Investigação do potencial dos ensaios APULOT e pull-out para estimativa da resistência a compressão do concreto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aderência aço-concreto: simulação numéricadosensaios de arranchamento pull-out e APULOT usando o programa ATENA

The bond between steel and concrete is essential for the existence of reinforced concrete structures, as both materials act together to absorb structural strain. The bond phenomenon is considered to be complex regarding many factors that affect it. Several types of bond tests have been proposed over years. One is the modified proposed of pull-out test, which was elaborated by Lorrain and Barbosa [1] called APULOT test (Appropriete pull-out-test). Based on experimental results obtained by Vale Silva[2] either by conventional pull-out tests, or by modified pull-out test, APULOT, seeks to know the numeric behavior of bond steel-concrete through a numerical simulation using a calculation code ATENA which is based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). The numerical simulation provided better evaluate the stress distribution and cracking that occurs during the test, thereby becoming a valuable tool to support the experimental project that aims to validation, validation partially or not recommend the modified bond test steel-concrete - APULOT test - as quality control test of structural concrete. The numerical results showed good representation compared to experimental results.

Análise da durabilidade do concreto de alto desempenho com adição de cinza de casca de arroz e borracha de pneu

Since the Seventies, there has been a growing degradation of concrete structures in Brazil. For that reason, much research has been made on the durability of those structures, aiming at contributing towards quality improvement and reduction of maintenance and repair costs. This study evaluates the behavior of the durability of high-performance concrete with additions, replacing part of the cement and aggregates with rice husk ash and tire rubber, respectively. Durability tests were carried out in which concrete was subjected to several degradation processes, such as the action of water, temperature, salts and acid solution. The results indicated that the addition of active silica or rice husk ash, both with tire rubber did not worsen the durability of concrete. In fact, rubber proved to be very effective in preventing the action of chemical agents, high temperatures and the penetration of water. Rice husk ash, despite the larger diameter of particles, had similar results to that of the active silica.

Análise do processo de execução de edificações compostas por paredes de concreto executadas in loco

This work presents a fast, easy, standardized and planned method to build family homes in order to collaborate with the decline of housing deficit and, at the same time, meet families who wish to invest in building their own houses, once that our country is experiencing an economical prosperity . This method has been widely used nowadays because it is being deployed in large-scale and in a standardized pattern, reducing decreasing significantly the construction time. The concrete wall, shaped in loco depends on unique processes. For this reason, a well trained staff is required so the constructive process can be executed in a fast pace, showing better results than other construction methods. This project will address all the materials used to build the molded concrete walls in loco, their sequence assembly, application, types, characteristics and performances. At the end, a way used by building companies of locating the concrete will also be given. Although there is no specific Brazilian norm for this type of construction, a study on this topic will soon be released. Therefore, the studies for the execution of this project were based on Brazilian standards prevailing at the time, construction magazines and books that are based on building methods considered more common

Considerações e avaliações das solicitações em estruturas de edificações de paredes de concreto pré-moldado utilizando o modelo de pórtico tridimensional: estudo de caso

The present study is in reference to precast concrete (panels) walls as the main structural system. The diversification of the structural systems is a reality due to specific characteristics', as a result there is a lack of study and analysis. Some systems are already established in their applications, for instance: conventional reinforced concrete, structural masonry, metal structures, and wood structure. Apart from this precast concrete elements has had a growth in building sites in Brazil, therefore professionals should be more aware. Affordable house funding initiatives to address the housing shortage has been recurrent throughout the country, additionally precast concrete walls has been an alternative that meets the three basic concepts of engineering, which are: the technique, economy, and security. The objective of this study is to gather concepts from the literature and TOMO (2012) about precast concrete walls and make a didactic synthesis of how they are viewed. The modeling structure method of the system was performed following the concept of assigning bars, using the computer program of calculations SAP2000. Initially will be presented a theoretical part, furthermore a case study to illustrate the sizing of the walls using EXCEL tables programmed with calculation routine. The results will be presented in calculated efforts by the program for further analysis. Finally, will be highlighted important items of modeling and interpretation of the results

Estudo da aderência entre o concreto celular e as barras de aço

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Estruturas de concreto reforçadas com PRFC parte II: análise dos modelos de cisalhamento

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo para determinação de uma metodologia para o ensaio de arrancamento que avalia aderência aço/concreto

This work talks about the importance of the steel adhesion to concrete, reinforced concrete structures, their testing and forms of measurement used and how the results are used in the structural design, which uses as a reference the NBR 6118 and NBR 7480. It also deals with the importance of a reliable assessment, discussing failures that the test used, NBR 7477, features in specific circumstances, as discussed under the EC-094. It also presents an initial proposal for simplified pullout test, which aims to analyze the grip on steel bars with diameter less than 10 mm, which results when used standardized testing by ABNT NBT 7477, has shown excessive variability, the main criticism of the trial today used without distinction to be established thick or thin bars. The proposal also presented methodology is in the consolidation phase, given the time and the volume of necessary tests. For this reason it is not possible to make a comparison between the values obtained and the results of the test used on the basis of the standard in force, this can only be done once the front with a continuation of this work

Estudo para determinação de uma metodologia para o ensaio de arrancamento que avalia aderência aço/concreto

This work talks about the importance of the steel adhesion to concrete, reinforced concrete structures, their testing and forms of measurement used and how the results are used in the structural design, which uses as a reference the NBR 6118 and NBR 7480. It also deals with the importance of a reliable assessment, discussing failures that the test used, NBR 7477, features in specific circumstances, as discussed under the EC-094. It also presents an initial proposal for simplified pullout test, which aims to analyze the grip on steel bars with diameter less than 10 mm, which results when used standardized testing by ABNT NBT 7477, has shown excessive variability, the main criticism of the trial today used without distinction to be established thick or thin bars. The proposal also presented methodology is in the consolidation phase, given the time and the volume of necessary tests. For this reason it is not possible to make a comparison between the values obtained and the results of the test used on the basis of the standard in force, this can only be done once the front with a continuation of this work

Monitoramento e identificação numérico e experimental de danos em vigas e pontes de aço e concreto utilizando transformadas de wavelet

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2015.

Estudo de revestimentos inorgânicos com inibidor de corrosão aplicado na superfície do concreto

The corrosive phenomenon on reinforced concrete structures is one of the most founded pathologies on the coastal area. With the objective to prevent the process development, or even, retard its beginning, it was studied the application of inorganic covering over concrete surfaces, after its cure, as well as, evaluate the efficiency of the covering applied on the concrete in reducing its porosity of concrete preventing the entrance of aggressive agents to preserve the integrity of the existing armor inside it, comparing the result obtained with the body-of-proof reference, that didn´t receive covering protection. On the concrete production it was used Portland Cement CP II 32, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water from the local distributive. Two types of covering were used, one resin based of silicon and solvent and other white cement based, selected sands and acrylic resin. The concrete mixture adopted was 1:1,5:2,5 (cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate) and 0.50 water/cement ratio. With the concrete on fresh state was made the experiment test to determinate the workability. On the hardened state was made the concrete resistance experiment, absorption of water and electrochemical experiments, through polarization curves. Also was held optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy experiments to analyze the layer of the covering applied to the concrete surface and the interface between the concrete and the layer. The obtained results shows that the covering applied to the concrete surface didn´t affect the resistance towards compression. On the absorption of water occurred a diminution of the percentage absorbed, improving the concrete development by making it more impermeable towards the entrance of aggressive agents. The electrochemical experiment results confirmed the water absorption results; the body-of-proof covered presented larger protection towards the development of corrosives process and retarded the evolution of the corrosive phenomenon

Efeitos do tratamento superficial da sílica ativa com soluções de ácidos nítrico e fosfórico em propriedades do concreto

The addition of active silica potentially improves the quality of concrete due to its high reactivity and pore refinement effect. The reactivity of silica is likely related to its charge density. Variations in surface charge alter the reactivity of the material consequently affecting the properties of concrete. The present study aimed at investigating variations in the charge density of silica as a function of acid treatments using nitric or phosphoric acid and different pH values (2.0, 4.0 and 6.0). Effects on concrete properties including slump, mechanical strength, permeability and chloride corrosion were evaluated. To that end, a statistical analysis was carried out and empirical models that correlate studied parameters (pH, acid and cement) with concrete properties were established. The quality of the models was tested by variance analysis. The results revealed that the addition of silica was efficiency in improving the properties of concrete, especially the electrochemical parameters. The addition of silica treated using nitric acid at pH = 4.0 displayed the best cement performance including highest strength, reduced permeability and lowest corrosion current

Elaboração de indicadores e uso de ferramentas de controle da qualidade na execução de obras prediais.

Este trabalho propõe uma adaptação na metodologia de utilização dos indicadores da qualidade, em conjunto com as ferramentas da qualidade, a fim de obter melhorias no processo construtivo predial. Pretende-se elevar o nível de controle na chegada dos materiais à obra para a construção da superestrutura de concreto armado moldadas in loco e eliminar gradativamente as não-conformidades nas peças acabadas nesta etapa construtiva por meio dos princípios do controle de qualidade e dando ênfase ao ciclo PDCA. As ferramentas da qualidade são utilizadas na indústria, especialmente no setor automobilístico, onde auxiliam no rastreamento e eliminação das causas de nãoconformidade ocorridas em seus produtos. Estas ferramentas permitem também um acompanhamento dos resultados, a fim de reduzir custos e aumentar a qualidade e confiabilidade dos produtos. Contudo, na indústria da construção civil do Brasil ainda são pouco utilizadas onde, aliadas aos princípios da qualidade e a utilização de indicadores de qualidade, identificam as fontes geradoras de não-conformidades no produto final auxiliando na eliminação incremental dos desperdícios e conseqüentemente nos atrasos e redução de custos nas construções. Os resultados do estudo mostram que, o uso de indicadores da qualidade em conjunto com as ferramentas da qualidade torna possível implantar um fluxo de atividades de controle, que permite rastrear as causas de não-conformidade na fase de execução da superestrutura predial de concreto armado.

Verificação experimental da largura colaborante em mesas de lajes nervuradas.

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo experimental para determinação da largura colaborante em mesas de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado. Esta largura é definida comumente utilizando-se as recomendações contidas nas diversas normas e procedimentos já consagrados de estruturas de concreto armado. Visando a determinação da largura da mesa que efetivamente contribui na capacidade resistente da seção de lajes nervuradas, foram instrumentados e ensaiados modelos que buscaram reproduzir faixas de nervuras e painéis de laje. As faixas possuíam dimensões reais de duas nervuras principais, enquanto as lajes reproduziam painéis em escala reduzida (1:2). Em parte dos modelos, foram inseridos extensômetros de resistência elétrica nas armaduras e no concreto, além de transdutores para verificação das flechas. Foram calculadas as larguras a partir das curvas de tensões e flechas verificadas experimentalmente. Verificou-se, também, a influência da presença de tubulação embutida ao longo da mesa das faixas de laje.

Análise dinâmica e controle de vibrações de pisos de edificações submetidos a atividades humanas rítmicas.

Um aumento crescente dos problemas estruturais associados à vibração excessiva de pisos de edificações de estruturas mistas (aço-concreto) e de concreto armado devido a atividades humanas rítmicas constitui a principal motivação para o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de projeto respaldada na obtenção da resposta dinâmica de pisos mistos (aço-concreto) e de concreto armado, quando submetidos a cargas dinâmicas humanas rítmicas. Para tal, os modelos estruturais estudados baseiam-se em pisos de edificações mistas (aço-concreto) e de concreto armado submetidos a aulas de ginástica aeróbica. São empregadas técnicas usuais de discretização, via método dos elementos finitos (MEF), por meio do programa ANSYS. Um estudo paramétrico foi realizado sobre os modelos estruturais investigados e foram obtidos valores elevados para as acelerações de pico violando os critérios de projeto e indicando níveis de vibrações excessivas. Considerando-se os aspectos mencionados anteriormente foi desenvolvida uma estratégia com base em alternativas viáveis para o controle estrutural, objetivando a atenuação das vibrações excessivas a partir da instalação de atenuadores dinâmicos sincronizados (ADS) nos pisos analisados.