Fifth Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 1908 to June 30, 1910

1908-1910 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Ninth Report of the Iowa Library Commission for the Biennial Period July 1, 1916 to June 30, 1918

1916-1918 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

1920 Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 1918 to June 30, 1920

1918-1920 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Eleventh Report of the Iowa Library Commission for the Biennial Period July 1, 1920 to June 30, 1922

1920-1922 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Twelfth Report of the Iowa Library Commission to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 1922 to June 30, 1924

1922-1924 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Thirteenth Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 1924 to June 30, 1926

1924-1926 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Fourteenth Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 2926 to June 30, 1928

1926-1928 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Fifteenth Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 1928 to June 30, 1930 1928-1930

1928-1930 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Sixteenth Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 1930 to June 30, 1932

1930-1932 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Seventeenth Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1, 1932 to June 30, 1934

1932-1934 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Nineteenth Report of the Iowa Library Commission Made to the Governor of Iowa for the Biennial Period July 1,1936 to June 30, 1938

1936-1938 Iowa Library Commission Report made to the Governor of Iowa.

Evidence for the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the total ozone column at northern low latitudes and midlatitudes during winter and summer seasons.

The strong influence of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the total ozone column (TOC) in the Northern Hemisphere has been reported in a number of previous studies. In this study we show that this influence is not restricted to the winter season but is also significant in summer. Especially interesting effects of the summer NAO (SNAO) on the TOC are observed over the eastern Mediterranean region, where a strongly positive SNAO index is related to the creation of a geopotential height-negative anomaly over Greece with maximum amplitude at 200 hPa. Another anomaly was observed west of the Iberian Peninsula with similar effects on the TOC. Analyzing 26 years of Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) data from the equator to midlatitudes (60°) in the Northern Hemisphere, we demonstrate that the SNAO accounts for up to 30% of the TOC variability with a strong latitudinal and longitudinal dependence. Additionally, we obtain significant correlations between the NAO index and the thermal tropopause pressure and also with the geopotential heights at 200 and 500 hPa. Finally, some indirect connections between NAO and the TOC through teleconnections are also discussed.

The history of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation according to lacustrine and marine sediments

El gran impacte que El Niño - Oscil·lació del Sud (ENSO) té en la nostra societat industrialitzada ha esperonat la comunitat científica d'arreu a entendre quins són els mecanismes físics que el controlen, així com clarificar quina ha estat la seva història. El registre sedimentari de sensors naturals, com els llacs o la mar, ha permès reconstruir la història de l'ENSO. En aquest article, els autors donen una visió sintètica de la història d'aquest fenomen climàtic al llarg dels darrers quatre milions d'anys.

The history of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation according to lacustrine and marine sediments

El gran impacte que El Niño - Oscil·lació del Sud (ENSO) té en la nostra societat industrialitzada ha esperonat la comunitat científica d'arreu a entendre quins són els mecanismes físics que el controlen, així com clarificar quina ha estat la seva història. El registre sedimentari de sensors naturals, com els llacs o la mar, ha permès reconstruir la història de l'ENSO. En aquest article, els autors donen una visió sintètica de la història d'aquest fenomen climàtic al llarg dels darrers quatre milions d'anys.

Hydrological evidence for a North Atlantic oscillation during the Little Ice Age outside its range observed since 1850.

An annual-resolved precipitation reconstruction for the last 800 yr in Southern Spain has been performed using stable carbon isotope (δ13C) of Pinus nigra tree rings. The reconstruction exhibits high- to low-frequency variability and distinguishes a Little Ice Age (LIA, AD 13501850) characterized by lower averaged rainfall than both in the transition from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to the LIA and in the 20th century. The driest conditions are recorded during the Maunder solar Minimum (mid 17thearly 18th centuries), in good agreement with the Spanish documentary archive. Similar linkage between solar activity (maximum/minimum) and precipitation (increase/decrease) is observed throughout the entire LIA. Additionally, the relationship between the hydrological pattern in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco during the LIA suggests different spatial distribution of precipitation in the south-eastern sector of the North Atlantic region such as it is known currently. Whereas in the instrumental record the precipitation evolves similarly in both regions and opposite to the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) index, the coldest periods of the LIA shows a contrasting pattern with drier conditions in the South of Spain and wetter in Northern Africa. We suggest an extreme negative NAO conditions, accompanied by a southward excursion of the winter rainfall band beyond that observed in the last century, can explain this contrast. The sustained NAO conditions could have been triggered by solar minima and higher volcanic activity during the LIA.