Persistent confusion of total entropy and chemical system entropy in chemical thermodynamics.

The change in free energy with temperature at constant pressure of a chemical reaction is determined by the sum (dS) of changes in entropy of the system of reagents, dS(i), and the additional entropy change of the surroundings, dS(H), that results from the enthalpy change, W. A faulty identification of the total entropy change on reaction with dS(i) has been responsible for the attribution of general validity to the expressions (d deltaG/dT)p = -deltaS(i) and d(deltaG/T)/d(1/T)= deltaH, which are found in most textbooks and in innumerable papers.

Large electrostatic differences in the binding thermodynamics of a cationic peptide to oligomeric and polymeric DNA.

Results presented here demonstrate that the thermodynamics of oligocation binding to polymeric and oligomeric DNA are not equivalent because of long-range electrostatic effects. At physiological cation concentrations (0.1-0.3 M) the binding of an oligolysine octacation KWK6-NH2 (+8 charge) to single-stranded poly(dT) is much stronger per site and significantly more salt concentration dependent than the binding of the same ligand to an oligonucleotide, dT(pdT)10 (-10 charge). These large differences are consistent with Poisson-Boltzmann calculations for a model that characterizes the charge distributions with key preaveraged structural parameters. Therefore, both the experimental and the theoretical results presented here show that the polyelectrolyte character of a polymeric nucleic acid makes a large contribution to both the magnitude and the salt concentration dependence of its binding interactions with simple oligocationic ligands.

Thermodynamics,

Supplementary note (p. S1-24) has caption title: Thermodynamics of gas mixtures, a lecture delivered at Brown university, August 23, 1945.

The general theory of thermodynamics; an introduction to the study of thermodynamics,

"Items of Revision of the General Theory of Thermodynamics, by J. E. Trevor", 1936, (15 leaves) bound in the front.

Foundations of thermodynamics.

Mode of access: Internet.

Notes [on] basic engineering sciences; hydraulics, machine design, thermodynamics, hygrometry, economics and practice.

Mode of access: Internet.

Variational and Lagrangian thermodynamics of thermal convection-- fundamental shortcomings of the heat-transfer coefficient.

Mode of access: Internet.

Problems and solutions; New York State professional engineering examinations, parts II and III. Hydraulics, machine design, thermodynamics, economics and practice, hygrometry.

[v.1.] 1950-1954.--v.2. 1955-1958.

Thermodynamics and heat flow analysis by Lagrangian methods.

Mode of access: Internet.

Selected values of chemical thermodynamics properties.

In portfolio.

Linear thermodynamics and the mechanics of solids.

Mode of access: Internet.

Application of chemical thermodynamics to the study of alloy formation, progress report for ...

"Work performed under Contract No. AT(30-1)-647"--p.2 of cover.

Chemical thermodynamics; basic theory and methods,

Bibliographical footnotes. Bibliography: p. 360.

Applied thermodynamics; professional engineering guide to part III, N.Y.S.P.E. examinations.

Mode of access: Internet.

Interim report on the thermodynamics of chemical species important to rocket technology..

Mode of access: Internet.