The influence of the tag-along rights in the value of companies: an event study of the effects on the market and service companies

The aim of this work is to check the effect of granting tag-along rights to stockholders by analyzing the behavior of the return of the stock. To do so we carried out event studies for a group of 21 company stocks, divided into service provider companies and others, who granted this right to their stockholders after Law 10,303 was passed in October, 2001. In the test we used two models for estimating abnormal returns: adjusted to the market and adjusted to the risk and market. The results of the tests we carried out based on these models did not capture abnormal returns (surpluses), telling us that the tag-along rights did not affect the pattern of daily returns of the stocks of companies traded on BOVESPA (The Sao Paulo Stock Exchange). We did not expect this result because of the new corporate governance practices adopted by companies in Brazil.

Analysis and functional annotation of an expressed sequence tag collection for tropical crop sugarcane

To contribute to our understanding of the genome complexity of sugarcane, we undertook a large-scale expressed sequence tag (EST),program. More than 260,000 cDNA clones were partially sequenced from 26 standard cDNA libraries generated from different sugarcane tissues. After the processing of the sequences, 237,954 high-quality ESTs were identified. These ESTs were assembled into 43,141 putative transcripts. of the assembled sequences, 35.6% presented no matches with existing sequences in public databases. A global analysis of the whole SUCEST data set indicated that 14,409 assembled sequences (33% of the total) contained at least one cDNA clone with a full-length insert. Annotation of the 43,141 assembled sequences associated almost 50% of the putative identified sugarcane genes with protein metabolism, cellular communication/signal transduction, bioenergetics, and stress responses. Inspection of the translated assembled sequences for conserved protein domains revealed 40,821 amino acid sequences with 1415 Pfam domains. Reassembling the consensus sequences of the 43,141 transcripts revealed a 22% redundancy in the first assembling. This indicated that possibly 33,620 unique genes had been identified and indicated that >90% of the sugarcane expressed genes were tagged.

Effect of Sodium Ascorbate on Tag Formation in Bleached Enamel

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hybrid layer thickness and resin tag length of a self-etching adhesive bonded to sound dentin

Objectives: the purpose of this study is to employ optical microscopy to measure the thickness of the hybrid layer and the penetration (tags) of an aggressive self-etching adhesive system into sound dentin.Methods: occtusat cavities were prepared in 40 extracted human posterior teeth. The prepared teeth were randomly assigned to four experimental groups with 10 specimens each. The self-etching adhesive system Adper Prompt L-Pop was applied to the dentin surface as follows: Group 1: cavosurface enamel was etched for 60 s and dentin for 20 s with 35% phosphoric acid get, immediately followed by application of the self -etching adhesive with a brush to the entire cavity for 15 s; Groups 2, 3, and 4: no pre-etching was performed, and the self -etching adhesive was applied to both enamel and dentin for 15, 30 and 45 s, respectively. After curing, the cavities were fitted with composite resin Fittek Z250. Afterwards, the teeth were decalcified and the restorations were carefully removed for later embedding in paraffin. The specimens were serially sectioned at 6 mu m of thickness and sequentially mounted in glass slides. These sections were stained with Brown and Brenn staining for posterior analysis and measurement of the hybrid layer and resin tags on a tight microscope with a micrometric ocular 40/075. The results were submitted to analysis of variance at the 5% level.Results: whenever there was significance, the Tukey test was applied at the 5% level. The specimens receiving application of acid etching before the selfetching. adhesive displayed a larger thickness of the hybrid layer; on the other hand, specimens receiving only application of the self -etching adhesive on dentin for 15, 30 and 45 s exhibited similar thickness of the hybrid layer. As regards the resin tags, no statistically significant differences could be found between the study groups.Conclusions: it could be concluded that the increase in the time of application of the self-etching adhesive Adper Prompt L-Pop did not significantly influence the formation and thickness of hybrid layer, as well as its penetration into the sound dentin surface. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Analysis of hybrid layer thickness, resin tag length and their correlation with microtensile bond strength using a total etch adhesive to intact dentin.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a two-step total etch and rinse adhesive, the correlation between the hyybrid layer thickness (HL) and bond strength (BS), and between resin tag length (RT) and bond strength in the same teeth, and also to evaluate the fracture patterns of the tested specimens. Ten human molars were used for the restorative procedure and then sectioned in two halves (mesio-distally). The materials used were Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE, Ultra etch gel, Ultradent and Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE. One half were utilized to measure the HL thickness and RT length through light microscopy analysis (400x), and the other half was subject to a microtensile test to measure the BS. The fractured surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and fracture patterns classified. The Pearson correlation test was applied (p = 0.05). The results of the analyses of each specimen then were correlated: mean HL thickness = 4.39 (0.48) microm, mean length of RT = 9.94 (1.69) microm, mean BS = 23.98 (10.24) MPa. A statistically significant correlation between HL thickness and bond strength was found (r = 0.93). The two step etch and rinse adhesive system, showed a strong correlation between HL thickness and bond strength. The most common fractures were adhesive, followed by cohesive in resin.

Influence of the hybrid layer thickness and resin tag length on microtensile bond strength.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the hybrid layer thickness/resin tag length and the microtensile bond strength of conventional two-step adhesive system, when applied to healthy dentinal tissue. After performing the restorative adhesive procedures and tooth extractions, ten specimens were sectioned in the mesiodistal direction. One section was used for microscopic analysis of the resin tag lengths and the hybrid layer thickness, while the other was used for the microtensile bond strength test (0.5 mm/min). The fractured surface was classified according to the fracture pattern, under a stereoscopic microscope at 40x magnification. Data obtained were submitted to analysis using one-way ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation test (alpha=0.05). The means corresponding to the hybrid layer thickness, resin tag lengths and the microtensile test were 2.68 microm, 6.43 microm and 16.23 MPa, respectively. There was no correlation between the means of the values obtained for the microtensile test, and those presented by the hybrid layer (r2=0.40, p>0.05) and resin tags (r2=0.21, p>0.05). The microtensile bond strength of the conventional two-step adhesive system Adper Single Bond 2 did not depend on the thickness of the hybrid layer and length of resin tags.

Dynamic exercise versus tag game warm up: The acute effect on agility and vertical jump in children

Although dynamic and stretching exercises have been widely investigated, there is little information about warm up performed by tag games. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to verify the acute effect of dynamic exercises compared to a tag game warm up on agility and vertical jump in children. 25 boys and 24 girls participated in this study and performed the agility and vertical jump tests after warm up based on dynamic exercises or as a tag game lasting 10 min each in two different days randomly. Dynamic exercises warm up consisted in a run lasting 2.5 min followed by 2 series of 8 dynamic exercises lasting 10 seconds each interspersed with 20s of light run to recovery. Tag game warm up was performed by a tag game with two variations lasting 5 min each. The first variation there was a single cather, which aimed to get the other participants by touching hands. In the second part of the game, the rules were the same except that the participant that was caught had to help the catcher forming a team of catchers. Warm up intensity was monitored by OMNI perceived exertion scale. ANOVA 2x2 for repeated measures (Warm up x Sex) demonstrated no significant differences between dynamic exercises and tag game for agility and vertical jump (P>0.05) for boys and girls. Perceived exertion was significantly higher in tag game compared to dynamic exercises on girls (P<0.05). Both warm up models showed similar acute effects on agility and vertical jump in children. © Faculty of Education. University of Alicante.

Correlation between hybrid layer thickness, resin tag length and microtensile bond strength of a self-etching adhesive system

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the hybrid layer thickness, resin tag length and resin bond strength of a self-etching adhesive system to sound dentin tissue in vivo. After performing restorative procedures and tooth extractions, ten specimens were sectioned in a mesiodistal direction. One dental section was used for light microscope analysis, in which both the resin tag length and hybrid layer thickness were measured, while the other section was analyzed using a microtensile test (0.5 mm/min). The fractured surface of the latter section was characterized using a stereoscopic magnifying glass (40x magnifcation). The results were subject to statistical analysis using the Pearson Correlation Test (a = 0.05). The hybrid layer thickness, resin tag length and resin bond strength mean values were 2.19 microm (0.34), 4.34 microm (0.28) and 9.73 MPa (5,55), respectively. In addition, correlation tests between the resin tag length and the resin bond strength (r=0.014) and also between the hybrid layer thickness and bond strength (r=0.43), showed no statistically significant correlation. The microtensile bond strength of Adper Prompt L Pop self-etching adhesive system does not depend on hybrid layer thickness or resin tag length.

