o universo infantil (desde os aspectos lúdicos e imaginativos até aqueles de maior dramaticidade e de grande apelo midiático). O objetivo deste projeto é demonstrar qual é a imagem (ou imagens) que a mídia brasileira contemporânea (jornais impressos e on-line) tem da criança (ou das crianças) e qual o comportamento dessa mídia no agendamento, pautagem e produção de tais imagens que representam as crianças em diversas situações. Para isso, serão analisadas as imagens de crianças apresentadas nos jornais Folha de S.Paulo, O Estado de S.Paulo, Jornal da Tarde, Jornal do Brasil e O Dia. Esses formam o corpus principal e dão enlevo para as imagens com produção em processo “mais imediato” – onde nota-se um tipo de jornalismo mais factual

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Postural control is needed to perform various daily activities, from staying in one posture, standing, to sports situations. Many studies have shown that sensory systems help to maintain posture stable; acquisition of perceptual information, particularly through head and eye movements, allows static and dynamic equilibrium. Research related to both motor behavior and physical activities such as gymnastics have contributed to a better understanding of complexities involved in human postural control. The purpose of this study was to review the related literature, searching for possible answers on how everyday and sports actions are performed, with respect to the control and maintenance of posture. Its focus was on how the human body acquires information from the sensory systems, vision in special, and how this information acts to support the control of posture and gaze

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The purpose of the present study was to analyze the visual control of braking a bicycle when the cyclist is surprised by an obstacle in his way. According to Lee (1976), visually controlled braking based on time to collision information utilizes the optic variables tau and its first derivative in time, tau-dot, to initiating the braking action and regulating its intensity. Seven young adults performed a bicycle braking task in curvilinear trajectory under distinct velocity (high, medium, and low) and uncertainty (certainty and uncertainty) conditions. Results showed that, independently of velocity and uncertainty levels, participants utilized tau and tau-dot to initiating and regulating the braking action, avoiding collision with the obstacle. Cognitive, attentional, and other psychological factors resulting from both increased velocity and uncertainty were not capable of altering the use of time to collision information, corroborating the tested hypothesis

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This article is inserted in a study aimed at the identification of the main barriers for the inclusion of visually-impaired students in Physics classes. It focuses on the understanding of the communication context which facilitates or hardens the effective participation of students with visual impairment in Mechanics activities. To do so, the research defines, from empirical - sensory and semantic structures, the language to be applied in the activities, as well as, the moment and the speech pattern in which the languages have been used. As a result, it identifies the rela tion between the uses of the interdependent audio-visual empirical lan guage structure in the non-interactive episodes of authority; the decrease in the use of this structure in interactive episodes; the creation of educa tional segregation environments within the classroom and the frequent use of the interdependent tactile-hearing empirical language structure in such environments.

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This article is part of a study that seeks to understand the main barriers to the inclusion of visually   impaired   students   in   learning   Physics.   Analyzing  modern physics classes, we examine the difficulties in communication between teachers and visually impaired students. Our study emphasizes the analyses of empirical­sensory and semantic structures of speech, indicating factors that may hamper  students’ understanding in the classroom. We recommend alternative procedures that aim to facilitate the effective participation of students with visual impairment in the communication process, such as:  elimination of the interdependent   audiovisual structure and the exploration of the communicational potentialities of a speech based on empirical structures whose accessibility does not depend on visual skills.

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The hippotherapy is a therapeutic and educational method that uses the horse within an interdisciplinary approach in the areas of health, education and riding, seeking the biopsychosocial development of people with disabilities and/or special needs. The method generates the practitioner positive effects, such as physical, social and psychological benefits. The goal of this study was to investigate alterations with a practitioner with visual impairment during their participation in a hippotherapy program. The study is characterized by a qualitative and descriptive research, in the form of case study. Data were collected through interviews with the mother of the practitioner and filming, photographs and systematic observation of the sessions. Improvements were found in the behavior of practicing at home, and there was progress in motor performance, and self-confidence generated by the domain horse. It is concluded that the hippotherapy program generated physical, psychological and social benefits to the practitioner.

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Braking visual control was studied in recreational cyclists through the manipulation of bicycle’s velocity at braking initiation (low, medium, and high) and approaching trajectory (straight and curved) with respect to a stationary obstacle. The hypothesis was that the type of trajectory, exclusively or interacting with initial velocity, would affect time to collision visual information (tau margin) and its fi rst derivative in time (tau-dot), respectively, in the onset and during braking. The results revealed that velocity affected signifi cantly tau margin while tau-dot remained unaltered independently of condition. The type of trajectory clearly did not affect the visual control of braking in cyclists.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq)