Evaluation of steady burn lights for traffic control in highway work zones. Phase II. Final report.

Ohio Department of Transportation, Columbus

Major factors affecting burn-up of nuclear fuel elements /

Uranium oxide has been reduced by carbon under vacuum at 2250°C, to yield a product consisting of dendritic uranium carbide in a matrix of uranium.

Living thoughts in words that burn, from poet, sage and humorist.

Mode of access: Internet.

How to buy, sell and burn coal.

Mode of access: Internet.

Controlled prairie burn : Western Lion Landfill -- Service Disposal Landfill : Coles County, Illinois.

"March, 2005."

Guidance on setting permit conditions and reporting trial burn results : handbook.

Library has volume II only.

Controlled trial of hyperbaric oxygen treatment for alkali corneal burn in the rabbit

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of alkali-induced corneal burns in an animal model. Methods: Twenty-four rabbits were randomized into a control group (n = 12) and hyperbaric oxygen treatment group (n = 12). After induction of anaesthesia, the alkali burn model was established by application of 1 N sodium hydroxide to one eye of each rabbit. The hyperbaric oxygen treatment group was treated each day for 21 days with hyperbaric oxygen at 2.4 Atmospheres Absolute (ATA) for 1 h. The eyes of the animals were examined daily for 2 weeks and then weekly until the end of the trial. The principal endpoint was that of perforation of the cornea at which time the animals were killed with a lethal dose of either intravenous or intraperitoneal barbiturate and the eyes immediately enucleated and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. All animals in which complete healing took placed were also killed, the eyes removed, fixed and examined histologically. Photographs were taken of the rabbit's eyes at weekly intervals and the area of vascularization and epithelial defects in the hyperbaric and control groups were compared. Results: Equal numbers (seven) of the control and hyperbaric oxygen treated groups had perforated corneas and there was no statistical difference in the mean time to perforation (control 30.1 days; treated 30 days). There was also no statistical difference between the two groups with respect to epithelial defect size. Conclusion: Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen for 1 h daily for 21 days had no beneficial effect on alkali-induced corneal burns.

Cytotoxicity of topical antimicrobial agents used in burn wounds in Australasia

Background: Burn sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with major burns. The use of topical antimicrobial agents has helped improve the survival of these patients. Silvazine (Sigma Pharmaceuticals, Melbourne, Australia) (1% silver sulphadiazine and 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate) is used exclusively in Australasia, and there is no published study on its cytotoxicity. This study compared the relative cytotoxicity of Silvazine with 1% silver sulphadiazine (Flamazine (Smith & Nephew Healthcare. Hull. UK)) and a silver-based dressing (Acticoat (Smith & Nephew Healthcare, Hull, UK)). Methods: Dressings were applied to the centre of culture plates that were then seeded with keratinocytes at an estimated 25% confluence. The plates were incubated for 72 h and culture medium and dressings then removed. Toluidine blue was added to stain the remaining keratinocytes. Following removal of the dye, the plates were photographed under standard conditions and these digital images were analysed using image analysis software. Data was analysed using Student's t-test. Results: In the present study, Silvazine is the most cytotoxic agent. Seventy-two hour exposure to Silvazine in the present study results in almost no keratinocyte survival at all and a highly statistically significant reduction in cell survival relative to control, Acticoat and Flamazine (P

Deep dermal burn injury results in scarless wound healing in the ovine fetus

Early to mid-term fetuses heal cutaneous incisional wounds without scars; however, fetal response to burn injury has not been ascertained. We present a fetal model of thermal injury and subsequent analysis of fetal and lamb response to burn injury. A reproducible deep dermal burn injury was created in the fetus by application of water at 66 degrees C for 7 seconds, and at 82 degrees C for 10 seconds to the lamb. Macroscopically, the area of fetal scald was undetectable from day 7 post injury, while all lamb scalds were readily identified and eventually healed with scarring. Using a five-point histopathology scoring system for alteration in tissue morphology, differences were detected between control and scalded skin at all stages in lamb postburn, but no difference was detected in the fetal model after day 7. There were also large differences in content of alpha-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-beta 1 between control and scalded lamb and these differences were statistically significant at day 14 (P < 0.01). This novel model of fetal and lamb response to deep dermal injury indicates that the fetus heals a deep burn injury in a scarless fashion. Further elucidation of this specific fetal process of burn injury repair may lead to improved outcome for patients with burn injury.