Biochemical variation during ovarian vitellogenic growth in a hill stream teleost Garra mullya (Sykes) due to cadmium toxicity

Some biochemical variations during ovarian vitellogenic growth in hill-stream teleost Garra mullya due to sublethal concentration of cadmium has been discussed. Total protein, cholesterol and glycogen in ovary and liver along with gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) in Cd-treated fish exhibited significant decrease while liver glycogen remained unaltered.

Length-weight relationship of a hill-stream fish, Glyptothorax telchitta (Ham.) from Saptakoshi River of Nepal

The length-weight relationship of a hill-stream fish, Glyptothorax telchitta from Saptakoshi River of Nepal was analysed using the formula W=aLᵇ. The exponential values computed for total length and standard length in relation to body weight were 2.991 and 2.888 respectively.

Dynamic condition monitoring of buried gas pipes

This paper describes a device which can be used to detect variation in the integrity of the surrounding medium which supports buried gas pipes. The method is also applicable to other kinds of pipe. Variation in pipe support condition leads to increased likelihood of pipe damage under vehicle loading. A vibrating 'pig' has been developed and tested on buried pipelines in Britain and the measured data obtained is compared with theoretical models. Certain features, such as voids, hard spots and joints, display characteristic responses to vibration and a library of such characteristics has been constructed both experimentally and from the theoretical models.

Identification of support conditions of buried pipes using a vibrating pig

This paper describes a method for monitoring the variation in support condition of pipelines using a vibration technique. The method is useful for detecting poor support of buried pipelines and for detecting spanning and depth of cover in sub-sea lines. Variation in the pipe support condition leads to increased likelihood of pipe damage. Under roadways, poorly supported pipe may be damaged by vehicle loading. At sea, spanned sections of pipe are vulnerable to ocean current loading and also to snagging by stray anchors in shallow waters. A vibrating `pig' has been developed and tested on buried pipelines. Certain features of pipe support, such as voids and hard spots, display characteristic responses to vibration, and these are measured by the vibrating pig. Post-processing of the measured vibration data is used to produce a graphical representation of the pipeline support and certain `feature characteristics' are identified. In field tests on a pipeline with deliberately constructed support faults, features detected by the vibrating pig are in good agreement with the known construction.