959 resultados para Thomas, Ella


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Successfully predicting the frequency dispersion of electronic hyperpolarizabilities is an unresolved challenge in materials science and electronic structure theory. We show that the generalized Thomas-Kuhn sum rules, combined with linear absorption data and measured hyperpolarizability at one or two frequencies, may be used to predict the entire frequency-dependent electronic hyperpolarizability spectrum. This treatment includes two- and three-level contributions that arise from the lowest two or three excited electronic state manifolds, enabling us to describe the unusual observed frequency dispersion of the dynamic hyperpolarizability in high oscillator strength M-PZn chromophores, where (porphinato)zinc(II) (PZn) and metal(II)polypyridyl (M) units are connected via an ethyne unit that aligns the high oscillator strength transition dipoles of these components in a head-to-tail arrangement. We show that some of these structures can possess very similar linear absorption spectra yet manifest dramatically different frequency dependent hyperpolarizabilities, because of three-level contributions that result from excited state-to excited state transition dipoles among charge polarized states. Importantly, this approach provides a quantitative scheme to use linear optical absorption spectra and very limited individual hyperpolarizability measurements to predict the entire frequency-dependent nonlinear optical response. Copyright © 2010 American Chemical Society.

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Este es un estudio de un caso acerca de las representaciones de números racionales en la recta numérica hechas a mano y utilizando un programa interactivo de una alumna de nivel medio superior. En un principio las representaciones de la alumna mostraron una clara comprensión de cómo representar el orden entre diferentes números en la recta numérica, pero no cómo representar correctamente las distancias entre ellos. La forma de representación utilizada (decimales o fracciones) también fue importante para que ella pudiera o no mostrar su comprensión de las distancias entre diversos números racionales. El estudio muestra el pensamiento de la alumna, sus dificultades y avances, a través de las interacciones con el entrevistador y el programa de computadora.

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Book review of: Scarlett Thomas, PopCo, London and New York: Fourth Estate, 2004. 1-84115-763-5, £12.99.

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Rezension von: Thomas Koinzer: Auf der Suche nach der demokratischen Schule, Amerikafahrer, Kulturtransfer und Schulreform in der Bildungsreformära der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt 2011 (279 S.; ISBN 978-3-7815-1811-7; 32,00 EUR)

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