Resin tag length of one-step and self-etching adhesives bonded to unground enamel

Length of resin tags yielded by utilization of an one-step conventional adhesive system and self-etching adhesive system on unground enamel was observed. In study Groups I and III, the enamel surface was etched for 60 seconds with 35% phosphoric acid gel and adhesive systems PQ1 (Ultradent Products, Inc) and Adper Prompt L Pop (3M/ESPE) were applied. Adper Prompt L Pop (3M/ESPE) was also applied in Group II in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. After application of these adhesive systems to dental enamel, specimens were prepared for light microscopy analysis to ascertain degree of penetration (x400). The results were submitted to an analysis of variance at the 5% level; whenever there was significance, the Tukey test was applied at the 5% level. It was found that acid etching prior to application of conventional and self-etching adhesive materials provided higher penetration of the adhesive into the unground enamel surface compared to that achieved solely by application of self-etching adhesive.

Effect of time interval between bleaching and bonding on tag formation

The objective of this study was to assess penetration of adhesive material in enamel bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide using optical polarized light microscopy. Extracted human teeth were randomly assigned to 5 groups, each representing a specific time interval between bleaching and the application of an adhesive material. They were designated as: (TC) the control group-restorations in unbleached teeth; (T0) comprising restorations carried out immediately after bleaching; (T7) comprising restorations 7 days after bleaching; (T14) comprising restorations 14 days after bleaching; and (T21) comprising restorations 21 days after bleaching. Length of resin tags was measured with an Axiophot photomicroscope at a x 400 magnification, and the results subjected to an ANOVA for a comparison between groups, with a p value of < 0.05. Differences between the groups were verified using a Tukey test at a confidence level of 5%. The specimens in the control group (TC) and experimental groups T7, T14 and T21 showed better penetration of adhesive material into enamel in comparison with experimental group T0. This suggests that a gap of at least 7 days should be left between bleaching enamel with 35% hydrogen peroxide and placing adhesive bonding agents and undertaking resin composite restoration work.

Evaluation in situ of tag formation in dental enamel submitted to microabrasion technique: effect of two etching times

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

World War II Prisoner of War Tag - Accession 269 - M116 (148)

The World War II Prisoner of War collection consists of a World War II prisoner of war tag issued by the United State Printing Office in 1942.

eNOS Tag SNP Haplotypes in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Haplotypes formed by polymorphisms (T-786C, rs2070744; a variable number of tandem repeats in intron 4, and Glu298Asp, rs1799983) of the eNOS gene were associated previously with gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia (PE). However, no study has explored the Tag SNPs rs743506 and rs7830 in these disorders. The aim of the current study was to compare the distribution of the genotypes and haplotypes formed by the five eNOS polymorphisms mentioned among healthy pregnant (HP, n = 122), GH (n = 138), and PE (n = 157). The haplotype formed by "C b G G C" was more frequent in HP compared to GH and PE (p = 0.0071), which is supported by previous findings that demonstrated the association of the combination "C b G" with a higher level of nitrite (NO marker). Our results suggest a protective effect of the haplotype "C b G G C" against the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Progetto elettromagnetico di antenne per tag eco-compatibili a banda ultra-larga

Questo lavoro si è occupato della ricerca e progettazione di un'antenna UWB per la realizzazione di un tag RFID e si colloca all'interno del progetto GRETA (GREen TAgs), finanziato dal MIUR. Le principali caratteristiche richieste al green tag sono: dimensioni complessive di massimo 4-5 cm, assenza di batterie e compatibilità con l'ambiente. L'eco-compatibilità viene garantita tramite la realizzazione dell'antenna al di sopra di un substrato di carta; i limiti derivanti dall'assenza di batterie vengono invece sopperiti tramite realizzazione di energy harvesting, al fine di raggiungere una completa autonomia energetica. Viene sfruttata la tecnica UWB per la comunicazione nella banda (3.1-4.8 GHz); l'energy harvesting si effettua invece a 868 MHz. Sono infine stati ricavati alcuni primi risultati relativi alla potenza rettificabile con la soluzione proposta, tramite realizzazione di un opportuno circuito rettificatore.