214 resultados para abacaxi
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o comportamento reológico do suco de abacaxi- pérola natural e tratado com enzimas pectinolíticas. As condições de tratamento enzimático foram otimizadas através de um planejamento experimental do tipo fatorial completo 2k, com três repetições do ponto central. Na avaliação do comportamento reológico foram utilizadas duas amostras submetidas a peneiramento (N e D), analisadas em quatro diferentes temperaturas (10; 25; 50 e 65 °C). As análises reológicas foram realizadas utilizando um viscosímetro de cilindros concêntricos Brookfield e os dados experimentais foram ajustados ao modelo de Mizrahi-Berk. A relação entre temperatura e viscosidade aparente foi descrita por uma equação tipo Arrhenius. A otimização da atividade enzimática indicou, através da análise de variância e da metodologia de superfície de resposta, que as variáveis temperatura e tempo de tratamento exerceram efeito estatisticamente significativo (p<0,05) sobre a concentração de pectina presente na amostra. O modelo utilizado mostrou-se adequado para descrever o comportamento reológico dos sucos de acordo com os parâmetros R2, χ2 e Bf. Os baixos valores obtidos para o índice de comportamento indicaram um comportamento pseudoplástico (n<1). A temperatura exerceu influência sobre a tensão de cisalhamento e a viscosidade aparente dos sucos analisados, sendo os menores valores observados nas amostras analisadas a 65 °C. A equação tipo Arrhenius descreveu de modo satisfatório o efeito da temperatura sobre a viscosidade aparente. Os valores da energia de ativação (Eat) foram de 4,54 Kcal.g.mol-1 e 4,89 Kcal.g.mol-1, respectivamente, para as amostras do suco de abacaxi natural e despectinizado, aumentando com o tratamento enzimático. A atividade enzimática proporcionou uma redução nos valores dos parâmetros de comportamento reológico das amostras, bem como na viscosidade aparente, em todas as temperaturas utilizadas, sendo o maior percentual de redução observado a 65 °C (41,66%).
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos - IBILCE
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The pineapple crop has a permanent demand for water, variable and dependent on their stage of development, which may affect the production and fruit quality. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical quality of fruits Smooth cayenne pineapple submitted to different levels and frequency of water replacement in the soil. We used a randomized block design in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of four levels of soil water replenishment (50%, 75%, 100% and 125% of crop evapotranspiration) and two irrigation frequencies (1 and 3 days) with four replications. We evaluated the parameters: juice yield (RS), hydrogen potential (pH), total soluble solids (SST), titratable acidity (ATT), SST/ATT relationship, ascorbic acid (AA). It was observed that the blades and irrigation frequencies did not affect the juice yield (RS) and ascorbic acid (AA), the increase of the blades irrigation influenced positively the quality of the fruit as it increases the values of total soluble solids (SST) decreases the acidity (ATT), raises the relationship SST/ATT and hydrogen potential (pH).
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS
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The concern with the environment preservation has done with that researchers as well as industries invest in the search for materials that come from renewable sources. Natural fibers, because they are ecologically correct and have low cost, have been studied as a possible substitute, even if partial, of synthetic fibers in the development of polymeric composites. In this context, the hybrid composites (natural/synthetic) increase considerably the range of application of natural composites. The auto industry, in its constant quest for good mechanical properties materials which are developed with sustainability, has in composites with hybrid reinforcement a very viable alternative. In the present work, the nature Crown pineapple fibers and nature Crown pineapple fibers treated with alkaline solution were studied in order to evaluate the influence of chemical treatment in its properties. For this techniques were used x-ray diffractometry, Thermogravimetry and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Composites have been developed using polypropylene, reinforced with pineapple fibers and pineapple fibers hybrids/glass fibres, both with levels of 5 and 10%. These composites were analyzed by Thermogravimetry techniques and tested by traction. The realization of this work indicated that although the chemical treatment did not affect the thermal stability of the fibers, caused an increase in crystallinity index fibers and decreased its hydrophilic. The tests performed on composite indicated that the composites process was suitable because it provided good dispersion of the polymer matrix. The addition of natural fibers from the pineapple's Crown, in a proportion of 10%, provided the greatest increase in modulus of elasticity (27%) when compared to the pure polymer
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Sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) is an important grass cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, such as in Br, Ind, and Ch, and has its biomass being raw material for production of sugar, fuel ethanol, and some other derivatives. Fungal diseases infect sugarcane fields worldwide, damaging crops and thus, causing great economic losses. Fungal specialized structures act during all Pathogen-Host Relationship Cycle (PHRC) (survival, dissemination, infection, colonization, and reproduction of pathogen), maintaining fungal populations in cultivation soil, infecting plants in following crops and vegetative propagation of sugarcane by infected seeds may allow fungal transportation into regions where diseases haven’t occured before. Biotechnological methods and approaches have significantly contributed to understanding of the relationship among parasite and host, as to diseases management (control, detection, and prevention). Some techniques have daily applications in Agriculture, while others are only used in research and to breeding of host resistant varieties. Among notable diseases, smut (Sporisorium scitamineum) and pineapple disease (Ceratocystis paradoxa) are important because they cause damage and losses in sugarcane regions, although there are different periods for each one to occur. This work aims to review the PHRC for each patosystem, the biotechnological methods and approaches and its perspectives in the study and management of these diseases. As environment is an important factor to the effectiveness of PHRC, one chapter is dedicated to Global Climate Change (GCC) and its possible influences over these diseases in a longterm period